Unit 1 Instructor notes Flashcards
OUTLINE
- Intro to Assessment
- Preliminary Assessment
- Indirect Assessment
- Descriptive Assessment
- Outcomes
Behavioral Assessment
*Systematically gathering information to make treatment decisions
•Purpose:
–Determine if intervention is needed
–Inform the treatment plan
–Evaluate effectiveness
Assessment Includes
*Preliminary screening
•Indirect assessment
•Direct observation/Descriptive Assessment
•Systematic manipulation/ Functional Analysis
Methods for Assessment
- Interviews
- Checklists
- Observations
- Systematic Manipulations
ABA Service delivery model
- Assess
- Develop
- Train
- Implement
- Monitor and evaluate
- Revise
Preliminary Assessment
*Broad in Scope; Low in fidelity
*Goals:
–Gather basic information
–Determine if behavioral services are needed or others
–Recommend a plan
*Steps in Preliminary Assessment
- Consent
- Resources
- Paperwork
- Records
- Meet and observe
- Document
Indirect Assessment
- Information gathered through verbal accounts, not through observation
- Scope:–Broad but narrowing
- Fidelity:–Low but rising
Indirect Assessment
Types
- Records review
- Structural Forms
- Interviews
Descriptive Assessments
- Observing and measuring behavior in the natural environment
- Scope:–Medium (but narrowing)–Focus on specific behavior; includes observations
Descriptive Assessments
•Observing and measuring behavior in the natural environment
•Scope:–Medium (but narrowing)–Focus on specific behavior
*Fidelity:
-Low- Medium (but rising)
-Includes observations, but not manipulations
Descriptive Assessment
Types
- Narrative recording
- ABC data collection
- Scatterplot
- Data collection across conditions
Narrative recording
*Observer writes descriptions of behavior and environment in real time
•Gives information about context
•Can identify additional targets
ABC data collection
*Observer records what happens immediately before a response; the response itself; and what happens after the response
•Can uses coded forms or open ended
•Narrower scope than narrative recording
Scatterplots
Records the occurrence of behavior across hours of the day, and days of the week
Data Collection Across Conditions
- Record occurrences of behavior in different naturally occurring contexts
- Looking for when behavior is likely to occur
- And when it is unlikely to occur
Outcomes
- Ultimate outcomes
- Intermediate outcomes
- Short-term objectives
- All should be measurable
Intermediate outcomes
- Smaller goals that lead to achieving ultimate outcome
- Could be sequential or concurrent
Short-term outcomes
- Specific change in response or behavior
* These lead to intermediate outcomes
Assessments that involve asking about behavior, but not observing behavior are called what?
a. Indirect Assessments b.Descriptive Assessments
c. Functional Analyses
a. Indirect Assessments
Lisa is working with a new client, she is about to train relevant people on how to carry out the procedures. What should she have already done?
a. Conducted assessments
b. Developed the plan
c. Implemented the plan
d. Monitored the implementation
a. Conducted assessments
b. Developed the plan
Maddie is about to meet a client and begin initial observations. What should she have already completed in her screening process?
a. Reviewed records
b. Completed documentation
c. Completed intake paperwork
d. Ensured consent
a. Reviewed records
c. Completed intake paperwork
d. Ensured consent
Preliminary screening will include a wide range of behavior and situations, meaning it is:
a. Broad in scope
b. Narrow in scopec.High in fidelity
d. Low in fidelity
a. Broad in scope
Indirect assessments begin to focus in on more specific situations and behavior, meaning:
a. Scope was narrow, but is becoming broad
b. It has the narrowest scope
c. Scope is still broad but begins to narrow
c. Scope is still broad but begins to narrow
Brenda gives a caregiver a form to fill out with questions regarding situations in which problem behavior is likely to occur. Which type of assessment tool is she using?
a. Interview
b. Records review
c. Structured form
d. Preliminary assessment
c. Structured form
Which describes records review?
a. Having a teacher fill out a questionnaire
b. Looking through previous reports
c. Asking a staff member to describe situations
d. Observing a client in the natural environment
b. Looking through previous reports
Dawn sits down with a caregiver and asks them questions about times of the day that are the most difficult and has them describe what typically occurs. What assessment tool is this?
a. Narrative recording
b. ABC recording
c. Interview
d. Records review
c. Interview
ASRWhich is an example of ABC recording?
