Unit 1 Lecture 3: Bones of Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

Question 1

Pelvic Girdle

Answer 1

The pelvic girdle is composed of the 2 ossa coxae (appendicular skeleton) and the sacrum (axial skeleton).

Pubic Symphyses dilates (relaxin hormone helps this process) in the process of labor

Socroiliac joints: Connection between the axial and appendicular. Junction between axial and appendicular

False Pelvis: holds parts of the GI tract
True Pelvis:
Located below. Holds reproductive organs, bladder

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Pubic Terbile and ____ coronal plane

Pelvic brim divides false and true pelvis
Ossa cokae lateral

Ascetabulin is on the lateral side

This is a view of the Medial section.

True pelvis is below.

Question 2

Sacrum

Answer 2

Anterior (ventral) sacral foramina

Posterior (dorsal) sacral foramina

Sacral canal

Median sacral crest

Auricular surface

Made up of 5 fused bones

A Foramen is a hole

The Median Sacral Crest: think of it as a continuation of the bumps of the spine. It is found only on the posterior side of the sacrum

Rami go through the foramina

Nerves run through the Sacral Canal

Auricular, named that because it looks like an ear

Coccyx: 4-5 fused bones

The posterior side has a crest, a continuation of the spine bumps you feel when you run finger down someone’s back

Ventral rami come through the anterior sacral foramina

Auricular surface sacroiliac joint

Question 3

Os Coxae

Answer 3

A.K.A., the Innominate, Coxal, or Hip Bone

Composed of 3 bones that have fused together:
Ilium (superior)
Ischium (posterior)
Pubis (anterior)

Think:
Ilium, the Illuminati thinks it’s Superior.
Pubes are in the front. So the Pubis is anterior.

Where the 3 bones are fused is called the ascetabulum, which points out laterally

They fuse at age 15-17. Not fully fused til age 23

The Ischial tuberacities are sit bones

Question 4

Sciatic nerve

Answer 4

Sciatic nerve passes through the greater sciatic notch.

Largest nerve in the body

Question 5

ascetabulum

Answer 5

Where the 3 bones forming the Os Coxae are fused together

The ascetabulum points out laterally.

If you cant see the acetabulum, it’s a medial view.

The Head of the Femur articulates at the acetabulum.

Question 6

Iliac Crest

Answer 6

bony hip points

The Iliac Crest is at about the same level of L4, where spinal cord taps are done.

Question 7

What is visible in the Medial View of the Os Coxae?

Answer 7

iliac fossa

auricular surface

Question 8

What is visible in the Lateral View of the Os Coxae?

Answer 8

acetabulum

Question 9

Femur

Answer 9

The Bone of the Thigh

Gluteal tuberosity: where Gluteus Maximus attaches to the femur

Question 10

Patella

Answer 10

Anterior: smoother surface

Patella is a sesamoid bone

Question 11

Bones of the Leg:

Answer 11

Tibia and Fibula

The Tibia is the Thicker one

The Fibula is the little, lateral one

Question 12

Lateral malleolus

Answer 12

the “Ankle bone”

Question 13

Tibia

Answer 13

Includes what is called the shin

Tibia forms knee joint with the Femur

Tibia is more medial (find your shin; see that it’s located medially)

The weight bearing bone of the leg

Question 14

Fibula

Answer 14

The Fibula is the little, lateral one

The fibula has nothing to do with the knee.
The fibula is involved with the ankle

Question 15

Bones of the Foot:

View

Answer 15

The Lateral side view shows a lower, less triangular arch than a medial view

Question 16

Tarsal Bones (7)

Answer 16

Tarsal bones are short bones

Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms
Medial
Intermediate
Lateral

Question 17

Calcaneus

Answer 17

is the heel bone

Question 18

Talus

Answer 18

is part of the ankle joint

Talus is the Tallest of the foot bones

Question 19

The _____ articulate with ____ _____ to form the ankle joint.

Answer 19

tibia and fibula, Talus

Question 20

located posteriorly on os coxa

Answer 20

TheIschial tuberosity

Question 21

What bony landmark demarcates the boundary between the true and false pelvis?

Answer 21

Pelvic brim

Question 22

What bone articulates with the first metatarsal?

Answer 22

Medial cuneiform

Question 23

The ___________is thenon-weight bearing bone of the leg.

Answer 23

Fibula

Question 24

The patella is found in the tendon of what muscle?

Answer 24

Quadriceps femoris m.

Question 25

These structures are very large, blunt, irregularly shaped processes. The only examples in the human body are on the femur.

What bone marking is being described?

Answer 25

Trochanter

Question 26

The hip bone is created through the fusion of 3 separate bones. Which one is located most superior in the human body?

Answer 26

Ilium

Question 27

The head of the femur articulates with whatbony landmark?

Answer 27

Acetabulum

Question 28

List 5 Facts about the Sacrum

Answer 28

There is only one sacrum in the human body.

The sacrum has foramina through which branches of the spinal nerves pass.

The sacrum is part of the axial skeleton.

The sacrum has articular surfaces called auricular surfaces located on its lateral sides.

The sacrum is formed from the fusion of five (5)sacral vertebrae.

Question 29

In human body, the______________ is located in the same coronal plane as the anterior superior iliac spine.

Answer 29

pubic tubercle