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Zz_Empower C1 [Tue 20.00, Sat 18.00] > Unit 1. Language > Flashcards

Unit 1. Language Flashcards

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1
Q

I ______ __ this character so much! [= I’m emotionally connected to them, because of similar experiences/traits, ets]

A

I relate to this character

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2
Q

What’s in the gap?

A

I can relate.
OR
I can relate to that.

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3
Q

Some learners appear to be able to a_____ language without much formal study.

A

acquire language

/əˈkwaɪə(r)/

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4
Q

I really _____ with English idioms. I can never remember them. [= they are difficult for me]

A

struggle with

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5
Q

I really struggle ___ English idioms. I can never remember them.

A

struggle with a topic

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6
Q

I’m not sure if I’ll ever _____ a native speaker level of competence, but I’m not sure I really need to.

A

attain

or

get to

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7
Q

When we went to live in Korea, he quickly got __________ to the sound of the language. [= got used to]

A

got accustomed to the sound

/əˈkʌstəmd/

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8
Q

I have _______ __ __ my Arabic because I’m going to Riyadh next week. [= revised it a bit]

Definition: quickly improve a skill, especially when you have not used it for a time

A

brushed up on

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9
Q

People tend to give up on second language learning too easily. You need to ___ at it if you want to succeed.

A

keep at it

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10
Q

Penny’s lucky - she has an ___ for languages. She learners them much more easily than me.

A

has an ear for languages

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11
Q

Do you have an ___ ___ music?

Definition: an ability to recognize and copy sounds well

A

have an ear for music

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12
Q

After about a year, he found he could ____ a conversation in Italian without too much effort.

A

hold a conversation

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13
Q

Unless I ____ a new piece of language ____ practice immediately, I find I forget it. [= use]

A

put a new piece of language into practice immediately

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14
Q

People tend to give up on second language learning too easily. You need to keep __ __ if you want to succeed.

A

keep at it

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15
Q

She spent six weeks in Poland and really ______ herself in the language and culture. [=погрузилась]

A

immersed herself in

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16
Q

She spent six weeks in Poland and really immersed _______ __ the language and culture.

A

immersed herself in

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17
Q

It’s easy to ____ __ phrases like ‘hello’ and ‘excuse me’ wherever you are in the world. [=learn without trying]

A

pick up phrases

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18
Q

The sounds of Finnish are quite unique, so I found it difficult to ___ to _____ with the pronunciation. [= understand]

A

found it difficult to get to grips with the pronunciation

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19
Q

I need to practice my speaking now I’m back. I’m sure I’m _____. [= it will be difficult for me to talk because I’m out of practice]

A

I’m rusty

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20
Q

I was able to read some books about wildlife cover to cover and g____ some of what they were saying. [to understand something]

A

grasp

BrE /ɡrɑːsp/
AmE /ɡræsp/

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21
Q

What resources do you use to ___ __ _____ ____ the meaning of new English words? [grasp, understand]

A

get to grips with

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22
Q

When you’re studying, when you run into difficulties, do you generally k___ __ __ or do you give up easily? [= continue trying]

A

keep at it

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23
Q

Have you ever _____ __ any professional skills easily, without being taught?

A

picked up

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24
Q

Do you believe that only people who ____ __ ___ ___ music can acquire natural intonation in a foreign language?

A

have an ear for music

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25
Q

Can you ___ a conversation in any other foreign languages apart from English?

A

hold a conversation

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26
Q

Have you ever tried to _______ ____self completely __ English by listening to lots of English or going to an English speaking country? [погрузиться]

A

immerse yourself completely in English

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27
Q

Do you think it’s possible to ______ native proficiency in a foreign language?

A

attain native proficiency

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28
Q

I used to be able to [fly a plane], but I haven’t done that in a while, so now I’m too _____ to fly.

A

I’m too rusty to fly

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29
Q

What can you do in order to ___ all new vocabulary and grammar that you’ve learned on this course ____ ________ ?

A

put … into practice

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30
Q

What aspects of English do you feel you _________ ___ the most?

