Unit 1 Lecture 4: Arthrology

Question 1

Joint

Answer 1

An Articulation

site where two or more bones meet.

Question 2

Joint Structures

Answer 2

(i.e. binding material):

Fibrous Joint
Cartilaginous Joint
Synovial Joint

Question 3

Joint Functions

Answer 3

(i.e. amount of movement):

Synarthrosis (Synarthrotic Joint)
Amphiarthrosis (Amphiarthrotic Joint)
Diarthrosis (Diarthrotic Joint)

Question 4

Fibrous Joints

Answer 4

bones joined by fibrous connective tissue

no joint cavity.

For fibrous joints, the amount of movement permitted depends on the length of the connective tissue fibers holding the bones together.

3 Types of Fibrous Joints:

1) Suture – very short fibers connect the interlocking edges of articulating bones; occurs only between bones of the skull; sutures are synarthrotic joints.
2) Syndesmosis – ligaments connect the 2 bones; syndesmoses are either synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic joints.
3) Gomphosis – a peg-in-socket joint; only example is a tooth in the alveolar process of the mandible or maxillae bones; gomphoses are synarthrotic joints.

Fibrous joints are either Synarthrosis or Amphiarthrosis,

Question 5

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 5

bones joined by cartilage

no joint cavity.

Hyalin cartilage and the epiphyseal plate

Elastic cartilage: ears and epiglottis

“chondro” = cartilage

Question 6

Synovial Joints

Answer 6

articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity.

Question 7

Synarthrosis

Answer 7

immoveable joint

Question 8

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 8

slightly moveable joint

Question 9

Diarthrosis

Answer 9

freely moveable joint

Question 10

Syndesmosis

Answer 10

Fibrous Joints.

Can be long or short.

Short ones are Synarthrosis (no movement); most are Synarthrotic .

Longer ones are Amphiarthrosis (a little movement)

ligaments connect the two bones; syndesmoses are either synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic joints.

Question 11

Gomphosis

Answer 11

Fibrous Joints

a peg-in-socket joint.

The only example is a tooth in the alveolar process of the mandible or maxillae bones; gomphoses are synarthrotic joints.

Question 12

Suture

Answer 12

Fibrous Joints

very short fibers connect the interlocking edges of articulating bones

Only occurs between bones of the skull; sutures are synarthrotic joints.

Question 13

2 Types of Cartilaginous Joints:

Answer 13

1) Synchondrosis – bar or plate of hyaline cartilage joins bones; synchondroses are synarthrotic joints.
2) Symphysis – a pad or plate of fibrocartilage between bones; symphyses are amphiarthrotic joints.

Question 14

Synchondrosis

Answer 14

bar or plate of hyaline cartilage joins bones; synchondroses are synarthrotic joints.

Cartilaginous; no joint cavity

epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Symphysis

Answer 15

a pad or plate of fibrocartilage between bones

symphyses are amphiarthrotic joints.

Cartilaginous; no joint cavity

Found in between spinal vertebrea.

Pubic Symphysis

Question 16

Synovial Joints

Answer 16

1) Articular (hyalin) Cartilage
2) Joint or Synovial Cavity
3) Articular Capsule – 2 Parts:
a) Fibrous Capsule
b) Synovial Membrane
4) Synovial Fluid
5) Reinforcing Ligaments

Most joints in the body are Synovial, thus most are diarthrotic

articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity.

Question 17

6 Types of Synovial Joints

Based on Structure:

Answer 17

1) Plane Joints
2) Hinge Joints
3) Pivot Joints
4) Condyloid Joints
5) Saddle Joints
6) Ball-and-Socket Joints

Question 18

Atlantoaxial Joint

Answer 18

between atlas (C1 vertebra) and axis (C2 vertebra)

allows you to perform the “no” movement with your head

a pivot joint

Question 19

The articulating bones of a _______ joint are held together byhyaline cartilage.

Answer 19

symphysis

Question 20

The articulating bones of a_______ jointare held together byfibrocartilage.

Answer 20

synchondrosis

Question 21

In a ________________ joint, an oval surface of one bonefits into a concave depression of another; these joints are said to be biaxial.

Answer 21

condyloid

Question 22

If you had a patient who had an inability to produce synovial fluid, this would be likely caused by a disorder of the _________.

Answer 22

synovial membrane

Question 23

Which of the followingjoints based on structureisthe most moveable (i.e. classified as a diarthrosis joint functionally)?

A) Syndesmosis
B) Gomphosis
C) Symphysis
D) Synovial
E) Suture

Answer 23

Synovial

Question 24

Joints that have some limited degree of movement are called _______.

Answer 24

amphiarthrotic

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a type of fibrous joint?

A) syndesmosis
B) suture
C)synovial
D)gomphosis

Answer 25

synovial

Question 26

Which of the following isaFUNCTIONAL classification of joints?

A)Synovial
B)Cartilaginous
C)Fibrous
D)Diarthrosis

Answer 26

Diarthrosis