Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A & P > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Structure of body parts and how they fit together

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of organs and organ systems

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does anatomy and physiology fit together?

A

The function of an organ always relates to its structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 subdivisions of anatomy

A

Gross/macroscopic
Microscopic
Developmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Parts visible to the naked eye

A

Gross/macroscopic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Study of cells

A

Cytology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Study of tissues

A

Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cytology

Histology

A

Microscopic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Study changes the occur before birth

A

Embryology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ex: embryology

A

Developmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ex: hair, nails, skin
Forms external body covering, protects deeper tissues, synthesis vitamin D, houses cutaneous receptors, sweat and oil glands

A

Integumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ex: bones and joints
Protects and supports organs, provides framework for muscles to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within, stores minerals

A

Skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ex: skeletal muscles

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotions, and facial expression. Maintains posture. Produces heat.

A

Muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ex: brain, spinal cords, nerves
Fast-acting control system of the body. Responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

A

Nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ex: pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovary, testes
Glands secrete hormones which regulate growth, reproduction, and metabolism by body cells

A

Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ex: heart, blood vessels

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries O2, CO2, nutrients, H2O, etc. heart pumps blood

A

Cardiovascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ex: oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small/large intestine, rectum anus
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foods are eliminated in feces

A

Digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ex: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, bladder

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood

A

Urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ex: reproductive organs

Production of offspring

A

Male and female reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Organizational levels of the human body

A 
Organism
Organ system
Organ
Tissue
Cellular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Necessary life functions for humans

A 
Maintaining boundaries
Movement
Responsiveness
Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Survival needs

A 
Nutrients
O2
H2O
Normal body temp
Atmospheric pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Internal norm