A

struggle with

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31
Q

[pronunciation] reserved

A

/rɪˈzɜːrvd/

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32
Q

[pronunciation] weird

A

BrE /wɪəd/

AmE /wɪrd/

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33
Q

[pronunciation] relaxed

A

/kst/

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34
Q

[pronunciation] relaxed

A

læ

(like in ‘cat’)

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35
Q

[pronunciation] eccentric

A

/ɪkˈsentrɪk/

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36
Q

sure that you can do things well, that people like you

A

self-confident

ˌself ˈ_kɒn_fɪdənt

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37
Q

not wanting to show what you are thinking or feeling

сдержанный, замкнутый

A

reserved

/rɪˈzɜːvd/

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38
Q

too proud of yourself and your actions

самодовольный, тщеславный

A

conceited

/kənˈsiːtɪd/

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39
Q

doesn’t want to listen to new ideas or to the opinions of others

A

narrow-minded

ˌnærəʊ ˈ_maɪn_dɪd

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40
Q

accepts other people’s ideas and opinions

A

open-minded

ˌəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd

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41
Q

likes to talk a lot [2 synonyms]

A

talkative /ˈtɔːkətɪv/ ‘l’ is not pronounced!

chatty /ˈtʃæti/

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42
Q

calm and relaxed; doesn’t seem to worry about anything [2 synonyms]

A

laid-back /ˌleɪd ˈbæk/

relaxed about things /rɪˈlækst/

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43
Q

behaves in an unusual way

A

eccentric

/ɪkˈsentrɪk/

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44
Q

very strange or unusual and difficult to explain

A

weird

BrE wɪəd

AmE wɪrd

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45
Q

someone who focuses on bad aspects of everything and talks about this all the time

‘Don’t be so _______ all the time!’

A

negative

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46
Q

using words in a funny and clever way

остроумный

A

witty

/ˈwɪti/

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47
Q

She ____ _ good _____ __________ __ him. (= произвела на него хорошее впечатление)

A

She made a good first impression on him.

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48
Q

He really likes to ____ new people. [знакомиться]

A

meet

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49
Q

a racist _____
an anti-Catholic/anti-Muslim _____
a political _____

a person who has very strong, unreasonable beliefs or opinions about race, religion or politics and who will not listen to or accept the opinions of anyone who disagrees

A

bigot [noun]

/ˈbɪɡət/

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50
Q

It was nice to chat to my new colleagues informally, to ___ __ ____ them ______. [познакомиться с ними поближе]

A

It was nice to chat to my new colleagues informally, to get to know them better.

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51
Q

Do you usually decide what you think of someone ___ a first impression?

A

Do you usually decide what you think of someone from a first impression?

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52
Q

Who do you think you’d ___ _____ ___ the best? [=поладили бы]

A

Who do you think you’d get along with the best? [=поладили бы]

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53
Q

So, if I notice that someone is kind of narrow-minded or or even bigoted, that’s a m____ t___-__ for me. (= меня это очень отталкивает от таких людей)

A

So, if I notice that someone is kind of narrow-minded or or even bigoted, that’s a major turn-offfor me. (= меня этоочень отталкивает от таких людей)

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54
Q

Do you remember at least one example with this word?

a bigot

A

a racist bigot
an anti-Catholic/anti-Muslim bigot
a political bigot

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55
Q

[pronunciation] stingy

A

/ˈstɪndʒi/

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56
Q

[pronunciation] obstinate

A

BrE /’ɒbstɪnət/

AmE /ˈɑːbstɪnət/

(not ‘nait’)

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57
Q

здравомыслящий

A

sensible

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58
Q

You need to be much more _____.
_______ behavior

(****behaving** or **speaking** in a **strong**,** confident way, уверенный в себе, настойчивый, “пробивной”)

A

be more assertive BrE /əˈsɜːrtɪv/, AmE /əˈsɜːrtɪv/
assertive behavior

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59
Q

[pronunciation] assertive

A

BrE /əˈsɜːtɪv/

AmE /əˈsɜːrtɪv/

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60
Q

very stubborn, in a way that is annoying and unreasonable

упрямый, как осёл

A

obstinate

BrE /ˈɒbstɪnət/
AmE /ˈɑːbstɪnət/

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61
Q

[pronunciation] obstinate

A

Adjective =>

BrE /ˈɒbstɪnət/
AmE /ˈɑːbstɪnət/

NOT ‘nait’

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62
Q

What does this word mean?

obstinate

BrE /ˈɒbstɪnət/
AmE /ˈɑːbstɪnət/

A

very stubborn, in a way that is annoying and unreasonable

упрямый, как осёл

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63
Q

What does this word mean?

be more assertive BrE /əˈsɜːrtɪv/, AmE /əˈsɜːrtɪv/
assertive behavior

A

behaving or speaking in a strong, confident way, уверенный в себе, настойчивый, “пробивной”

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64
Q

a ______ donation
Thank you for your donation. It was very ______ of you.