Dawn writes, “Instructed to ‘clean up’ as and antecedent; “Dropped to the floor and cried” as a behavior; and “Placed into time out” as a consequence
Frankie is collecting data on when to behavior occurs. He has a form which breaks the day into 15 minute bins, and he will collect across several days. Which assessment tool is Frankie using?
a. ABC recording
b. Narrative recording
c. Scatterplot
d. Data collection across conditions
c. Scatterplot
Which have narrower scope?
a. Indirect assessments
b. Descriptive assessments
b. Descriptive assessments
Travis is counting the number of times his client hits peers during recess as well as how often his client his peers during structured time inside. Which assessment tool is Travis using?
a. Data collection across context
b. Narrative recording
c. Scatterplot
d. ABC data collection
a. Data collection across context
Why are descriptive assessments higher fidelity than indirect assessments?
a. Indirect assessments use systematic manipulations
b. Indirect assessments are narrower in scope
c. Descriptive assessments ask about specific behavior types
d. Descriptive assessments use observations in real-time
d. Descriptive assessments use observations in real-time
Rodney wants a job at the local zoo. He has been working towards following his daily schedule. Lately, the BCBA has a program in place to develop setting an alarm. What is the ultimate outcome?-Employed by the zoo
a. What is the ultimate outcome?-Employed by the zoo
b. What is the intermediate outcome?-Follows his daily schedule
c. What is the short-term objective?-Sets an alarm
Behavioral (Functional) Assessment
*A systematic gathering of information to make data-based decisions, regarding behavior and the environment
Functional Assessment: Purpose
- To Determine if problem exists–Determine whether or not to intervene
- Describe Behavior and environment - Observable/ measurable behavior (not a symptom)
- Determine/describe Functional relations–Bx is situation specific
Functional Assessment: Purpose
Continued
- Provide info needed for Behavior plans–Where/ how/when to intervene
- Monitor Program implementation –On-going assessment
- Evaluate treatment effectiveness
- Evaluate maintenance and generalization
Indirect Assessment
-Recored Review, pencil in & Paper tools (Questionnaires), Functional (behavioral) interview
Direct/ Descriptive Assessment
-Direct Observation, Narrative Recording, ABC recording (Sequence analysis), Scatterplot (Pattern analysis)
Functional Analysis
- Scope: Range of info gathered & degree of focus on the issue in an assessment
- What did the assessment focus on?
- Fidelity: quality of the information provided by assessment in terms of behavioral function–was the assessment accurate?
Behavioral assessments are meant to do all of the following except:
A. describe behavior and the environment
B. determine functional relationships
C. contribute to a diagnosis
D. evaluate maintenance and generalizationE.all of the above are correct
C. contribute to a diagnosis
Behavior assessments are performed in order to decide:
A. where to intervene B. how to intervene C. what functional relations are salient to the problem D. whether or not to intervene E. all of the above
E. all of the above
Functional Assessment Overview
- Referral
- Intake/ Screening
- Initial general disposition
- Preliminary statement of problem
- Indirect assessment measures
- Direct assessment measures
- Functional analysis-if indicated
- Assessment summary/ report
Preliminary Assessment
Initial assessment phase
- Initial assessment phase where the broad outline of the case and details of the presenting problem are first evaluated
- Broad scope, low fidelity
Preliminary Assessment
Screening
–What’s the problem?
–Are behavioral services appropriate?
–Am I qualified?
