Instructor's notes Flashcards
Targeting a student’s attitude in class would be an example of a(n) OBJECTIVE or SUBJECTIVE measure.
-Subjective
Which would be an objective measure to replace the student’s “attitude” in class?
A. How happy the student is in class
B. How many times the student makes comments
like “I hate this”
C. The student’s tone of voice and agitation level
B. How many times the student makes comments
like “I hate this”
Behavior-analytic assessments will never include subjective measures.
A. True
B. False
B. False
- Behavior-analytic assessments will always include objective measures but may supplement with subjective, particularly in measures of social validity
- Not sufficient, but necessary (Baer et al., 1987)
When behavior analysts attempt to identify if the participants, caregivers, and other consumers consider the intervention acceptable, we are assessing the social validity of the:
A. Goals
B. Procedures
C. Results
B. Procedures
Tucker is assessing the social validity of the goals selected for his client. He decides it is important to include the teacher, his client’s parent, and a sibling. Which step for conducting a social validity assessment does this describe?
A. Collect and summarize the data
B. Identify what to assess
C. Identify who will be conducting the assessment
D. Identify who will be evaluating
D. Identify who will be evaluating
Social Validity OF Goals
- Broad social goals - E.g. Make Friends
- Behavioral categories - Ex Skills for conversation
- Discrete responses - EX. Asking appropriate Q
John is a 45-year-old man who resides in a group home. The employees are concerned because John curses and refuses to cooperate when they direct him to shower. Which of the following would be a socially valid goal for John?
John will:
A. Follow staff directions 100% of the time
B. Independently initiate and take a shower
C. Reduce cursing to zero incidents a month
B. Independently initiate and take a shower
Methods for Assessing Social Validity
- Indirect Technique: Interviews, Questionnaires, Rating Scales
- Direct Techniques Normative comparison and Norm-ref’d assessment
Which of the following is a direct method for assessing the social validity of goals?
A. Normative comparison B. Norm-referenced assessment C. Rating scales D. All of the above E. A and B but not C
E. A and B but not C
You are working with a young child in a classroom, attempting to decrease call-outs. When selecting a target level of behavior, you observe her same- age peers and collect data on the rate of call-outs. This is a(n) ___ technique for meas. the SV of ___.
A. Direct; goals
B. Direct; procedures
C. Indirect; goals
D. Indirect; procedures
A. Direct; goals
*What direct method? Normative comparison
Assessing Risks & Benefits
- Reconcile with Key parties
- General Risk factors of Tx
- Benefits of Tx
- Risks for each procedure
You work with a student in her classroom. You are concerned about the fact that the student’s teacher has stated he does not agree with delivering reinforcers because of the negative effects of extrinsic motivation. Which risk factor?
A. Client and stakeholder buy-in B. Liability to the behavior analyst C. Nature of the behavior D. Risk to others E. Sufficient personnel
A. Client and stakeholder buy-in
Ongoing Assessments Including Treatment Integrity
Social Validity of Procedures
- Comprehensive Tx program: Ex. Reducing prob Bx
- Components of the program Ex. Fx comm. training
- Specific Bx procedures Ex. Using Extinction
Lily is a 5-yr-old who does not stay in her seat and runs around her classroom. She screams when her teachers attempt to physically guide her to do work. Which would be a socially valid procedure?
A. Assist Lily with completing a task using hand-over- hand prompting before allowing her to run around
B. Place preferred items at the table and attending to Lily when she comes and engages with them
C. Seat Lily in a high-chair with a seat-belt for the entire school day
B. Place preferred items at the table and attending to Lily when she comes and engages with them
Methods for Assessing Social Validity
- Indirect Techniques: Interviews, Questionnaires, Rating scales
- Direct Techniques: Participant preference, Sustained use
Before implementing a selected intervention, you ask your client’s parent to answer questions like, “How acceptable do you find the suggested procedures?” This is a(n) ___ meas. of SV of ___.
A. Direct; goals
B. Direct; procedures
C. Indirect ; goals
D. Indirect; procedures
D. Indirect; procedures
Can have a team member not involved in implementation conduct the assessment
Assessing Treatment Integrity
- Select which Tx
- Define steps of Tx
- Determine type of data (global or specific)
- Meas. implementation
- Compare data to criteria (train?)
Bella has created a data sheet that includes all the necessary steps to correctly implement the teaching procedure and plans to calculate a global score as the supervisee is proficient in the protocol. What is the next step Bella should do?
A. Compare data to criteria B. Define the steps of the treatment C. Determine the type of data to use D. Measure implementation E. Select which treatment to measure
D. Measure implementation
Bella’s supervisee, Charlie, is using a FR1 to teach the client beginner intraverbal skills. Charlie forgets to deliver the reinforcer on trial 3 after his client’s correct response. This is an example of which type of treatment integrity error?
A. Error of commission
B. Error of omission
C. Neither (not an error)
B. Intraverbal
Bella has collected data on her supervisee’s adherence to the teaching procedure and is analyzing the graph of % correct implementation. What step for assessing Tx integrity is she doing?
A. Compare data to criteria B. Define the steps of the treatment C. Determine the type of data to use D. Measure implementation E. Select which treatment to measure
A. Compare data to criteria
*What if there is low accuracy? Need to re-train
Assessments Conducted as Goals Are Reached
Social Validity of Results
- Proximal (Short-term) Ex. Reduce Prob Bx
- Intermediate: Ex. Able to go to park
- Distal (Long-term): Ex. Makes friends
Leslie is a 15-yr-old student with an intellectual disability. She has been receiving behavioral services through a social skills program so that she can expand and deepen her peer relations. Which would be a socially valid result? If Leslie:
A. Accurately answered all the therapist’s questions about how to be a good friend
B. Earned an A in the social skills program
C. Went to the roller-rink and exchanged phone numbers with a new friend
C. Went to the roller-rink and exchanged phone numbers with a new friend
Which of the following is an indirect method for assessing the social validity of results (outcomes)?
A. Questionnaires B. Rating scales C. Real-world test D. All of the above E. A and B but not C
E. A and B but not C
After providing services you ask your client’s teacher to fill out form indicating if she dis/agrees with statements like, ”The student is engaged in academic work tasks, sitting appropriately, and attending.” You are using a(n) ___ technique for measuring the social validity of ___.
A. Direct; goals
B. Direct; results
C. Indirect; goals
D. Indirect ; results
D. Indirect; results