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ANAT + PHYS (9610) > UNIT 1: Intro > Flashcards

UNIT 1: Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane splits you into

A

front and back

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2
Q

sagittal plane splits you into

A

left and right

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3
Q

transverse (horizontal) plane splits you into

A

upper and lower body

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4
Q

anterior means …

A

towards the front

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5
Q

posterior means…

A

towards the back

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6
Q

medial means…

A

toward the midline

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7
Q

lateral means…

A

away from the midline

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8
Q

proximal means…

A

toward the center of the body

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9
Q

distal means …

A

away from the body

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10
Q

dorsal means…

A

situated near the back

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11
Q

ventral means…

A

situated near the front

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12
Q

ipsilateral means…

A

same side of the body

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12
Q

contralateral means…

A

opposite sides of the body

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13
Q

abduction means..

A

moving a limb away from the midline

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14
Q

adduction means…

A

moving a limb toward the midline

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15
Q

supination means …

A

turning the palm of the hand upward

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16
Q

pronation means …

A

turning the palm downward

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17
Q

aponeurosis means…

A

a thin sheath of CT that helps connect your muscles to your bones

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18
Q

fascia means…

A

thin casing of CT that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessels, bone, nerve fiber, and muscle in place

19
Q

ligament means …

A

fibrous CT that attaches bone to bone

20
Q

tendon means…

A

connects muscles to bones

21
Q

sheath means…

A

covers and protects

22
Q

raphe means…

A

derived from the word seam - intersection in a tissue or organ bw 2 separate parts

23
Q

condyle of a bone is…

A

an articular prominence of a bone - articulates w other bones

24
Q

protuberance is ..

A

swelling, bulging or protruding parts of bone

25
Q

symphysis is …

A

a joint in which the body of one bone meets the body of another

26
Q

tubercle is …

A

a small rounded protuberance

27
Q

facet is …

A

a smooth flat surface that forms a gliding joint w another flat bone or facet

28
Q

suture is …

A

the seams of the bones of the skull for example

29
Q

fissure is …

A

an open slit in a bone that usually houses nerves and blood vessels

30
Q

fossa is…

A

a shallow depression on the bone surface which may receive an articulating bone or act to support soft tissue structures

31
Q

foramen

A

an opening that allows the passage of structures from one region to another

32
Q

meatus

A

a passage or opening

33
Q

sinus

A

a cavity, space, or channel in the body

33
Q

what are the 4 basic tissue types that combine to for structures involved in communication?

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

34
Q

epithelial tissue

A

covers surface of the body, lines passages/cavities communicating w external enviro, comprised of many cells and little extracellular material … avascular (No blood vessels)

35
Q

connective tissue

A

glue of the body - comprised of cells and fibrous matrix - dense (tightly packed fibres) vs loose - and regular (fibres in parallel rows) vs irregular

36
Q

dense CT includes

A

tendons, aponeurosis, ligaments, fascia

37
Q

loose CT includes

A

areolar (bed for the skin) + adipose (fat storing cells)

38
Q

what are the 3 types of specialized CTs

A

blood, cartilage, bone

39
Q

what is blood made of

A

cells = erythrocytes + leukocytes, matrix = serum

40
Q

what is cartilage made of

A

cells = chondrocytes, matrix = gelatinous

41
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline - most abundant (ribcage, larynx, nose), elastic - extremely flexible (outer ear, epiglottis), fibrous - thick parallel bundles (invertebral discs)

42
Q

what is bone made of

A

cells = osteocytes (osteoblasts and osteoclasts), matrix = dense bone matrix

43
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

striated (aka skeletal muscle, voluntary control), smooth (muscular portion of visceral organs/blood vessels, involuntary control), and cardiac (walls of the heart, involuntary control)

44
Q

basic function of a neuron

A

to communicate - generates an action potential - carries message to synapse w another neuron or another cell type - neurotransmitters can be excitatory or inhibitory

45
Q

what are the 3 anatomical building blocks

A

organ - functional unit comprised of 2 or more types of tissue
system - functional unit combination of 2 or more organs
process - multiple systems functioning together

ANAT + PHYS (9610) (16 decks)

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