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Social 30-1 > Chapter 10 - Political Challenges to Liberalism > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Political Challenges to Liberalism Flashcards

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1
Q

Advantages of Democracy

A

Rights and freedoms, active citizenship, informed public, protects minorities

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2
Q

Disadvantages of Democracy

A

Inefficient, bureaucratic, run by elite groups, voter apathy

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3
Q

Characteristics of Democracy

A

Majority rule, citizen participation, limits on dissent, multiple political parties

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4
Q

Dissent

A

Oppose/disagree

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5
Q

Bureaucratic

A

the business of running an organization or government

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6
Q

Pre-requisites of Democracy

A

Reg elections, secret ballot, leadership changes, choice among candidates

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7
Q

Direct Democracy

A

where citizens participate directly in decision making

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8
Q

Two issues with direct democracy

A

Time consuming and expensive for a big group of citizens to gather, and individuals are very busy and might not have the time to partake

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9
Q

Inititative

A

citizens draw up a petition and if enough people sign, it can force a public vote

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10
Q

Referendums and Plebiscites

A

a direct vote by citizens on a law as opposed to representatives and usually reserved for important decisions

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11
Q

Representative Democracy

A

citizens elect a candidate to make decisons on their behalf

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12
Q

Non-confidence vote

A

bills of importance must be passed or executive must step down

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13
Q

What else is a single member constituency called?

A

First past the post

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14
Q

What is a single member constituency?

A

where candidates who pass a certain point in the
race with the highest number of votes in each of their ridings win

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15
Q

Riding

A

an electoral district

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16
Q

Bicameral system

A

two chambers (HOF and senate)

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17
Q

How is it determined who will be in the senate?

A

appointed by the governor general by the recommendation of the prime minister

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18
Q

What does the senate do?

A

act as a sober second thought, offer amendments to bills passed by the HOC

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19
Q

Constitutional monarchy

A

queen as head of state

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20
Q

Parliamentary

A

actions associated with the HOC

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21
Q

Periodic elections

A

holding elections (within every four years)

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22
Q

Civil service

A

ex. jobs hired (not appointed) to fill roles in govt services

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23
Q

Opposition party

A

second largest party

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24
Q

Responsible government

A

the executive must respond to the wishes of the legislative branch

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25
Cabinet ministers
given special responsibilities
26
Caucus
meeting of all members of a party
27
Party (cabinet) solidarity
practice of party members to publically support policy
28
Party whip
responsible for discipline
29
Partisanship
act of following party policy
30
Bipartisan
two political parties cooperate on an issue
31
Non-partisan
joint efforts, not political
32
Who is apart of the executive branch in Canada?
governor general, prime minister and cabinet
33
Who is apart of the legislative branch in Canada?
senate and the house of commons
34
Who is apart of the judicial branch in Canada?
supreme court
35
Who is apart of the executive branch in America?
president (head of state and govt), vice president and cabinet (staff)
36
Who is apart of the legislative branch in America?
congress, house of representatives and senate
37
Who is apart of the judicial branch in America?
supreme court and lower courts
38
What does the executive branch do in Canada?
develops policies and introduces bills to transform the policies into law
39
What does the legislative branch do in Canada?
members of the senate and HOC review and pass bills which then become laws
40
What does the judicial branch do in Canada?
has the final say on laws and helps resolve conflicts related to laws
41
What makes Canada and America's democracy different?
Canada has a monarch, but the US is a republic country where there is no king or queen head of state
42
Republican
president is head of state
43
Presidential
involving actions and policies outlined by the President
44
Congressional
act of the House of Representative and the senate combined
45
Separation of power
having distinct powers for the different branches of govt which as a balance or control
46
Checks and balances
system designed to prevent any one group in govt from controlling the state
47
Fixed date elections
elections are held on designated days; the presidential election
48
Federalism
sharing powers; having a national govt and regional govts w/ their own responsibilites to rule the country
49
Veto
ability to override a decison
50
When can a veto be used in democracy in America?
the President can override a congressional bill, and congress can override that veto with a 2/3 vote
51
Filibuster
deliberate delay of passage of bill through long speeches, etc
52
Electoral college
voting for President is based on pop. and each state given so many electoral votes if they win the state
53
How may a judge be removed in the US?
by impeachment by the legislative branch
54
Enforces laws
executive branch
55
Makes laws
legislative branch
56
Interprets laws
judicial branch
57
Proportional representation
where citizens vote directly for a party, then representatives are assigned based on the amount of popular support gained
58
First Past The Post
where voters cast a vote for a single candidate, and the candidate with the most votes wins the election (single member constituency)
59
Pros of FPTP
stable majority govts, majority govts have the ability to ensure laws are efficiently passed, parties focus on many issues for a wide demographic
60
Pros of proportional representation
greater diversity in govt, less voter apathy, will of citizens more accurately reflected
61
Who does proportional representation tend to be helpful for?
smaller parties
62
Who does FPTP tend to be helpful for?
larger parties
63
Pros of Canada's demoncracy
majority govts get a lot done
64
Cons of Canada's democracy
instability/frequent elections with minority govts, majority govts can wield a lot of political power
65
Pros of America's democracy
checks and balances on power of the executive
66
Cons of America's democracy
deadlocks between executive and congress, lack of choice between two parties
67
Gerrymandering
the dividing of a country, province, etc., into election districts so as to give one political party a majority in many districts
68
Lobby groups
special interest groups who wield influence using financial means
69
Rep by pop
each citizen should have one vote, and each vote should have the same weight to it
70
Senate Reform in Canada
the senate was designed as a sober second thought to make sure the laws passed by the HOC were just, senates are appointed, not elected

Social 30-1 (9 decks)

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