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Homeostasis

A

To maintain relatively stable internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Path of homeostasis
Receptor (on skin) ➡️ control center (nervous system) ➡️ effector (response, usually muscle or hormone)
26
Reduces effect of stimulus
Negative feedback
27
Regulating body temp, changing breathing rate, blood sugar levels
Negative feedback
28
Increases response
Positive feedback
29
Labor contractions, blood clotting
Positive feedback
30
More negative or positive feedback?
Negative
31
Homeostatic imbalance results in?
Disease
32
Has mass Affected by gravity Consists of elements and compounds
Matter
33
``` Moves matter Potentials, kinetic Ability to do work Converts Sound light heat ```
Energy
34
Pure substance
Element
35
2+ different elements
Compound
36
How many elements of life are there?
25
37
96% of the the body is made of up the elements?
C, O, H, N
38
4% of the body is made up of
Trace elements
39
An element with different numbers of neutrons
Isotopes
40
Strongest bonds are
Covalent
41
Covalent bonds share
E-
42
Polar bonds are
Atoms in a bond which different electronegativity | Electrons are not shared equally
43
Nonpolar bonds are
E- is shared equally
44
Second strongest bond
Ionic
45
2 ions (-/+) bond
Ionic
46
Weakest bond
Hydrogen
47
Hydrogen in a polar bond connects to the electronegative atom of another polar bond
Hydrogen
48
Point at which forward and reverse reactions offset one another exactly
Chemical equilibrium
49
Combining atoms/molecules to form larger, more complex molecule
Synthesis
50
Breaking apart molecules
Decomposition
51
Bonds made/broken to exchange parts
Exchange reaction
52
Increase the rate of reactions
Catalyst
53
No carbon Small and simple Water, salt, acid, and bases
Inorganic compounds
54
Contains carbon Usually large and complex Carbs, lipids, proteins, nuclei acids Often needed as macromolecules
Organic
55
Water
Polar molecule that is negative on the O2 end and positive in the H end
56
Similar cells with a common function
Tissues
57
Intercellular junctions
Tight Desmosomes Gap junctions
58
Close the space between cells | Located among cells that form linings
Tight junctions
59
Form "spot welds" between cells | Located along outer skin cells
Desmosomes
60
Tubular channels between cells Links cytoplasm of 2 cells Located in cardiac muscle cells
Gap junctions
61
Covers organs and the body
Epithelial
62
Line body cavities
Epithelial
63
Line hollow organs
Epithelial
64
Have a free surface
Epithelial
65
Have a basement membrane
Epithelial
66
Are avascular
Epithelial
67
Cells readily divide
Epithelial
68
Cells tightly packed
Epithelial
69
Cells often have desmosomes
Epithelial
70
Function is to protect, secrete, absorb, excrete
Epithelial
71
Single layer of flat cells
Simple squamous
72
Substances pass easily through
Simple squamous
73
Line air sacs
Simple squamous
74
Line blood vessels
Simple squamous
75
Line lymphatic vessels
Simple squamous
76
Single layer of cube-shaped cells
Simple cuboidal
77
Line kidney tubules
Simple cuboidal
78
Cover ovaries
Simple cuboidal
79
Line ducts of some glands
Simple cuboidal
80
Single layer of elongated cells
Simple columnar
81
Nuclei usually near the basement membrane at same level
Simple columnar
82
Sometimes possess cilia
Simple columnar
83
Sometimes possess microvilli
Simple columnar
84
Often have goblet cells
Simple columnar
85
Line uterus, stomach, intestines
Simple columnar
86
Line respiratory passageways
Psuedostratified columnar
87
Nuclei at two or more levels
Psuedostratified columnar
88
Many cell lays top cells are flat
Stratified squamous
89
Outer layer of skin, lines oral cavity, vagina, and anal canal
Stratified squamous
90
2-3 layers of cube-shaped cells
Stratified cuboidal
91
Line ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and the pancreas
Stratified cuboidal
92
Elongated cellular top layer followed by cube-shaped cells in deeper layers
Stratified columnar
93
Line part of male urethra and part of pharynx
Stratified columnar
94
Many layers of both cube-shaped and elongated cells
Transitional
95
Changes in different spots and different functions
Transitional
96
Line urinary bladder, ureters, and part of urethra
Transitional
97
Most abundant tissue type
Connective tissue
98
Binds structures
Connective
99
Provides support and protection
Connective
100
Serve as frameworks
Connective
101
Fill spaces
Connective
102
Stores fat
Connective
103
Produce blood cells
Connective
104
Protect against infections
Connective
105
Help repair tissue damage
Connective
106
Has a matrix
Connective
107
Have varying degrees of vascularity
Connective
108
Have cells that usually divide
Connective
109
Connective fiber types
Collagenous Elastic Reticular
110
Thick
Collagenous
111
Composed of collagen
Collagenous
112
Great tensile strength
Collagenous
113
Abundant in dense CT
Collagenous
114
Hold structures together
Collagenous
115
Tendons and ligaments
Collagenous
116
Bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin
Elastic
117
Fibers branch
Elastic
118
Elastic
Elastic
119
Vocal cords and air passages
Elastic
120
Very thin Collagenous fibers
Reticular
121
Highly branched
Reticular
122
Form supportive networks
Reticular
123
Loose connective tissue
Proper
124
Reticular connective tissue
Proper
125
Dense CT
Proper
126
Elastic CT
Proper
127
Cartilage
Specialized CT
128
Bone
Specialized
129
Blood
Specialized
130
Mainly fibroblasts
Loose CT
131
Fluid to gel-like matrix
Loose CT
132
Collagenous fibers
Loose CT
133
Elastic fibers
Loose CT
134
Bind skin to structures
Loose CT
135
Beneath most epithelia
Loose CT
136
Blood vessels nourish nearby epithelial cells
Loose CT
137
Between muscles
Loose CT
138
Adipocytes
Adipose
139
Cushions
Adipose
140
Insulates
Adipose
141
Store fats
Adipose
142
Beneath skin
Adipose
143
Behind eyeballs
Adipose
144
Around kidneys and heart
Adipose
145
Composed of reticular fibers
Reticular CT
146
Supports internal organ walls
Reticular CT
147
Walls of liver, spleen, lymphatic organs
Reticular CT
148
Packed Collagenous fibers
Dense CT
149
Elastic fibers
Dense CT
150
Few fibroblasts
Dense CT
151
Bond body parts together
Dense CT
152
Tendons, ligaments, dermis
Dense CT
153
Poor blood supply
Dense CT
154
Abundant in elastic fibers
Elastic CT
155
Some Collagenous fibers
Elastic CT
156
Fibroblasts
Elastic CT
157
Attachments between bones
Elastic
158
Walls of arteries, airways, heart
Elastic
159
Solid matrix
Bone
160
Supports
Bone
161
Protects
Bone
162
Forms blood cells
Bone
163
Attachment for muscles
Bone
164
Skeleton
Bone
165
Osteocytes in lacunae
Bone
166
Rigid matrix
Cartilage
167
Chondrocytes in lacunae
Cartilage
168
Poor blood supply
Cartilage
169
Three types of cartilage
Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage
170
Most abundant cartilage
Hyaline
171
Ends of bones
Hyaline
172
Nose, respiratory passages
Hyaline
173
Embryonic skeleton
Hyaline
174
Flexible
Elastic cartilage
175
External ear, larynx
Elastic cartilage
176
Very tough
Fibrocartilage
177
Shock absorber
Fibrocartilage
178
Intervertebral discs
Fibrocartilage
179
Pads of knee and pelvic girdle
Fibrocartilage
180
Fluid matrix called plasma
Blood
181
Red blood cells
Blood
182
White blood cells
Blood
183
Platelets
Blood
184
Transports
Blood
185
Defends
Blood
186
Defends
Blood
187
Involved in clotting
Blood
188
Throughout the body in blood vessels
Blood
189
Heart
Blood
190
Contractile
Muscles
191
Three muscle types
Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
192
Attached to bones
Skeletal
193
Striated
Skeletal
194
Voluntary
Skeletal
195
Walls of organs
Smooth
196
Skin
Smooth
197
Walls of blood vessels
Smooth
198
Involuntary
Smooth
199
Non-striated
Smooth
200
Heart wall
Cardiac
201
Involuntary
Cardiac
202
Striated
Cardiac
203
Intercalated discs
Cardiac
204
Found in brain and spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
Nervous
205
Functional cells are neurons
Nervous
206
Neuroglial cells support and bind nervous tissue components
Nervous
207
Sensory reception
Nervous
208
Conduction of nerve impulses
Nervous

A & P (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions