Unit 1: Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function

Question 1

the study of biological functions and how the body works

Answer 1

physiology

Question 2

the constancy of the internal environment

Answer 2

homeostasis

Question 3

The three parts of a negative feedback loop

Answer 3

1. Receptor
2. Integrating Center
3. Effector

Question 4

Acts as sensors to detect change and send information to integrating center

Answer 4

Receptor

Question 5

Asseses cvhange around a set point and sends instructions to the effector

Answer 5

integrating center

Question 6

muscles/glands which can make appropriate adjustments to counter change from the set point

Answer 6

Effector

Question 7

The end product in a process stimulates the process

Answer 7

Postive Feedback Loop

Question 8

The action amplifies the changes that stimulated the effectors

Answer 8

Positive Feedback Loop

Question 9

Two examples of positive feedback loops

Answer 9

Child Birth
Blood Clotting

Question 10

Cells within the same organ communicate with each other to change and signal appropriate responses

Answer 10

Intrinsic Regulation

Question 11

The brain or other organs regulate an organ using the endocrine or nervous system

Answer 11

Extrinsic Regulation

Question 12

Basic unit of structure and function of living things

Answer 12

Cell

Question 13

Group of similar cells that perform a similar function

Answer 13

tissue

Question 14

group of 2+ tissues in structural and functional units

Answer 14

organ

Question 15

Group of organs which work together to perform related functions

Answer 15

system

Question 16

Systems working together in coordination

Answer 16

organism

Question 17

Tissue’s function is contraction

Answer 17

Muscle TIssue

Question 18

Three types of Muscle Tissue

Answer 18

1. Skeletal
2. Cardiac
3. Smooth

Question 19

Muscle is typically found on bones

Answer 19

Skeletal

Question 20

Function is to contract to move joints and bone

Answer 20

Skeletal Muscle

Question 21

Appearance: Striated with many nuclei

Answer 21

Skeletal Muscle

Question 22

TIssue Function: Involuntary Contractions of Heart

Answer 22

Cardiac Muscle

Question 23

Tissue Location: Heart

Answer 23

Cardiac Muscle

Question 24

Tissue Appearance: Striated with short and branched fibers, usually 1 or 2 nuclei and intercalated discs

Answer 24

Cardiac Muscle

Question 25

Tissue Location: Hollow organs and gut

Answer 25

Smooth Muscle

Question 26

Tissue Function: Involuntary functions of hollow organs or gut

Answer 26

Smooth Muscle

Question 27

Coordinated, wave-like contractions of smooth muscle layers to move substances through organs

Answer 27

peristalsis

Question 28

Tissue appearance: not striated muscle tissue

Answer 28

Smooth muscle

Question 29

Tissue location: brain, spinal cord and nerves

Answer 29

Nervous Tissue

Question 30

Nervous tissue is made of 2 parts:

Answer 30

1. Neurons 2. Neuroglia

Question 31

Neurons are made of 3 parts:

Answer 31

1. Dendrites 2. Axons 3. Cell Body

Question 32

Function is to conduct impulses

Answer 32

neuron

Question 33

Short, highly branched, cytoplasmic extensions that receive signals

Answer 33

Dendrite

Question 34

Long, single extension that sends signal

Answer 34

Axon

Question 35

Metabolic center containing the nucleus of a neuron

Answer 35

Cell Body

Question 36

Supporting neural cells that don't conduct a nerve impulse, but are essential for neuron function

Answer 36

neuroglia

Question 37

Tissue forms the membranes that cover body surfaces and line the hollow organs and glands

Answer 37

Epithelial Tisuse

Question 38

Type of Epithelial Tissue function: transportation of substances

Answer 38

Simple epithelium

Question 39

Type of Epithelial Tissue function: rapid diffusion

Answer 39

SImple squamous

Question 40

Type of Epithelial Tissue location: alveoli of lungs

Answer 40

Simple squamous

Question 41

Type of Epithelial Tissue function: secretion of substances

Answer 41

Simple cuboidal

Question 42

Type of Epithelial Tissue location: various glands

Answer 42

SImple cuboidal

Question 43

Type of Epithelial Tissue function: absorption

Answer 43

Simple columnar

Question 44

Type of Epithelial Tissue location: wall of small intestine

Answer 44

Simple Columnar

Question 45

Structures which hold the cells together

Answer 45

intercellular junctions

Question 46

intercellular junctions are collectively known as

Answer 46

junctional complexes

Question 47

Type of Epithelial Tissue function: provides protection

Answer 47

Stratified Epithelium

Question 48

living cells found in all layers of tissue

Answer 48

nonkeratinized

Question 49

Cells filled with keratin and layers of dead cells on surface

Answer 49

keratinized

Question 50

Tissue with flattened cell shape

Answer 50

squamous

Question 51

Tissue with as tall as they are long cell shape

Answer 51

Cuboid

Question 52

Tissue with taller than they are wide cell shape

Answer 52

columnar

Question 53

Secretemucus and cilia that move coordinatedly

Answer 53

Goblet Cells

Question 54

Glands which transport secretions by ducts

Answer 54

Exocrine Glands

Question 55

Glands which secrete into capillaries within the body

Answer 55

Endocrine Glands

Question 56

Tissue is characterized by a matrix made up of protein fibers, extracellular material and specilalized cells

Answer 56

Connective Tissue

Question 57

Tissue is prtein fibers + gel like ground substance

Answer 57

Connective Tissue proper

Question 58

Tissue is collagen fibers scattered loosely, with room for blood vessels

Answer 58

Loose COnnective Tissue Proper

Question 59

Tissue is densely packed collagen fibers with room for ground substance

Answer 59

Densre Regular Connective Tissue Proper

Question 60

Tissue is desnely packed collagen fibers in various arrangements to resist forces

Answer 60

Dense Irregular Connective tisuse Proper

Question 61

Tissue stores fat

Answer 61

Adipose tissue

Question 62

Tissue is composed of chondrocytes surrounded by a semi-ground substance

Answer 62

Cartilage

Question 63

Location: joints

Answer 63

cartilage

Question 64

Function: provides gliding surface for bones

Answer 64

Cartilage

Question 65

Osteoblasts Concentric layer of calcified material around a canal filled with blood vessels and nerves

Answer 65

Bone

Question 66

4 types of Connective Tissue

Answer 66

1. Connective Tissue Proper 2. Bone 3. Cartilage 4. Blood

Question 67

4 types of Connective Tissue Proper

Answer 67

1. Loose 2. Dense Regular 3. Dense Irregular 4. Adipose