Unit 1 Flashcards
What are 5x CONTRAINDICATIONS for the use of ES?
- Pregnancy
- Pacemaker
- Cardiac Disease
- Cancer
- Active TB
What are the 5x PRECAUTIONS for the use of ES?
- Obesity
- Decreased sensation perception
- Skin conditions (eczema)
- Cognition
- Not in path of internal or external fixation
What are the 5 general INDICATIONS for the use of ES?
- Muscle Weakness
- Poor Motor Control
- Increased Pain
- Decreased Circulation
- Increased Swelling
What ES instrument do you use to strengthen a weaken muscle?
NMES - Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
What ES instrument do you to improve motor control thro muscle retraining?
FES - Functional Electrical Stimulation
What is the Gate Theory?
T Cells a convergence of Pain Producing signals (EXCITATORY) + Pain Relieving (INHIBITORY) influences from both ascending + descending nerve fibres
More Excitatory signals =
Signal of pain transmitted to cerebral cortex.
Gate “open”.
Transmission of pain
More Inhibitory signals =
Signal of pain blocked;
no message of pain sent to the cortex.
Gate “closed”
Pain transmission blocked
What ES instrument so you use for Increased Circulation?
TENS - Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation
NMES - Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
NMES Defintion
The activation of muscle thro stimulation of the intact Peripheral Nerve
NMES is the best used for clients with muscle weakness…
…And should be performed in conjunction with active exercise.
Indication for the use of NMES?
- Decreased Strength and/or endurance to injury.
- Maintain or increase ROM (opposing muscle).
- Retraining a muscle
Duty Cycle: Weaker muscle…
…Require longer times to recover between contractions
Indications for TENS
- Pain Control
- Sensory (H.Freq): Gate closed - pain blocked.
- Motor (L.Freq): Endorphins
Indications for Ultra Sound
- Increased Pain
- Increased Swelling
- Decreased Circulation