(щедрый, щедро)

A

generous

/ˈdʒenərəs/

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65
Q

[pronunciation] generous

A

/ˈdʒenərəs/

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66
Q

She’s a ____ sort of person.
I think that’s a very _____ idea.
I think the _____ thing would be to take a taxi home.

здравомыслящий

A

sensible

/ˈsensəbl/

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67
Q

Do you remember at least one example with the word ‘sensible’?

A

She’s a sensible sort of person.
I think that’s a very sensible idea.
I think the sensible thing would be to take a taxi home.

здравомыслящий

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68
Q

What does this word mean?

sensible
/ˈsensəbl/

A

She’s a ____ sort of person.
I think that’s a very _____ idea.
I think the _____ thing would be to take a taxi home.

здравомыслящий

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69
Q

[pronunciation] sensible

здравомыслящий

A

/ˈsensəbl/

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70
Q

He’s a good musician and _____ reliable. [= 100%]

Do you remember at least one adverb that goes with ‘reliable’?

A

totally reliable

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71
Q

He’s too ____ to buy any drinks.
Don’t be so ____ with the cream!
It was a ____ offer and he turned it down.

жадный, скаредный, прижимистый

A

stingy

/ˈstɪndʒi/

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72
Q

What does this word mean?

stingy

A

He’s too ____ to buy any drinks.
Don’t be so ____ with the cream!
It was a ____ offer and he turned it down.

жадный, скаредный, прижимистый

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73
Q

[pronunciation] stingy

A

/ˈstɪndʒi/

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74
Q

Do you remember at least one example with this word?

stingy

A

He’s too stingy to buy any drinks.
Don’t be so stingy with the cream!
It was a stingy offer and he turned it down.

жадный, скаредный, прижимистый

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75
Q

Do you remember at least one example with this word?

generous

A

a generous donation
Thank you for your donation. It was very generous of you.

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76
Q

Do you remember at least one example with this word?

assertive

A

You need to be much more assertive.
assertive behavior

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77
Q

бережливый

Example: They have plenty of money now, but they still tend to be ______.

A

бережливый

Example: They have plenty of money now, but they still tend to be thrifty.

/ˈθrɪf.ti/

78
Q

(adjective) not considering how your actions or words may upset someone:

принимающий необдуманные решения, совершающий бездумные действия

It was ______ not to call and say you’d be late.
She’s not intentionally unkind - she’s just a little ______ sometimes.

A

thoughtless /ˈθɔːtləs/

(adjective) not considering how your actions or words may upset someone:

принимающий необдуманные решения, совершающий бездумные действия

It was thoughtless not to call and say you’d be late.
She’s not intentionally unkind - she’s just a little thoughtless sometimes.

79
Q

[pronunciation] affectionate

ласковый

A

əˈfekʃənət

80
Q

[pronunciation] indecisive

нерешительный

A

/ˌɪn.dɪˈsaɪ.sɪv/

81
Q

[pronunciation] immature

(about a person) незрелый

A

/ˌɪməˈtjʊər/

82
Q

[pronunciation] hypocrisy

лицемерие

A

BrE /hɪˈpɒkrəsi/

AmE /hɪˈpɑːkrəsi/

83
Q

[pronunciation] a hypocrite

лицемер, ханжа

A

/’hɪpəkrɪt/

84
Q

[pronunciation]

eccentric

eccentricity

A

/ɪkˈsentrɪk/

/ˌeksenˈtrɪsəti/

85
Q

[pronunciation] secretive

A

/ˈsiːkrətɪv/

86
Q

pronunciation of his name

A

/ˌælbət ˈaɪnstaɪn/

87
Q

[word formation] ‘Oh, that accent is just _____ (IDIOT).’

‘Wow. I never expected you to be such a bigot.’

A

‘Oh, that accent is just idiotic.

‘Wow. I never expected you to be such a bigot.’

88
Q

[word formation] Oh, I can’t stand my in-laws. I’m so sick of their _____ (BIGOT) and (STUPID).

A

Oh, I can’t stand my in-laws. I’m so sick of their bi**gotry (BIGOT) and stu**pidity (STUPID).

bigotry - нетерпимость

stupidity - тупость, групость

89
Q

[word formation] My brother is very _____ (secret) about his relationships.

A

My brother is very secretive about his relationships.

secretive /ˈsiːkrətɪv/

not willing to tell people what you know or what you are doing

скрытный

90
Q

[adverbs] Thomasina ______ (впервые поехала) to Mexico after finishing school.

A

Thomasina first travelled to Mexico after finishing school.

