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Gross II Unit 1 > Unit 1 Mandible and Associated Structures > Flashcards

Unit 1 Mandible and Associated Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest and sturdiest facial bone?

A

Mandible

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2
Q

What are the parts of the mandible?

A

Body, alveolar process, ramus, angle, condylar process, and coronoid process

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3
Q

What is the large horizontal part of the mandible called?

A

Body

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4
Q

What is the upper border of the body containing the tooth sockets called?

A

Alveolar process

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5
Q

What are the tooth sockets more properly called?

A

Alveoli

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6
Q

What is the vertically ascending part of the mandible?

A

Ramus

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7
Q

What can you find at the posterior terminus of the body of the mandible?

A

Angle

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8
Q

What articulates with the temporal bone to form the TMJ joint in the mandible?

A

Condylar process

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9
Q

What is the area of attachment for muscles of mastication in the mandible?

A

Coronoid process

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10
Q

What is the largest muscle of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus

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11
Q

What is the origin of the genioglossus muscle?

A

Superior mental spine

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12
Q

What is the origin of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Inferior mental spine

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13
Q

What is the origin of the anterior belly of digastric?

A

Digastric fossa

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14
Q

What is the origin of the mylohoid muscle?

A

Mylohyoid line

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15
Q

Where is the location of the sublingual gland?

A

Sublingual fossa

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16
Q

Where is the location of part of the submandibular gland in the mandible?

A

Submandibular fossa

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17
Q

What is the third largest salivary gland?

A

Sublingual gland

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18
Q

A misalignment of the TMJ is also known as what?

A

Temporimandibular joint syndrome (TMJ Syndrome)

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19
Q

What can occur with TMJ Syndrome?

A

Migraines and/or arthritis

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20
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid

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21
Q

What is the origin of digastric?

A

Posterior belly from the mastoid process, anterior belly from the digastric fossa

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22
Q

What is the insertion of digastric?

A

Both bellies “insert” into the hyoid bone by an intermediate tendon which connects them together

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23
Q

What is the innervation for digastric?

A

Posterior belly-cervical branch of the facial nerve, anterior belly-nerve to mylohyoid (C.N. V)

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24
Q

What is the function of digastric?

A

Elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible when hyoid is fixed

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25
Q

What is the origin of mylohyoid?

A

Mylohyoid line

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26
Q

What is the insertion of mylohyoid?

A

Body of hyoid bone, median raphe

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27
Q

What is the innervation of mylohyoid?

A

Nerve to mylohyoid

28
Q

What is the function of the mylohyoid?

A

Elevates the hyoid bone and floor of the mouth

29
Q

What is the origin of geniohyoid?

A

inferior mental spine

30
Q

What is the insertion of geniohyoid?

A

Body of the hyoid bone

31
Q

What is the innervation of geniohyoid?

A

C1 fibers through hypoglossal

32
Q

What is the function of geniohyoid?

A

Elevates the hyoid bone and tongue

33
Q

What is the origin of the genioglossus muscle?

A

Superior mental spine

34
Q

What is the insertion of genioglossus?

A

Tip and entire undersurface of tongue

35
Q

What is the innervation of the genioglossus muscle?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (C.N. XII)

36
Q

What is the function of the genioglossus muscle?

A

Draws tongue forward, protrude tip of tongue (“sticking tongue out”)

37
Q

What is the origin of the hyoglossus muscle?

A

Body and greater horn of hyoid bone (upper surface)

38
Q

What is the insertion of hyoglossus?

A

Sides of the tongue

39
Q

What is the innervation of hyoglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

40
Q

What is the function of hyoglossus?

A

Draws tongue downward (“say ah”)

41
Q

What is the muscle slip called where a small portion of the hyoglossus muscle may take origin from the lesser horn of the hyoid?

A

Chondroglossus

42
Q

What is the origin of styloglossus?

A

Styloid process

43
Q

What is the insertion of styloglossus?

A

Sides of the tongue

44
Q

What is the innervation of styloglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

45
Q

What is the function of styloglossus?

A

Draws tongue upward and backward (retraction)

46
Q

Which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is pierced by the intermediate tendon of digastric?

A

Stylohyoid

47
Q

What is the origin of stylohyoid?

A

Styloid process

48
Q

What is the insertion of stylohyoid?

A

Body of hyoid

49
Q

What is the innervation of stylohyoid?

A

Facial nerve

50
Q

What is the function of the stylohyoid?

A

Elevates hyoid bone and tongue

51
Q

Which salivary gland wraps around the posterior border of the mylohyoid?

A

Submandibular

52
Q

What are the two parts of the submandibular gland?

A

Superficial and deep

53
Q

Which part of the submandibular gland is large and lies within the submandibular triangle in the submandibular fossa?

A

Superficial

54
Q

Which part of the submandibular gland is small and lies superior to the mylohyoid muscle?

55
Q

How long is the submandibular duct?

56
Q

To where does the submandibular duct open?

A

Into the oral cavity on the sublingual caruncle located lateral to the frenulum of the tongue

57
Q

What is the innervation of the submandibular gland?

A

Parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve (CN VII) via the submandibular ganglion

58
Q

Which salivary gland is the smallest?

A

Sublingual

59
Q

Where is the sublingual gland located?

A

Superior to the mylohyoid muscle in the sublingual fossa

60
Q

The sublingual gland empties into the floor of the mouth by how many short ducts located along the sublingual fold?

61
Q

What is the innervation of the sublingual gland?

A

parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve (CN VII) via the submandibular ganglion

62
Q

What are the three nerves associated with the mandible?

A

Lingual, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal

63
Q

Where is the lingual nerve located in this region?

A

Crosses under the submandibular duct on its way to the tongue

64
Q

Which blood vessels are associated with the mandible?

A

Lingual artery and vein, facial artery and vein

65
Q

What lymph nodes are associated with the mandible?

A

Submandibular and submental lymph nodes

Gross II Unit 1 (7 decks)

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