Unit 1 Definitions

Question 1

Sensory nerves that carry information

Answer 1

Afferent nerves

Question 2

Controls involuntary action in PNS

Answer 2

Autonomic nervous system

Question 3

Decrease in muscle size

Answer 3

Atrophy

Question 4

Part of nervous system that includes brain and spinal cord

Answer 4

CNS

Question 5

Act or process of knowing, perceiving or remembering

Answer 5

Cognition

Question 6

Motor nerves that carry information

Answer 6

Efferent nerves

Question 7

Brief, spontaneous muscle twitching

Answer 7

Fasciculation

Question 8

Loss of movement due to lesion

Answer 8

Paralysis

Question 9

Abnormal sensation, typically tingling or pricking (“pins and needles”)

Answer 9

Paresthesia

Question 10

a. Pathologic changes resulting in functional disturbance in PNS
b. Also known as ________

Answer 10

a. Peripheral Neuropathy

b. Neuropathy

Question 11

Nervous system consists of cranial and spinal nerves

Answer 11

PNS

Question 12

The ability to sense stimuli arising within the body regarding position, motion, and equilibrium

Answer 12

Proprioception

Question 13

Stimulus-response by nervous system; does not need the intervention of conscious thought

Answer 13

Reflex

Question 14

Part of PNS that is associated with voluntary movements

Answer 14

Somatic Nervous System

Question 15

Measure of muscle’s resistance to stretching while in a passive resting state

Answer 15

Muscle tone

Question 16

Increase tone in muscle

Answer 16

Hypertonia

Question 17

Decrease tone in muscle

Answer 17

Hypotonia

Question 18

Abnormal muscle tone resulting in muscular spasm and abnormal posture

Answer 18

Dystonia

Question 19

Involuntary rhythmic movement

Answer 19

Tremor

Question 20

Problem in cerebellum; inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements

Answer 20

Ataxia

Question 21

The process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement

Answer 21

Motor control

Question 22

The process of improving motor skills through practice

Answer 22

Motor learning

Question 23

Relearning of movement lost due to injury

Answer 23

Recovery of function

Question 24

Capacity of the nervous system to develop new neuronal connections

Answer 24

Neuroplasticity