91
Q

[adverbs] I had to repair a boat there [in France] and was working in a boatyard where nobody spoke English - you learn very fast when ________ (тебе это абсолютно необходимо - need) in order to get a job done.

A

I had to repair a boat there [in France] and was working in a boatyard where nobody spoke English - you learn very fast when you absolutely need to in order to get a job done.

92
Q

[adverbs] _______ (сейчас я говорю бегло - fluent), though having learnt the language almost entirely by ear while living in the country my written French is terrible.

A

I’m now fluent, though having learnt the language almost entirely by ear while living in the country my written French is terrible.

93
Q

[adverbs] Caroline Wyatt says she ________ (непроизвольно жестикулирует (uses her hands, involuntarily)) whilst talking in French.

A

Caroline Wyatt says she involuntarily uses her hands whilst talking in French.

BrE /ɪnˌvɑːlənˈterəli/

94
Q

[adverbs] Chris Packham said to his neighbours: ‘Look, I’ll speak to you in French and I want you to _____ (постоянно - constantly - меня поправлять)’

A

Chris Packham said to his neighbours: ‘Look, I’ll speak to you in French and I want you to constantly correct me.

BrE /ˈkɒnstəntli/

AmE /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

95
Q

[adverbs] Default position for comment and linking adverbs (+1-2 examples)

A

at the FRONT

Obviously, he knows his grammar.

However, he isn’t as fluent as Paul.

96
Q

[adverbs] DEFAULT position for WHERE HOW WHEN

and most adverbial phrases

A

AT THE END OF THE CLAUSE

I live nearby so I’ll be there soon.
I write very slowly.
I try to visit my parents every once in a while.

97
Q

[adverbs][add ‘inevitably’ to the sentence]

Good exam results don’t mean success in later life.

inevitably = неизбежно

A

Good exam results don’t inevitably mean success in later life.

MIDDLE position: HOW PROBABLE, CERTAIN, FREQUENT

98
Q

[adverbs][add ‘definitely’ to the sentence]

I’m thinking of going abroad, by the way.

A

I’m definitely thinking of going abroad, by the way.

/ˈdefɪnətli/

99
Q

[adverbs][add ‘abruptly’ to the sentence]

The secretary put the phone down.

A

The secretary put the phone down abruptly. [default]

The secretary abruptly put the phone down. [also possible]

100
Q

[adverbs][collocation]

At the end of the walk, I was u______ exhausted. (= совершенно, абсолютно)

A

At the end of the walk, I was utterly exhausted.

BrE /ˈʌtəli/

AmE /ˈʌtərli/

101
Q

[adverbs][add ‘в считанные минуты’ to the sentence]

The ambulance arrived on the scene.

A

The ambulance arrived on the scene within minutes.

102
Q

[adverbs][add ‘заранее’ to the sentence]

I had had a nasty feeling.

A

I had had a nasty feeling beforehand. [default]

Beforehand, … - also possible

BrE /bɪˈfɔːhænd/

AmE /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

103
Q

[pronunciation] beforehand

заранее

A

beforehand

/bɪˈfɔːhænd/

/bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

104
Q

[adverbs][where can ‘certainly’ go in this sentence?]

That was the best game so far.

A

(certainly) That (certainly) was (certainly) the best game so far.

105
Q

[adverbs][add ‘многократно, неоднократно’ to the sentence]

You have ignored all my warnings.

A

You have repeatedly ignored all my warnings.

/rɪˈpiːtɪdli/

106
Q

[adverbs][add ‘я так понимаю/вероятно’ (pre…) to the sentence]

You lived in Paris, so you speak French fluently.

A

You lived in Paris, so presumably you speak French fluently. [comment => by default, at the front of the clause]

You lived in Paris, so you speak French fluently, presumably. [also possible]

BrE /prɪˈzjuːməbli/
AmE /prɪˈzuːməbli/

107
Q

[adverbs][add ‘время от времени’ to the sentence - every ….]

I try to have medical check-ups.

A

I try to have medical check-ups every once in a while.

… every now and again

[a phrase => by default, at the end]
But front position also possible.

108
Q

[personality adjectives] чересчур любопытный

  • ___ neighbours*
  • Don’t be so ___ —it’s none of your business.*
A
  • nosy neighbours*
  • Don’t be so nosy—it’s none of your business.*

/ˈnəʊzi/

109
Q

[personality adjectives] рассеянный

You’ve been very ______-______ lately.

A

You’ve been very absent-minded lately.

/ˌæbsənt ˈmaɪndɪd/

110
Q

[personality adjectives] спокойный, добродушный

I wish I had such ___-____ parents!

