Chapter 7: The Cold War

Question 1

Who was the Cold War conflict between?

Answer 1

Soviets (communism) and the Americans (democratic lib)

Question 2

was to divide Berlin and Germany, divide Germany into 4 zones, spark cold war

Answer 2

Yalta and Potsdam conference

Question 3

to prevent the worldwide spread of communism

Answer 3

Truman Doctrine (also containment)

Question 4

spend billions on economic aid, military support, free trade

Answer 4

Marshall Plan

Question 5

Stalin imposed this that cut off all land and river transit between West Berlin and West Germany

Answer 5

Berlin Blockade

Question 6

USA airlifts supplies to West Berlin to maintain their influence

Answer 6

Berlin Airlift

Question 7

relies on collective security, defensive military alliance

Answer 7

NATO

Question 8

collective defense treaty, alliance among communist bloc, goal was to provide collective security and spread communism

Answer 8

Warsaw Pact

Question 9

territories and countries in which a powerful country dominates

Answer 9

Spheres of influence

Question 10

using financial influence to steer countries toward capitalism

Answer 10

Dollar imperialism

Question 11

once one country fell to an ideology, nearby countries would then follow

Answer 11

Domino theory

Question 12

the result when opposing powers use third parties as substitues for fighting each other directly

Answer 12

Proxy wars

Question 13

Examples of Proxy wars

Answer 13

Vietnam war, Korean war, Ajghanistan, Nicaragua/Guatemala

Question 14

a 13-day political standoff over the installation of nuclear armed Soviet missles in Cuba

Answer 14

Cuban Missle Crisis

Question 15

What did JFK enact to stop the Cuban Missle Crisis?

Answer 15

a naval blockade around Cuba

Question 16

How was the Cuban Missle Crisis avoided?

Answer 16

the US agreed to Soviet leader Khrushchev to in exchange remove the missles from Cuba to remove their missles in Turkey

Question 17

pushing your enemy to the brink of war to get what you want

Answer 17

Brinkmanship

Question 18

Example of brinkmanship

Answer 18

Cuban Missle Crisis

Question 19

the threat of retaliation discourages war

Answer 19

Deterence

Question 20

Example of deterence

Answer 20

arms race

Question 21

threat of nuclear war which could lead to destruction of both sides, and instead fight proxy wars

Answer 21

M.A.D

Question 22

American perspective of the issue of the CMC

Answer 22

viewed Soviet missles in Cuba as an invasion of their sphere of influence

Question 23

Soviet perspective on the issue of the CMC

Answer 23

Soviets wanted to protect Cuba from future invasions and were angry at the Americans for having missles in Turkey

Question 24

What was at stake regarding the CMC?

Answer 24

the potential for nuclear war and total annihilation, both understood that if they shot a nuclear weapon both would be destroyed

Question 25

What was the cause of the space race?

Answer 25

to prove their technological superiority by becoming the first nation to put a human into space

Question 26

What marked the start to the space race?

Answer 26

when the Soviets launched Sputnik 1

Question 27

Rosenburg case

Answer 27

Julius and Ethel Rosenburg were convicted of spying for the Soviet Union about American military weaponry, they became the first couple to be executed for espionage

Question 28

spying or use of spies to obtain political and military info

Answer 28

Espionage

Question 29

U-2 incident

Answer 29

the American govt set up U-2 spy plane over the Soviet Union which was then spotted and ordered to be shot down

Question 30

What was so significant about the Great Seal presentation to the US Ambassador?

Answer 30

it was found six years later that there had been a listening device planted inside

Question 31

the US being open to talks with the USSR leading to the thawing of the Cold War is an example of what?

Answer 31

Detente

Question 32

easing of hostility between two countries

Answer 32

Detente

Question 33

an example of detente where a group of Americans became the first group to get a peak inside China during a 10-day trip

Answer 33

ping-pong diplomacy

Question 34

What is SALT I and SALT II an example of?

Answer 34

detente

Question 35

discussions to restrain the arms race by reducing nuclear weapons

Answer 35

Salt 1 and Salt 2

Question 36

What was the cause of the US abandoning the SALT I and II treaties?

Answer 36

the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Question 37

Why did the Soviets invade Afghanistan?

Answer 37

to protect their sphere of influence

Question 38

more openness, transparency and allowing more freedom of the press

Answer 38

Glastnost

Question 39

promoting free-market incentives to factories and small businesses (embracing capitalism)

Answer 39

Perestroika

Question 40

At the end of the Cold War, what major event happened in 1990?

Answer 40

East and West Germany unite

Question 41

At the end of the Cold War, what major event happened in 1991?

Answer 41

Ukraine declares independence

Question 42

What other event would match the Marshall Plan?

Answer 42

Molotov plan

Question 43

What other event would match NATO?

Answer 43

Warsaw pact

Question 44

What other event would match the Soviet expansion in Europe?

Answer 44

Truman Doctrine

Question 45

What other event would match the Soviet inavsion of Afghanistan?

Answer 45

SALT agreements not ratified

Question 46

What are the goals of foreign policy?

Answer 46

maintain sphere of influence and ensure global stability and peace

Question 47

political persecution of anyone who was thought or deemed to be a communist, and public campaigning spreading fear on communist influence in the US

Answer 47

McCarthyism

Question 48

What can McCarthyism be taken as?

Answer 48

illiberalism

Question 49

exaggerated or uncontrollable emotion/excitement

Answer 49

Hysteria

Question 50

a list of persons who are disapproved of or are to be punished or boycotted

Answer 50

Blacklist

Question 51

an attempt to find and punish a particular group of people who are being blamed for something

Answer 51

Witch Hunt