Unit 1 - Ideologies Flashcards
Principles of Collectivism
Economic Equality, Public Property, Cooperation, Collective Responsibility, Collective Interest
Economic Equality
Progressive taxes, wealth redistribution, social programs
Cooperation
Democracy, Civic Responsibility
Collective Interest
Labour Unions, NGO’s
Collective Responsibility
Enviro. stewardship, corporate resonsibility
Public Property
Nationalized (state owned) industries
Principles of Individualism
Private Property, Rule of Law, Individual Rights and Freedoms, Competition, Economic Freedom, Self-interest
Private Property
Any property or business owned by an individual, an individual can own and sell land/resources
Rule of Law
Believes that no one is above the law, all citizens are equal before the law
Individual Rights/Freedoms
Freedom of religion, association, and the right to life, liberty and security
Economic Freedom
Freedom to buy what you want and to sell your labour/idea/product to whoever, reduce trade barriers, lower taxes for corporations, prices based on suppy and demand
Competition
Leads to better prices for the consumer, ensures no company will have a monopoly, poor/inefficient ideas fail
Self-interest
May serve the community by improving products and services, people will innovate when motivated by profit
Adam Smith
Founder of capitalism/invisible hand, wealth of nations,laissez faire (market guides itself/hands off)
Flat Tax
Everyone pays the same rate no matter how much you make
What ideology is flat tax an example of?
Individualism
Progressive Taxation
The higher your income, the higher percentage you pay
The purpose of taxation is for gov’t’s to…
Generate revenue, redistribute wealth, stimulate economy
What ideology is progressive taxation an example of?
Collectivism
What are some beliefs that revolve around economic equality?
people should earn equal wages for similar work value, receive a guaranteed income, share in the wealth of the country
What foundations does collective interest set?
Labour/social movement, human rights groups
Tommy Douglas
Father of public healthcare, founded NDP, believed in solid safety net for citizens
Tommy Douglas: Individualist or collectivist?
Collectivist
Milton Freidmen
Little gov’t control, deregulation, economic freedom leads to growth and opprotunity
Milton Freidmen: Individualist or collectivist?
Indiviualist
Rousseau
People are born good but corrupted by society, social contract, direct democracy, private property leads to jealousy, greed etc
Rousseau: Indiviualist or collectivist?
Collectivist
John Locke
Life, liberty and property, humans are intelligent and reasonable, gov’t consent determined by majority, gov’t role is to protect life and liberty ONLY, representative democracy
John Locke: Individualist or collectivist?
Individualist
Thomas Hobbes
People are brutish/self-serving, give up security to King/Queen to protet yourself, with security you can life how you wish
Thomas Hobbes: Individualist or collectivist?
Individualist
Who believed society required a “Leviathan”?
Hobbes
What caused the decline in feudalism?
Printing press, englightenment thinkers, black plague, church reformation
Factors that influence your Ideology
Family, culture, gender, media, environment, spirituality, language, religion
Political spectrum deals with…
what extent a gov’t or state controls your everyday life
Economic spectrum deals with…
what extent a gov’t or state controls of regulates the economy
Divine Right of Kings
god has chosen the king and therefore has absolute power
Common Good
Something that benefits the public health, safety or well-being of society as a whole
Popular Consent
a fair government must derive its power from the people it governs
Direct Democracy
citizens participate directly in the decision making process
Social Contract
an unwritten agreement to obey certain rules in order to receive some form of benefit
Natural Rights
basic human rights that cannot be taken away
Representative Democracy
citizens elect a representative to make decisons on their behalf
Liberalism
believe in the freedom of the individual and their rights as a foundation of society
Extreme left-wing ideology
Radical (willing to use violence to enforce change), communisim
Extreme right-wing ideology
Reactionary (willing to use violence to keep traditions)
Center left-wing ideology
Liberal
Center right-wing ideology
Conservative
Rejects traditions; wants change
Radical
Open to change; violence is not acceptable
Moderate
Embraces traditons; rejects social progress
Reactionary
Embraces some collectivism to support social programs; values/protects individual rights
Liberal
Wants to keep the status quo or slow to no change; traditions are important
Conservative
Max economic control; max political freedom
Democratic socialism
Max economic freedom; max political freedom
Democratic capitalism
Max economic control; max political control
Communisim
Max economic freedom; max political control
Facism
Thought the rebellion against the gov’t was never justified
Hobbes
Believed all people are equal
Rousseau/Locke
Admired the “noble savage” that lived in state of nature
Rousseau
Rulers should be strong but englightened (protect individual rights)
Locke
Ideology
a set of principles and beliefs that explain your world
Egalitarianism
political principle that says all people should be treated as equal and allowed various rights under the law