I look for an ____-____ man who likes to travel and isn’t afraid of change. [спокойного мужчину]

A

I wish I had such easy-going parents!

I look for an easy-going man who likes to travel and isn’t afraid of change

/ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/

relaxed and happy to accept things without worrying or getting angry

111
Q

[personality adjectives] общительный

Examples:

She’s a ________ child who’ll talk to anyone.
I’m not feeling very ________ this evening.
We had a very ________ weekend (= we did a lot of things with other people).

A
  • She’s a* sociable child who’ll talk to anyone.
  • I’m not feeling very* sociable this evening.
  • We had a very* sociable weekend (= we did a lot of things with other people).

/ˈsəʊʃəbl/

112
Q

[pronunciation] sociable

общительный

A

/ˈsəʊʃəbl/

(not ‘ei’!)

113
Q

[pronunciation] significant

A

/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

114
Q

[pronunciation] decreasing

A

/dɪˈkriːs/+ing

115
Q

[developers of an app] “If we do this, the app will take longer to load, but only by 12 milliseconds - which is certainly not p_________ __ the end user.” (=не заметны для)

A

[developers of an app] “If we do this, the app will take longer to load, but only by 12 milliseconds - which is certainly not perceptible to the end user.”

/pəˈseptəbl/

116
Q

One l_______ change to English that was barely perceptible at the time is known as The Great Vowel Shift. (= continuing to exist for a long time).

______ damage / love

a _____ impact / friendship

A

One lasting change to English that was barely perceptible at the time is known as The Great Vowel Shift. (= continuing to exist for a long time - продолжительный, длительный, долгосрочный).

/ˈlɑːstɪŋ/

lasting damage / love

a lasting impact / friendship

117
Q

One lasting change to English that was b_____ p_________ at the time is known as The Great Vowel Shift. (= едва заметна)

A

One lasting change to English that was barely perceptible at the time is known as The Great Vowel Shift.

BrE /beəli pəˈseptəbl/

AmE /berli pərˈseptəbl/

118
Q

These changes may have a hugely significant impact but can __ e_______ unnoticed while they are in progress. (полностью остаются незамеченными)

A

These changes may have a hugely significant impact but can go entirely unnoticed while they are in progress.

/ɪnˈtaɪə(r)li/

119
Q

Here are some of the less n_________ changes that are occurring in English right now. (= заметные)

A

Here are some of the less n_________ changes that are occurring in English right now. (= заметные)

/’nəʊtɪsəbl/

120
Q

There are far more s_____, ongoinglanguage changes taking place at any given time.(= not obvious or easy to notice - тонкиt, неуловимые)

A

There are far more subtle, ongoing language changes taking place at any given time.

/ˈsʌtl/

121
Q

Can you remember at least ONE collocation with ‘lasting’? (= continuing to exist for a long time)

A

______ damage / love

a _____ impact / friendship

122
Q

‘Started to smoke’ or ‘started smoking’? There was a s_____ shift ______ more frequent use of the verb + -ing. (= постепенный, неуклонный сдвиг/переход к)

A

There was a steady shift toward more frequent use of the verb + -ing.

/ˈstedi/

123
Q

‘Started to smoke’ or ‘started smoking’? There was a steady shift toward more frequent use of the verb + -ing and these forms are still on the ______. (= растут по употребляемости)

A

‘Started to smoke’ or ‘started smoking’? There was a steady shift toward more frequent use of the verb + -ing and these forms are still on the increase./s/

or:

on the rise

124
Q

There are far more subtle, _______ [GO >> word family] language changes taking place at any given time. [= still happening, продолжающийся]

A

There are far more subtle, ongoing language changes taking place at any given time.

/ˈɒnˌɡəʊɪŋ/

125
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Goodness, I’m so tired! I ______ (work) all night. Well, at least I ____ (finish) the report.

A

Goodness, I’m so tired! I‘ve been working all night - (focus on the action that’s the source of my feeling)

Well, at least I‘ve finished the report. (focus on a one-off event)

126
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] _____ (the dog / chew) on my bag???

A

Has the dog been chewing on my bag???

[frustration + results of a recent action]

127
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] _____ (you / fight) again? ___ (You / lose) your teeth!

No, ___ (I / not / lose) them, Mum. They’re in my pockete!

A

Have you been fighting again? (focus on the action that’s the source of the current situation)

You’ve lost your teeth! (focus on the result: no teeth)

No, I haven’t lost them, Mum. They’re in my pocket!

128
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Daddy, have a look! It ______ (snow)! (= выпал снег)

A

Daddy, have a look! It’s been snowing!

