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PSYCH 347 > Unit 1: Building Blocks of Relationships > Flashcards

Unit 1: Building Blocks of Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Intimate Relationships

A

involve knowledge, interdependence, caring, trust, responsiveness, mutuality, and commitment

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2
Q

Knowledge

A

intimate partners have extensive personal, often confidential, knowledge about each other

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3
Q

Interdependence

A

is frequent (they often affect each other), strong (they have meaningful impact on each other), diverse (they influence each other in many different ways), and enduring (they influence each other over long periods of time)

when relationships are interdependent, one’s behavior affects one’s partner as well as oneself

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4
Q

Caring

A

intimate partners care about each other

they feel more affection for one another than they do for most others

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5
Q

Trust

A

people in intimate relationships trust one another, expecting to be treated fairly and honorably

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6
Q

Responsiveness

A

intimacy increases when people believe that their partners understand, respect, and appreciate them, being attentively and effectively responsive to their needs and concerned for their welfare

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7
Q

Mutuality

A

people in intimate relationships exhibits a high degree of mutuality, which means that they recognize their close connection and think of themselves as “us” instead of “me” and “him” (or “her”)

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8
Q

Commitment

A

people in intimate relationships expect their partnerships to continue indefinitely, and they invest the time, effort, and resources that are needed to realize that goal

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9
Q

Need To Belong

A

we need frequent, pleasant interactions with intimate partners in lasting, caring relationships if we’re to function normally

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10
Q

Singlism

A

refers to prejudice and discrimination against those who choose to remain single and opt not to devote themselves to a primary romantic relationship

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11
Q

Technoference

A

the frequent interruptions of interactions of couples that are caused by their various technological devices

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12
Q

Phubbing

A

occurs when one partner snubs another by focusing on a phone

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13
Q

Sex Ratio

A

a simple count of the number of men for every 100 women in a specific population

when the sex ratio is high, there are more men than women

when it is low, there are fewer men than women

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14
Q

Attachment Styles

A

global orientations towards relationships

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15
Q

Secure Attachment

A

children happily bonded with others and relied on them comfortably, and they readily developed relationships characterized by relaxed trust

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16
Q

Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment

A

being uncertain of when (or if) a departing caregiver would return, children became clingy, nervous, and needy in their relationships with others

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17
Q

Avoidant Attachment

A

children were often suspicious of others, and they did not easily form trusting, close relationships

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18
Q

Batholomew’s Four Attachment Styles

A

secure, preoccupied, fearful, dismissing

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19
Q

Avoidance of Intimacy

A

affects the ease and trust with which people accept interdependent intimacy with others

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20
Q

Anxiety About Abandonment

A

the dread that others will find them unworthy and leave them

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21
Q

Gender Roles

A

the patterns of behavior that are culturally expected of “normal” men and women

22
Q

Androgenous

A

people that possess both sets of competencies that are stereotypically assigned with being male and being female

23
Q

Instrumental Traits

A

“masculine” task-oriented talents

24
Q

Expressive Traits

A

“feminine” social and emotional skills

25
Q

Open-Mindedness

A

the degree to which people are imaginative, curious, unconventional, and artistic versus conforming, uncreative, and stodgy

26
Q

Extraversion

A

the extent to which people are generous, assertive, and sociable versus cautious, reclusive, and shy

26
Q

Conscientiousness

A

the extent to which people are dutiful, dependable, responsible, and orderly versus unreliable, disorganized, and careless

27
Q

Agreeableness

A

the degree to which people are compassionate, cooperative, good-natured, and trusting versus suspicious, selfish, and hostile

28
Q

Negative Emotionality

A

the degree to which people are prone to fluctuating moods and high levels of negative emotion such as worry, anxiety, and anger

29
Q

Self-Esteem

A

our evaluations of ourselves

30
Q

Sociometer

A

a theory that views self-esteem as a subjective gauge that measures the quality of our relationships to others

31
Q

Parental Investment

A

the time, energy, and resources one must provide to one’s offspring in order to reproduce

32
Q

Paternity Uncertainty

A

unless he is completely confident that his mate has been faithful to him, he cannot be absolutely certain that her child is his

33
Q

In what ways do intimate relationships differ from more casual associations?

A

knowledge, caring, trust, responsiveness, interdependence, mutuality, commitment

34
Q

What is interdependence?

A

the extent to which intimates need and influence each other

one’s behavior affects one’s partner as well as oneself

35
Q

What is the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM)?

A

actor effects: relationships between one’s own characteristics and their later behavior or characteristics

partner effects: relationships between one’s own characteristics and the other person’s outcomes, show how one persons personality affects those around them

36
Q

What is trust?

A

expecting to be treated fairly and honorably

37
Q

What is mutuality?

A

the inclusion of other in the self scale

38
Q

What is the need to belong?

A

we need frequent, pleasant interactions with intimate partners in lasting, caring relationships if we’re to function normally

if the need is not met, a variety of problems follow

39
Q

What is an imaginary sex difference?

A

stereotypes portray the sexes as being very different, with almost no overlap between the styles and preferences of two sexes

40
Q

What are sex differences?

A

biological distinctions that spring naturally from their physical natures

41
Q

What are gender differences?

A

social and psychological distinctions created by our cultures and up-bringing

42
Q

What are the components of gender?

A

birth-assigned category

current gender identity

gender roles and expectations

gender and social presentation

gender evaluations

43
Q

What are gender roles?

A

may actually be responsible for much of the incompatibility

traditional couples are less happy with their marriages

44
Q

What are instrumental traits?

A

assertiveness
self-reliance
ambition
leadership
decisiveness

45
Q

What are expressive traits?

A

warmth
tenderness
compassion
kindness
sensitivity to others

46
Q

What are sex ratios?

A

the number of men for every 100 women

high (men > women): support traditional, old-fashioned gender roles, sexually conservative

low (men < women): less traditional and more permissive

47
Q

What is technology and relationships?

A

reproductive technologies and control

communication: technoference, phubbing

48
Q

What is parental investment?

A

the time, energy, and resources one must provide to one’s offspring in order to reproduce

49
Q

What is parental uncertainty?

A

unless he is completely confident that his mate has been faithful to him, a man cannot be absolutely certain that her child is his

PSYCH 347 (4 decks)

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