Preliminary Assessment
- Determine who has authority to give consent
* Confirm that you have permission, skills, time & resources to begin assessment
Preliminary Assessment
-Identify Problem
–Skill deficit/”Can’t do”–Performance problem
•Won’t do”
•Does, but no mastery/fluency/adequate frequency
Preliminary Assessment•
•Are ABA services needed?
–Other services may be required first (e.g., medical, counseling, etc), and would require referral
–Problem may not be behavior problem, may not be with person referred, may not be significant enough, or may not have necessary support and resources
Preliminary Assessment
- Are ABA services needed?–If appropriate, determine whether to
- take the case
- identify simple changes that may reduce need for services
- begin to identify outcomes
Preliminary Assessment
•Complete intake paperwork •Records review •Meet and begin observations –Establish rapport –Conduct preliminary interview –Informal observations –Describe services, contract –Get consent signatures •Document
The preliminary assessment phase is: A. Broad in scope and low in fidelity B. Broad in scope and high in fidelity C. Narrow in scope and low in fidelity D. Narrow in scope and high in fidelity
A. Broad in scope and low in fidelity
Bindi has received a referral regarding an eight year-old child who engages in aggressive behavior at home. She has discussed this case with the child’s mother, and has determined that it does indeed seem to be a behavior problem, and that behavioral services are appropriate. What does Bindi need to determine next?
D. Whether she is qualified and available to take the case
Indirect Assessment
- “Tell me”methods
- A process in which information is gathered on behavior through descriptions and recollections rather than through direct observation
- Used mostly in preliminary stages
- May be conducted in office
- Broad-medium scope, low-medium fidelity
Indirect Assessment
- Record reviews
- Interviews
- Paper-&-pencil questionnaire
Indirect Assessment:Records Review
Gather information on current/past behavioral repertoire, environmental factors, and medical history
–Evaluations/assessment
–Support Plans, Treatment plans, IEP, etc.
–Activity/class schedule
–Progress notes
–Incident/”Disciplinary”reports
–Correspondence/e-mail
Indirect Assessment: Structured Forms
Functional Assessment Forms–Durand’s Motivational Assessment Scale (MAS)
–Iwata’s Functional Assessment screening Tool (FAST)
–Questions About Behavioral Function (QABF)
Indirect Assessment: Behavior (functional) interview
Consists of questions to ask within pre-selected topics (e.g., O’Neill, et al.)
•Identify, define, and describe: –Behavior –potential ecological events –events that predict behavior –potential function of behavior
Indirect Assessment:Behavior (functional) interview
Identify, define and describe
–efficiency of behaviors
–functionally equivalent alternative behavior, communication methods
–potential reinforcers
–history of person’s major life events and treatments
Indirect methods of assessment include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Narrative recording
B. interviewing parents or caregivers
C. direct interviews with the person doing the behavior
D. paper and pencil questionnaires
A. Narrative recording
Matt has received a referral for a child who engages in aggressive behavior. He is now looking at past reports including IEPs, incident reports and past treatment plans. He is conducting_____.