(focus on the action - snowing - that’s the source of the result - the ground is covered in snow)

129
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I ___ (write) wedding invitations the whole morning. I ____ (write) 150 ones so far.

A

Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I’ve been writing wedding invitations the whole morning. - focus on the action

I’ve written 150 ones so far. - focus on the number

130
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] They ____ (just / get) married.

A

They‘ve just got married. [one-off event / change]

131
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] She __ (travel) across the globe since she was 16.

She __ (visit) more than 40 countries.

A

She’s been travelling across the globe since she was 16. [focus: the action]

She’s visited more than 40 countries. [focus: the number]

132
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] What’s this smoke? ___ (you / cook) again??

A

What’s this smoke? Have you been cooking again?? [I disapprove of the person’s action]

133
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] (1) ___ (you / drink) again??

(2) ___ (you / drink) all my wine??

A

(1) Have you been drinking again?? (I disapprove of the person’s action)
(2) Have you drunk all my wine?? (I disapprove of the result: there’s no wine left)

134
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] You / read my emails again???

A

Have you been reading my emails again??? (it’s the action that’s annoying here)

135
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Why are you covered in paint?? Because ____ (I / paint) the room.

A

Why are you covered in paint??

Because I’ve been painting the room. (focus: action that’s the source of the situation)

136
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Your breath stinks! ____ (you / smoke)?

A

Your breath stinks! Have you been smoking? (it’s the action that’s annoying)

137
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] я уже неделю не могу вызвать ремонтника (call in a specialist) - but I just haven’t had the time to do that.

A

I’ve been meaning to call in a specialist for a week now

138
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] I’ve been meaning to call in a specialist for a week now, but ____ (всё времени не хватает это сделать).

A

I’ve been meaning to call in a specialist for a week now, but I just haven’t had the time to do that.

139
Q

‘but I haven’t had the time to do that’?

what other words collocate with this phrase?
(не хватило денег / решимости / сил)

A

I haven’t had

  • the finances to do that / the cash to do that
  • the chance to do that / the opportunity to do that
  • the guts to do that / the courage to do that
  • the energy to do that
140
Q

There’s ____ restaurant I’ve been meaning to check out. (what word makes your story more colorful?)

A

There’s this restaurant I’ve been meaning to check out..

141
Q

I’ve got a sink a full of dishes that I’ve been meaning to ___ __ (= до которой я всё никак НЕ МОГУ ДОБРАТЬСЯ)

A

I’ve got a sink a full of dishes that I’ve been meaning to get to (= до которой я всё никак НЕ МОГУ ДОБРАТЬСЯ).

142
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Goodness, I’m so tired! I ______ (work) all night. Well, at least I ____ (finish) the report.

A

Goodness, I’m so tired! I‘ve been working all night - (focus on the action that’s the source of my feeling)

Well, at least I‘ve finished the report. (focus on a one-off event)

143
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] _____ (the dog / chew) on my bag???

A

Has the dog been chewing on my bag???

[frustration + results of a recent action]

144
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] _____ (you / fight) again? ___ (You / lose) your teeth!

No, ___ (I / not / lose) them, Mum. They’re in my pockete!

A

Have you been fighting again? (focus on the action that’s the source of the current situation)

You’ve lost your teeth! (focus on the result: no teeth)

No, I haven’t lost them, Mum. They’re in my pocket!

145
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I ___ (write) wedding invitations the whole morning. I ____ (write) 150 ones so far.

A

Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I’ve been writing wedding invitations the whole morning. - focus on the action

I’ve written 150 ones so far. - focus on the number

146
Q

[grammar: perfect tenses] They ____ (just / get) married.

A

They‘ve just got married. [one-off event / change]

147
Q

I’ve meaning to fix the leaking tap for ages, and I’ve only just ___ _____ to that. (у меня только сейчас ДОШЛИ ДО ЭТОГО РУКИ).

A

I’ve meaning to fix the leaking tap for ages, and I’ve only just got round to that. (у меня только сейчас ДОШЛИ ДО ЭТОГО РУКИ).

or:

got around

148
Q

[make this more culturally appropriate] When are you going to review my report?

A

Have you had the chance to review my report?

149
Q

Nadia [the boss] wants a meeting this morning.

And..?

I’ve got a feeling it’s ___ e_____ ____ news [bad news >> understatement]

A

Nadia [the boss] wants a meeting this morning.

And..?

I’ve got a feeling it’s not exactly good news [bad news >> understatement]

150
Q

Oh, don’t be so negative. Nadia probably just wants to thank you for all your hard work.

