unit 1

Question 1

sheik

Answer 1

an Arab leader, in particular the chief or head of an Arab tribe, family, or village.
2.
a leader in a Muslim community or organization.

Question 2

quran

Answer 2

the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic. The Koran consists of 114 units of varying lengths, known as suras ; the first sura is said as part of the ritual prayer. These touch upon all aspects of human existence, including matters of doctrine, social organization, and legislation.

Question 3

islam

Answer 3

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.
the Muslim world.
“the most enormous complex of fortifications in all Islam”

Question 4

hijrah

Answer 4

The Hegira or Hijrah (Arabic: هِجْرَة‎‎), also romanized as Hijra and Hejira, is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Yathrib, later renamed by him to Medina, in 622 CE.

Question 5

haj

Answer 5

the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.

Question 6

bedouin

Answer 6

.
a nomadic Arab of the desert.
adjective
1.
of or relating to the Bedouin.

Question 7

jihad

Answer 7

among Muslims) a war or struggle against unbelievers.
ISLAM
the spiritual struggle within oneself against sin.
noun: jehad; plural noun: jehads

Question 8

mosque

Answer 8

a Muslim place of worship.

Question 9

muhammad

Answer 9

The Arab founder of Islam, Muhammad is held by Muslims to be the chief prophet of God. He was born in Mecca. Muslims believe that the Koran was dictated to him by an angel sent from God. The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition.

Question 10

abu bakr

Answer 10

Abu Bakr. definition: companion of 1st Muslim leader after Muhammad, regarded by Sunni’s as the 1st caliph and rightful successor.

Question 11

mu’āwiyah

Answer 11

?602–680 ad, first caliph (661–80) of the Omayyad dynasty of Damascus; regarded as having secularized the caliphate

Question 12

sunni

Answer 12

one of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, and differing from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna and in its acceptance of the first three caliphs.
a Muslim who adheres to the Sunni branch of Islam.
plural noun: Sunni; plural noun: Sunnis

Question 13

shiite

Answer 13

.
an adherent of the Shia branch of Islam.
adjective
1.
of or relating to Shia.

Question 14

caliph

Answer 14

the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. The caliph ruled in Baghdad until 1258 and then in Egypt until the Ottoman conquest of 1517; the title was then held by the Ottoman sultans until it was abolished in 1924 by Atatürk.

Question 15

the moors

Answer 15

a member of a northwestern African Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab descent. In the 8th century they conquered the Iberian peninsula, but were finally driven out of their last stronghold in Granada at the end of the 15th century.

Question 16

astrolabe

Answer 16

Admiral Jules Sébastien César Dumont d’Urville, was a French naval officer, geographer, explorer and collector botanist who conducted several expeditions aboard the corvette Astrolabe by the South Pacific and Antarctic exploration campaigning in Australia, New Zealand , …

Question 17

mecca

Answer 17

Mecca is a town in Parke County in the US state of Indiana. In the 2010 census it had a population of 335 inhabitants and a population density of 329.12 persons per km².

Question 18

medina

Answer 18

a Muslim city, especially from North Africa Old Town.

Question 19

the five pillars

Answer 19

the five foundations of the Islamic faith: shahada (confession of faith), salat (prayer), zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting, Especially During the month of Ramadan), and hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca). Expand. Also called Pillars of the Faith. Compare DIN2, ibada. Contemporary definitions for Pillars of Islam Expand.

Question 20

kadijah

Answer 20

Khadija Bint Khuwaylid or Jadīŷat al-Kubra was the first wife of the prophet of Islam Muhammad. She was the daughter of Asad ibn Khuwaylid and Fatimah bint Zā’ida, belonging to the clan of Banu Quraysh.

Question 21

hadith

Answer 21

A hadith or hadith literally means a saying or a conversation, but Islamically represents the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad told by his companions and compiled by those sages who succeeded them

Question 22

ulama

Answer 22

Name that formerly gave the ballgame practiced by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica; in some regions of Mexico, as Mazatlan, it continues practicing and retains that name.

Question 23

caliphate

Answer 23

A caliphate is an area container containing an Islamic caliph steward Known as a person Considered a successor to religious to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad

Question 24

ummayad

Answer 24

The Umayyad Caliphate Umayyad Caliphate or were an Arab lineage Caliphate exercised power, first in the East, with capital Damascus, and then in al-Andalus, with its capital in Cordoba.

Question 25

abbasid

Answer 25

The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic caliphates to the Islamic prophet Muhammad succeed. The Abbasid dynasty Descended From Muhammad's youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566-653 CE), from Whom the dynasty Takes ITS name.

Question 26

baghdad

Answer 26

Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, and is also the country's largest, with 6,431,839 inhabitants, and one of the most populated in the Middle East after Cairo and Tehran city. It is located beside the Tigris River.

Question 27

downy

Answer 27

Dowry. It is illegal, but a marriage concluded without it is unthinkable. Contrary to the West, is the family of the bride who brings him to the groom and generally, the demands of these are always so far above their means, that on many occasions.

Question 28

harem

Answer 28

Part of the house where Muslim women live.