A. ABC data collection B. Scatter plot C. Narrative recording D. Record reviews E. Interviews
D. Record reviews
Matt then schedules a meeting with the child’s parents. During this time he asks lots of questions regarding the behaviors of concern. He also uses the MAS and records the parent’s responses. Matt is conducting:
A. ABC data collection B. Scatter plot C. Narrative recording D. Record reviews E. Interviews
E. Interviews
During the interview, Matt asks the caregivers what types of things the child likes. He asks them about edible items, toys, activities, etc. Matt is most likely trying to identify:
A. Potential reinforcers
B. Potential function of the behavior
C. Items/events which may predict the occurrence of the behavior
D. None of the above: Matt is just making small talk to build rapport
A. Potential reinforcers
The question: “Are there certain times or events that you know will lead to the child behaving this way” is attempting to assess:
a) Diagnosis
b) Antecedents
c) Topography
d) Consequences
b) Antecedents
Direct Descriptive Assessment
- “Show me” methods
- “Sine qua non”: essential component to Bx assessment
- Process of observing bx as it occurs in real time & the Env in which Bx occurs
- Medium scope, low-medium fidelity
Direct Descriptive Assessment: Methods
- Narrative Recording
- ABC data collection
- Scatterplots
Narrative Recording
•Narrative recording aka Anecdotal Observation
–Observe individual’s behavior and environmental events for a specific amount of time
–Write down description of the environmental conditions under which the behaviors were emitted
•Loosely written, not easily quantified or graphed
ABC Data Collection
-Forms allow for collection data on behavior, antecedents, and consequences
•Examples:
–O’Neill, et al, Functional Observation Form
–Behavior Incident Report
–ABC Charting
–Other ABC forms…
ABC Data Collection
- These observations are done:
- In real time, in the natural environment
- By trained, independent, objective observers (as much as possible)
- Are noted immediately after bx occurs
Sequence Analysis
- A systematic presentation and examination of data regarding behavior and stimulus conditions in A-B-C format
- Done after narrative recording and/or ABC data collection
- Example: “When Johnny is denied requests, he will cry and scream. This often results in his gaining access to the requested activity.”
Scatter Plot
- A data collection form for problem behavior and the intervals of time the behavior occurs
- Provides graphic display of the data (grid)
- Used to identify patterns of responding in natural settings
Scatter Plot
Cont…d
•Using a scatter plot
–Break vertical axis into time intervals (activity schedule)
–Break horizontal axis into successive days
–Decide to use occurrence vs. nonoccurrence OR 3 discrete categories (none, low, high)
–Recording occurs at the end of the interval
Scatter Plot (cont…d)
•Interpreting scatter plot data
–When (in time) is behavior most vs. least likely to occur? What is going on during those times?
–IDs similarities in times when behavior occurs
Pattern Analysis
- Systematic presentation and/or examination of data regarding problem behavior and its conditions (based on scatterplot)
- ID the variations in when problem behavior occurs in relation to certain time frames and certain stimulus conditions
Pattern Analysis
Example
“Tantrums and aggression are most likely to occur during morning and evening routines at home; aggression only occurs following tantrums.”
Data Collection across Conditions
•Assessment of the probability of behavior within different environmental contexts
•No systematic manipulation
•Analyze conditions under which behavior tends to occur
–Identifying EOs, SDs, and reinforcers
Which of the following are not direct assessment methods?
A. ABC data collection B.Scatterplot C.Narrative recording D.Interviews E.All are direct measurement methods
D. Interviews
“The teacher is lecturing the class. Johnny is drawing in his notebook. The teacher tells him to get on task. A minute later, Johnny throws a piece of paper at the child next to him. The teacher tells Johnny to take his chair and go sit in the hallway”. This is most likely the result of which assessment procedure?
A.ABC data collection
B.Scatterplot
C. Narrative recording
D. Interviews
C. Narrative recording
“When the teacher lectures to the class, Johnny engages in disruptive behaviors, This typically results in being placed out of the class.”This statement represents a:
A. Functional Analysis
B. Pattern Analysis
C. Sequence Analysis
D. Reinforcer assessment
C. Sequence Analysis
“Johnny is most likely to engage in disruptive behavior from 10-11AM, and 1-2PM. ”This is most likely the result of which assessment procedure?
A. ABC data collection
B. Scatterplot
C. Narrative recording
D. Interviews
B. Scatterplot
“Johnny is most likely to engage in disruptive behavior from 10-11AM, and 1-2PM.”This statement represents a(n):
A. Functional Analysis
B. Pattern Analysis
C. Sequence Analysis
D. Reinforcer assessment
B. Pattern Analysis
“Johnny is most likely to engage in targeted behaviors during Math and Social Studies. Verbal aggression and physical aggression often occur concurrently.” This statement represents a:
A. Functional Analysis
B. Pattern Analysis
C. Sequence Analysis
D. Reinforcer assessment
B. Pattern Analysis
When conducting direct assessment, it is determined that before Chad exhibits disruptive behavior in the classroom, blurting out comments such as “I can’t do it!”, he often makes several grunts and pounds his desk. In relation to the disruptive behavior, Chad’s grunts and pounding represent:
A. An antecedent
B. A consequence
C. A precursor
D. A competing response topography
C. A precursor
Ultimate and Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate outcomes are big picture, lifestyle changes for the individual
–Long-term
–Reflect: choice, access to reinforcers, avoidance of aversive stimuli, health/safety, Interpersonal relationships, variety of activities, etc.