Hm, that’_ __ _________ __ _ surprise. [She definitely doesn’t >> understatement]

A

Oh, don’t be so negative. Nadia probably just wants to thank you for all your hard work.

A Hm, that’d be something of a surprise.

Pronunciation: that-a-be

151
Q

Now, do you know why I’ve asked to see you?

S Um … Is it something __ __ ____ our long-running series of interviews with authors? (= connected to)

A

Now, do you know why I’ve asked to see you?

S Um … Is it something to do with our long-running series of interviews with authors? (= connected to)

152
Q

Look, Oscar has already booked six authors, ___ __ ____ (= плюс минус)

A

Look, Oscar has already booked six authors, give or take.

153
Q

He’s even managed to persuade Max _____ to come in. (= как его там)

Who?

Max _____ - you know, author of Solar Wind?

A

He’s even managed to persuade Max whatshisname to come in. (= как его там)

Who?

Max whatshisname - you know, author of Solar Wind?

pronunciation: don’t pronounce the ‘h’: whatsisname

154
Q

Don’t tell me - she’s promoted you to editor-in-chief

Something _____ _____ li___, yeah. (примерно - used sarcastically here)

A

Don’t tell me - she’s promoted you to editor-in-chief

Something along those lines, yeah. (примерно - used sarcastically here)

155
Q

Go on, tell me all!

Well, basically, she said if I don’t get something big, like an interview with a best-selling author, I’m out of here, or words __ ____ ______. (= but she didn’t word it this way)

A

Go on, tell me all!

Well, basically, she said if I don’t get something big, like an interview with a best-selling author, I’m out of here, or words to that effect. (= but she didn’t word it this way)

156
Q

You know, my Dad is Italian.

A No way! Hey, maybe you could teach me some ____ ___ ______, you know, basic survival phrases, ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ and stuff like that? (= stuff)

A

You know, my Dad is Italian.

A No way! Hey, maybe you could teach me some bits and pieces, you know, basic survival phrases, ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ and stuff like that?

157
Q

I appreciate you’re still finding your feet here at City FM.

S Well, I’m beginning to feel like I’ve got ___ ___ __ things. (= I’ve mastered the basics, more or less).

A

I appreciate you’re still finding your feet here at City FM.

S Well, I’m beginning to feel like I’ve got the hang of things. (= I’ve mastered the basics, more or less)

158
Q

ALEX Scusami, signorina, parla Inglese?

S Leave __ __, Alex. (= да прекрати ты уже)

(British English, informal) used to tell somebody to stop doing something

A

ALEX Scusami, signorina, parla Inglese?

S Leave it out, Alex

159
Q

You don’t ______ __ ____ (=ты случайно не знаешь), like, a best selling author or something, do you, Alex?

A

You don’t happen to know, like a best selling author or something, do you, Alex?

160
Q

There were [about > reformulate with ‘region’] 100 people.

A

There were somewhere in the region of 100 people.

161
Q

What’s the average salary in your field? Around 50 grand?

A little higher - 70 to 90, I think. R_____ly in that ballpark. (примерно)

A

What’s the average salary in your field? Around 50 grand?

A little higher - 70 to 90, I think. Roughly in that ballpark.

162
Q

What’s the average salary in your field? Around 50 grand?

A little higher - 70 to 90, I think. Roughly __ ____ b_______. (= такого порядка)

A

What’s the average salary in your field? Around 50 grand?

A little higher - 70 to 90, I think. Roughly in that ballpark.

163
Q

Add suffixes to the words to make them vague/inexact:

Do you remember this guy.. whatsisname.. The forty years old guy in a plastick hat?

A

Do you remember this guy.. whatsisname.. The fortyish years old guy in a plasticky hat?

164
Q

A: Are you hungry yet?

B: ___. [= a ‘vague’ suffix that’s sometimes used on its own] I could eat, if you’re hungry.

A

A: Are you hungry yet?

B: Ish. I could eat, if you’re hungry.

165
Q

Add suffixes to the words to make them vague/inexact:

I’ll be there at 5. I’ll be wearing a blue-pink jacket and a brown skirt.

A

I’ll be there at 5. I’ll be wearing a bluey-pink jacket and a brownish skirt.

166
Q

He’s very quiet and b______ [= the sort of person who reads a lot].

A

He’s very quiet and bookish.

167
Q

He’s very quiet and b______ [= the sort of person who reads a lot].

A

He’s very quiet and bookish.

