Unit 1 Lecture 3: Bones of Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb Flashcards
Pelvic Girdle
The pelvic girdle is composed of the 2 ossa coxae (appendicular skeleton) and the sacrum (axial skeleton).
Pubic Symphyses dilates (relaxin hormone helps this process) in the process of labor
Socroiliac joints: Connection between the axial and appendicular. Junction between axial and appendicular
False Pelvis: holds parts of the GI tract
True Pelvis:
Located below. Holds reproductive organs, bladder
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Pubic Terbile and ____ coronal plane
Pelvic brim divides false and true pelvis
Ossa cokae lateral
Ascetabulin is on the lateral side
This is a view of the Medial section.
True pelvis is below.
Sacrum
Anterior (ventral) sacral foramina
Posterior (dorsal) sacral foramina
Sacral canal
Median sacral crest
Auricular surface
Made up of 5 fused bones
A Foramen is a hole
The Median Sacral Crest: think of it as a continuation of the bumps of the spine. It is found only on the posterior side of the sacrum
Rami go through the foramina
Nerves run through the Sacral Canal
Auricular, named that because it looks like an ear
Coccyx: 4-5 fused bones
The posterior side has a crest, a continuation of the spine bumps you feel when you run finger down someone’s back
Ventral rami come through the anterior sacral foramina
Auricular surface sacroiliac joint
Os Coxae
A.K.A., the Innominate, Coxal, or Hip Bone
Composed of 3 bones that have fused together:
Ilium (superior)
Ischium (posterior)
Pubis (anterior)
Think:
Ilium, the Illuminati thinks it’s Superior.
Pubes are in the front. So the Pubis is anterior.
Where the 3 bones are fused is called the ascetabulum, which points out laterally
They fuse at age 15-17. Not fully fused til age 23
The Ischial tuberacities are sit bones
Sciatic nerve
Sciatic nerve passes through the greater sciatic notch.
Largest nerve in the body
ascetabulum
Where the 3 bones forming the Os Coxae are fused together
The ascetabulum points out laterally.
If you cant see the acetabulum, it’s a medial view.
The Head of the Femur articulates at the acetabulum.
Iliac Crest
bony hip points
The Iliac Crest is at about the same level of L4, where spinal cord taps are done.
What is visible in the Medial View of the Os Coxae?
iliac fossa
auricular surface
What is visible in the Lateral View of the Os Coxae?
acetabulum
Femur
The Bone of the Thigh
Gluteal tuberosity: where Gluteus Maximus attaches to the femur
Patella
Anterior: smoother surface
Patella is a sesamoid bone
Bones of the Leg:
Tibia and Fibula
The Tibia is the Thicker one
The Fibula is the little, lateral one
Lateral malleolus
the “Ankle bone”
Tibia
Includes what is called the shin
Tibia forms knee joint with the Femur
Tibia is more medial (find your shin; see that it’s located medially)
The weight bearing bone of the leg
Fibula
The Fibula is the little, lateral one
The fibula has nothing to do with the knee.
The fibula is involved with the ankle
Bones of the Foot:
View
The Lateral side view shows a lower, less triangular arch than a medial view
Tarsal Bones (7)
Tarsal bones are short bones
Talus Calcaneus Navicular Cuboid Cuneiforms Medial Intermediate Lateral
Calcaneus
is the heel bone
Talus
is part of the ankle joint
Talus is the Tallest of the foot bones
The _____ articulate with ____ _____ to form the ankle joint.
tibia and fibula, Talus
located posteriorly on os coxa
TheIschial tuberosity
What bony landmark demarcates the boundary between the true and false pelvis?
Pelvic brim
What bone articulates with the first metatarsal?
Medial cuneiform
The ___________is thenon-weight bearing bone of the leg.
Fibula
The patella is found in the tendon of what muscle?
Quadriceps femoris m.
These structures are very large, blunt, irregularly shaped processes. The only examples in the human body are on the femur.
What bone marking is being described?
Trochanter
The hip bone is created through the fusion of 3 separate bones. Which one is located most superior in the human body?
Ilium
The head of the femur articulates with whatbony landmark?
Acetabulum
List 5 Facts about the Sacrum
There is only one sacrum in the human body.
The sacrum has foramina through which branches of the spinal nerves pass.
The sacrum is part of the axial skeleton.
The sacrum has articular surfaces called auricular surfaces located on its lateral sides.
The sacrum is formed from the fusion of five (5)sacral vertebrae.
In human body, the______________ is located in the same coronal plane as the anterior superior iliac spine.
pubic tubercle