–Related to: Home, work/school, leisure
Ultimate and Intermediate Outcomes
•Intermediate outcomes are descriptions of behavior change that will lead to the ultimate outcome
–May be sequential, or concurrent
•From these, we can select specific skills for acquisition and develop task analyses!•How is behavior related to outcomes? Behavior LEADS to outcomes!
Short Term Objectives
Objective, measurable behavioral targets leading to the meeting of intermediate objectives.
Short Term Objectives
- Name of consumer
- Target behavior for change
- Type of measurement used
- Direction of change
- Current level of bx
- Target level of bx
- Success criteria (time over which target level must be obtained in order for the objective to be considered as met)
- Target date for reaching the success criteria
Short Term Objectives
-“Client will (direction of change) (Measure) of (Target Bx) from (current level) to (target level) (context or conditions) for (Success criterion) by (target date or length of time)”
Short Term Objectives
E.g.
“Bobby will decrease rate of hand biting from 6 per day to 2 per day for three consecutive months by 12/31/2007.”
Sage will take out the garbage with 100% independence for 6 consecutive weeks.
A. Type of measurement used B. Direction of change C. Current level of behavior D. Target level of behavior E. Success criterion F. Target date for reaching the success criteria
B. Direction of change
C. Current level of behavior
F. Target date for reaching the success criteria
Sage will increase the percent of steps completed independently while taking out the garbage from 50% to 100% for 6 consecutive weeks by September 30
Bob will decrease cursing in the group home for two consecutive months by 12/31.
A. Type of measurement used B. Direction of change C. Current level of behavior D. Target level of behavior E. Success criterion F. Target date for reaching the success criteria
A. Type of measurement used
C. Current level of behavior
D. Target level of behavior
Rewrite!
Bob will decrease rate of cursing in the group home from 10x/day to 2x/day for two consecutive months by 12/31.
Tom will increase the rate of appropriate manding at school from 0 per day to once per day by the end of the school year.
A. Type of measurement used B. Direction of change C. Current level of behavior D. Target level of behavior E. Success criterion F. Target date for reaching the success criteria
E. Success criterion
Rewrite!
Tom will increase the rate of appropriate manding at school from 0 per day to once per day for 4 consecutive weeks, by the end of the school year.
Behavioral Assessment
A way to systematically gather information to make data-based decisions, regarding behavior and the environment
Purpose of Behavioral Assessment
- Does a problem exist? (If yes- does it warrant intervention?)
- Describe bx & env
- Pinpoint Functional relations
- Provide functional relations
- Provide info that informs bx plans
- Monitor program implementation
- Evaluate treatment effectiveness
- Evaluate maintenance & Generalization
Which of the follow is NOT one of the 3 behavioral assessment methods:
A) Preliminary indirect assessment
B) Psychological assessment
C) Direct descriptive assessment
D) Functional analysis
B) Psychological assessment
Functional Assessment
Scope
Refers to the RANGE of information gathered and degree of focus on the issue in an assessment
•How much info can we get?•What was the assessment focused on?
Functional Assessment
Fidelity:
The ACCURACY of information gathered in an assessment
•Really has to do with validity and reliability
Referral Problem
- What brought the case to you?
- Why are you being asked to provide services on this case?