168
Q

Replace ‘type’ with a suffix:

This nylon-type material is too hot for this weather.

A

This nylony material is too hot for this weather.

169
Q

Replace ‘around’ with a suffix:

The party starts at eight but I think we should get there at around 9 o’clock.

A

The party starts at eight but I think we should get there at 9 o’clock-ish.

170
Q

Replace ‘around’ with a suffix:

The party starts at eight but I think we should get there at around 9 o’clock.

A

The party starts at eight but I think we should get there at 9 o’clock-ish.

171
Q

[pronunciation] vague

A

/veɪɡ/

172
Q

Reformulate, adding a suffix to ‘grey’:

What color’s his hair? – Well, it’s got a bit of grey.

A

What color’s his hair? – Well, it’s grey-ish.

173
Q

In what four situations do people often use ‘ish’?

A
  1. with numbers/periods/time (Five minutes-ish)
  2. with adjectives (This blue-ish colour)
  3. with names/styles/regions (This song is, like, a little bit David Bowie-ish).
  4. stand-alone, especially in replies (Are you tired? - Yeah, ish).
174
Q

[disageement] That s_____ isn’t true. [an intensifying adverb]

A

[disageement] That simply isn’t true. [an intensifying adverb]

175
Q

[formal register] The world is made ________ly more fascinating by having a variety of cultures.

A

The world is made infinitely more fascinating by having a variety of cultures.

176
Q

The world is made infinitely more fascinating by having a variety of cultures.

[reformulate ‘infinitely’ in an informal way]

A

The world is made way more fascinating by having a variety of cultures.

or ‘a lot more fascinating’

177
Q

[formal register] I agree up to a point that there’s benefit to __ ___ from a shared global language

A

[formal register] I agree up to a point that there’s benefit to be had from a shared global language

178
Q

[disagreement] as far as I’m concerned, there’s __ ___ English is taking over my life

A

[disagreement] as far as I’m concerned, there’s no way English is taking over my life

there’s no way + sentence (‘a clause’)

179
Q

[uncertainty] I’m __ two _____ _____ hiring him.

A

I’m in two minds about hiring him.

180
Q

[uncertainty] I’ve got _____ feelings about this/that.

A

I’ve got mixed feelings about this/that.

181
Q

[agreement] You ___ ___ nail __ the ____ head when you advised me against traveling to Haiti.

A

You hit the nail on the head when you advised me against traveling to Haiti.

182
Q

[agreement] I would go _____ ____ that.

A

[agreement] I would go along with that.

183
Q

[agreement] You’re s___ __.

A

You’re spot on.

184
Q

[partial agreement] I agree with you __ __ _ point, but we have to be practical.

A

I agree with you up to a point, but we have to be practical.

185
Q

[partial agreement] What you said is correct, __ ___ _ point.

A

[partial agreement] What you said is correct, up to a point.

186
Q

[disagreement] If you think I’m being cheap, you’re _______ ___ point. Every time we go out, I pay for everything.

A

If you think I’m being cheap, you’re missing the point. Every time we go out, I pay for everything.

187
Q

[disagreement] These measures are rather missing the point [= address the wrong issue, and so they won’t be effective]

A

These measures are rather missing the point

188
Q

What strategy can you use to soften this expression?

That doesn’t make sense __.

A

That doesn’t make sense to me.

189
Q

What strategies can you use to soften this expression?

I don’t agree with you.

A
  1. use modal verbs: I can’t agree / I wouldn’t agree.
  2. depersonalize: I don’t agree [without ‘with you’] or ‘I don’t agree with this’
  3. add ‘here’ or ‘there’: I can’t agree with you there.
190
Q

What strategies can you use to soften this expression?

You’re missing the whole point.

A
  1. Make the expression more subjective by add a ‘me’ statement: I feel like you’re missing the whole point.
  2. Make the expression more subjective by replacing ‘are’ with ‘seem to be’: You seem to be missing the whole point.
  3. add ‘here’ or ‘there’: You’re missing the whole point here.
191
Q

[Partial disagreement] To disagree, they often say ‘Yes, but…’

What expressions can you use instead of ‘Yes’?

A

Some examples:

You’ve got a point, but…

It’s true that … but ….

I see what you mean … but..

192
Q

[Partial disagreement] I see what you mean, but I __ feel that we can try harder. [a strategy to intensify what you’re saying.

A

..but on the other hand, I do feel that we can try harder.…

use do to intensify the ‘mental’ verbs: I do feel / I do believe / I do understand …

Zz_Empower C1 [Tue 20.00, Sat 18.00] (13 decks)

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