Unit 1- 2.4 Bacteria Flashcards
bacteria characteristics
-cell wall
-movement
-metabolism
-respiration
characteristics of bacteria cell wall
*classified based on reaction to gram stain (crystal violet and iodine)
-membranes that absorb are gram positive
-without stain are gram negative
2 structures for bacteria movement
flagellum- tail that whips
cilia- hairs surrounding cell that “swim”
what are non motile
sticky cilia like structures that keep bacterium from moving
characteristics of bacteria autotrophs
can synthesize their own organic compounds using CO2
what are 2 types of bacteria autotrophs
- phototrophs- use sun as energy source
- chemotrophs- use energy obtained from inorganic compounds
what are bacteria heterotrophs
obtain their energy by breaking down organic molecules
- types of bacteria heterotrophs
- photoheterotrophs- use sun as their energy source
- chemoheterotrophs- use energy obtained from organic compounds
types of bacterial respiration
- aerobes- cellular respiration involves oxygen to produce energy from food
- obligate aerobes- oxygen necessary for survival
- anaerobes- cellular respiration in oxygen free environments
- obligate anaerobes- oxygen kills them
- faculative anaerobes- can live without oxygen
what is binary fission
*bacterial reproduction
-copies genetic info, splits into 2 daughter cells
what is conjugation
bacterial cell passes copy of plasmid DNA through hollow pills, passing genes to another bacteria
—> allows for genetic variation
how to antibiotics work
inference with bacteria’s ability to form a cell wall or preform cell process/reproduction
what is a bacterial endospore used for/characteristics
*resistant structure that forms around DNA when cell is under stress
-protect from harmful conditions:
high temps, nutrition deficiency, disinfectants
*when conditions improve, endospore germinates into full bacteria