- So, you have to look at the referral (the issues) to see if it is appropriate case for you
- There are different categories of different types of problems
A skill deficit is also known as:
A)“Can’t do” problem
B)“Won’t do” problem
A. “Can’t do” Problem
= Performance problem
Preliminary Assessment
AKA “Screening”
•Initial assessment phase where the broad outline of the case and details of the presenting problem are first evaluated.
- Does this case belong here? Is it appropriate for me to take on?
- If the answer is yes, then next step is to figure out what assessments would be useful for this case?
Preliminary Assessment
*Scope = Broad
Why? cuz we get a lot of info across a broad range of topics & bxs
*Fidelity = Low
Why? cuz info widely varies in value & accuracy
Preliminary assessment steps
- Determine who has the authority to give consent for services
- Determine if you have the permission, skills, time, and resources to begin the assessment AND to provide the follow-up behavioral services
- Complete initial intake paperwork or the equivalent (mainly clerical)
Preliminary Assessment Steps
- Initial review of available records/ data
5. Meet the client, if appropriate, for initial observations 6. Document the“disposition”
Why does the preliminary assessment have a broad scope?
-Because it assess a WIDE range of behaviors
•And the fidelity is LOW because INFO VARIES in value and ACCURACY
Susan is in the middle of a preliminary assessment. She just finished completing the initial intake paperwork. What should she do next?
A) Determine who has the authority to give consent
B) Document the disposition
C) Review available records and data
D) Determine if she has the skills and time to being assessment
C) Review available records and data
The very first step of the preliminary assessment is to:
A) Accept case with a smile on your face
B) Meet the client and complete initial observations
C) Determine who has the authority to give consent
D)Complete the in take paperwork
C) Determine who has the authority to give consent
Indirect Assessment
- A process in which information is gathered on behavior through DESCRIPTIONS & RECOLLECTIONS rather than through direct observations •Hence “tell me methods”
- Use this in preliminary stages •Scope: Broad-medium •Fidelity: low-medium
Which of the following is NOTa type of indirect assessment method?
A) Records Review
B) Interviews
C) Scatterplot
D) Questionnaires
C) Scatterplot
Behavioral Interview
- Series of questions posed by a behavior analyst to caregiver/ guardian/teacher etc. (individual who is familiar with the behavior of the client)
- Pre selected topics
- Structured sequence
Behavioral Interview: the process
- Prior to interview•Which instrument? Who? Where? When? Make an appointment
- Beginning of interview
- Build rapport, informally observe
- During an interview
- Ask open-ended questions, follow-up questions, Acknowledge responses, write notes or record
- After interview
- Review notes/recording(s), summarize the findings, decide whether to continue with behavioral assessment
Tina the BCBA gives the parents of her client each a copy of the MAS to fill out on their own and independently. What assessment is Tina using?
A) Records review
B) Behavioral interview
C) Questionnaire/structured form
C) Questionnaire/ structured form
Tara is looking at previous VBMAPP results for a potential client. The VBMAPP she is looking at was conducted a year ago. What assessment is Tara using?
A) Records review
B) Behavioral interview
C) Questionnaire/structured form
A) Records review
Snoopy the BCBA meets with his client’s teacher to discuss dangerous behavior the client started engaging in recently. Snoopy begins by thanking the teacher for taking the time out of their busy day to meet with him and praises her for how she has handled the situation thus far. Snoopy then asks the teacher a variety of open-ended questions. What assessment is Snoopy using?
A) Records review
B) Behavioral interview
C) Questionnaire/structured form
B) Behavioral interview
Direct Descriptive Assessment
Process of direct observation and measurement of behavior and the environment where the behavior occurs
•AKA “Show me” methods
•YOU HAVE TO USE THIS–otherwise you are NOT doing BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
Direct Descriptive Assessment
- Medium but narrowing scope, low-medium but rising fidelity
* Behavior is observed & measured in REAL-LIFE context with NO ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATIONS!
