Unit 1 - Lesson 5

Question 1

Nervous System

Answer 1

Structures that control the action and reactions of the body in response to stimuli from the environment

2 Parts of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 2

Central Nervous System

Answer 2

Made up of:
Brain - the body’s central command organ
Spinal Cord - allows your brain to communicate with the rest of the body

Question 3

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 3

Connects the CNS to the rest of the body
Has 2 main parts: sensory part and motor part

Question 4

The Brain

Answer 4

Has 3 main areas:
Cerebrum - where you think (largest). Controls movement. The 5 senses
Cerebellum - allows the brain to keep track of your body’s position and coordinate movement
Brain stem - connects your brain to the spinal cord. Controls temperature, blood pressure and heart rate

Question 5

The spinal cord

Nerve

Answer 5

Made of bundles of nerves

A collection of nerve cell extensions together with blood vessels and connective tissue

Question 6

Neuron

Glial cells

Answer 6

A cell that moves messages in the form of fast- moving electrical energy called impulses

Protect and support neurons

Question 7

Parts of a Neuron

Answer 7

Dendrite - A short- branched extension of the cell body
Cell body
Axon - a long extension of the neuron which carry impulses away from the cell
Axon terminal - changes electrical signal to chemical signal

Question 8

What are the Main Senses?

Answer 8

Sight
Touch
Hearing
Taste
Smell

Question 9

Endocrine System

Answer 9

Controls body functions and helps maintain homeostasis by using hormones

Question 10

Hormone

Answer 10

A chemical messenger made in 1 cell or tissue that causes a change in another cell or tissue in a different part of the body

The target cell is the cell that the hormone affects

They are made by endocrine glands

Question 11

Gland

Answer 11

A group of cells that make special chemicals for your body

Question 12

What glands make up the endocrine system?

Answer 12

Pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Reproductive organs
Adrenal glands
Pancreas

Question 13

Feedback Mechanism

Answer 13

A cycle of events in which information from one step controls or affects a previous step

Negative feedback- the effect of the hormone causes a decrease in release of that hormone
Positive feedback - the effect of the hormone causes an increase in release of that hormone