•Direct descriptive assessment has…
A) Medium but narrowing scope; low to medium fidelity
B) Medium but narrowing fidelity; low to medium scope
•Direct descriptive assessment has…
A) Medium but narrowing scope; low to medium fidelity
B) Medium but narrowing fidelity; low to medium scope
A) Medium but narrowing scope; low to medium fidelity
Narrative Recording
- AKA anecdotal observation
- Written description of behavior and environmental conditions under which those behaviors occur over time
- Purpose: gather information about the setting, context, other events, problem behavior etc.
- NO INFERENCES
- Scope: Medium but broadens out
- Fidelity:low-medium
ABC data collection
What is it: observer records ALL occurrences of TB(s), antecedents & consequences
- Purpose:
- 1) Collect info on antecedents and consequences
- 2) Identifies themes in sequences
- 3) Helps hypothesize function
- Scope: medium band (narrower than narrative recording)
- Fidelity: medium
Sequence analysis
•Examination of narrative or ABC recording data to IDENTIFY the ORDER of environmental events in relation to a target behavior
- What do we get out of it?
- IS THERE A SEQUENCE OF EVENTS THAT PREDICTABLE?
Scatterplot
Data collection form for recording the times of day which a TB has occurred (typically dividing days of the week into blocks of time)
Scatterplot
Purpose:
- Identify patterns of responding in the natural setting
- Doesn’t tell us anything about potential functions
- Answers more of the question, “WHEN” is the behavior occurring
- Scope: Medium-narrow band
- Fidelity:Low-medium
Using a Scatterplot
- Super easy to create and use•Break vertical axis into time intervals (context or activities)
- Break horizontal axis into successive days•Are you going to use simple occurrence or nonoccurence per given interval? Or will you use discrete categories?•Recording is done at the end of each interval•After being filled out, you get a graphic display of data in a grid format
Pattern Analysis
- This is what we do to interpret a scatterplot
- Examination of scatterplot data to identify specific time frames and potential environmental contexts/activities under which behavior occurs or does not occur
A ______ informs a pattern analysis while ______ and _______ inform a sequence analysis
A) ABC data collection; narrative recording and scatterplot
B) Scatterplot; ABC data collection and narrative recording
B) Scatterplot; ABC data collection and narrative recording
Data collection across conditions
- Collecting data on TB across different contexts and conditions (no systematic manipulation)
- You are basically taking data in different settings and/ or conditions to see what is the likelihood of the behavior occurring in those settings/ conditions (e.g., school versus home; math class versus gym class)•Analyze conditions under which behavior tends to occur•Identifying EOs, SDs, and reinforcers
Andy is a BCBA and is observing his client, Milo. Andy collects data on the target behavior at home (with and without parents in the same room), at school, and at grandma’s house. Andy is attempting to identify the likelihood of the TB occurring in those settings and under those conditions. Which assessment method is Andy using?
A) Narrative recording
B) Data collection across conditions
C) ABC data collection
D) Scatterplot
B) Data collection across conditions
Miranda is assessing her client, Patty’s compliance at home. Patty tends to stay on her computer after her mother delivers an instruction (e.g., come to dinner, take a shower etc.) Miranda gives Patty’s mom a data sheet to fill out for her to help in this assessment. The data sheet is broken up into 3 columns. In the first column, mom should write down exactly what she told Patty to do. Mom will wait 20 seconds for a response. In the second column, she will write down what Patty did. In the third column she will write down exactly what she said/did in response to Patty’s response to her request. Which assessment method is Miranda using?
C. ABC data collection
Nick the BCBA works with his client in a center 1:1. Recently teachers at school reported that his client was engaging in dangerous behaviors in the classroom. Nick goes into the school to do an observation of his client while in the classroom. Nick writes down anything he sees or hears over a 2 hours observation period. He writes down things like who is client was playing with, the activities, who he shares a table with, what kind of work he had to complete, attention provided by the teacher or lack-thereof etc. Which assessment is Nick using?
A. Narrative recording
