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Human Geography > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Define Projection Map

A

A systematic transformation of the latitudes and longitudes of location on a sphere to a flat area

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1
Q

Define World Geography

A

A field of study that tries to make sense of the world around us, helps us understand how people, places, and environments came to be and how they effect each other

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2
Q

Define GIS (Geographic Information System)

A

A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data

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3
Q

Define GPS( Global Positioning System)

A

a satellite-based navigation system

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4
Q

Define Atmosphere

A

The envelope of gases surrounding a planet

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5
Q

Define Lithosphere

A

The rigid outer part of earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle

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6
Q

Define Biosphere

A

Regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms

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7
Q

Define Pangaea

A

A hypothetical continent consisting all of the earth’s land masses

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8
Q

Define Weathering

A

The various mechanical and chemical process that cause exposed rock to decompose

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9
Q

Define Erosion

A

The process of being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents

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10
Q

Define Continentality

A

The tendency of land to experience more thermal variation than water

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11
Q

Define Ecosystem

A

Biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

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12
Q

Define Biome

A

A large naturally occurring community of living and nonliving organisms occupying a major habitat

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13
Q

Define Deciduous Forest

A

A forest where the trees lose their leaves at fall

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14
Q

Define Coniferous Forest

A

A forest with trees that bare cones

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15
Q

Define Taiga

A

The sometimes swampy coniferous forest of high northern latitudes

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16
Q

Define Rain Forest

A

A luxuriant, dense forest rich in biodiversity, typically found in tropical areas with consistently heavy rainfall

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17
Q

Define Savannah

A

A grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees

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18
Q

Define Steppe

A

A large area of flat, unforested grassland

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19
Q

Define EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

A

An independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment

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20
Q

Define AQI (Air Quality Index)

A

Measure of the condition of air relative to the requirements of one or more biotic species and or to any human need or purpose

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21
Q

Define Alluvial Fan

A

A fan-shaped mass of alluvium deposited as the flow of a river decreases in velocity

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22
Q

Define Location

A

A definite or relative description of a location of a place

23
Q

Define Place

A

A description of features of a place

24
Q

Define Region

A

A formal, functional, or perceptional boundary or area

25
Q

Define HEI (Human Environment Interaction)

A

How humans interact with the land

26
Q

Define Movement

A

How people, goods, and ideas get around

27
Q

What are the 5 Themes of Geography

A

Location, place, region, human environment interaction, and movement

28
Q

What are the two types of location?

A

Absolute (definite) and Relative (direction)

29
Q

What are the types of region?

A

Formal (definite boundary), Functional (different parts), and Perceptual (no definite boundary)

30
Q

What is a globe?

A

A 3D representation of the earth

31
Q

What are the types of projection maps?

A

Planar (azimuthal), conical, cylindrical (Mereator and Robinson), physical, political, and thematic

32
Q

What makes up soil?

A

Weathered rock, humus, air, and water

33
Q

What are the two tropics?

A

The Tropic of Cancer (23.5 degrees North) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 degrees South)

34
Q

What are the two Circles?

A

The Arctic Circle (66.5 degrees North) and the Antarctic Circle (66.5 degrees South)

35
Q

What is the difference between weather and climate

A

Weather is short term and a particular condition of the atmosphere in a specific place at a specific time, and Climate is long term and weather conditions in a specific place over a period time

36
Q

What is LACEMOPS?

A 
L - latitude
A - Air Mass
C - Continentality
E - Elevation
M - Mountain Barriers
O - Ocean Currents
P - Pressure Cells
S - Storm Tracks
37
Q

What is a climate graph?

A

Overall climate of an area for one year

38
Q

What are the conditions for different latitudes?

A 
Tropical = hot all year
Middle = varies
Polar = cold all year
39
Q

What are different air masses?

A

Maritime tropic, maritime polar/arctic, continental tropic, continental polar/arctic

40
Q

What are the different conditions to elevation?

A

Higher up = colder

Lower down = warmer

41
Q

What are mountain barriers?

A

Rain shadow (Orographic Effect) - windward side receives precipitation, leeward side doesn’t

42
Q

What are different types of ocean currents?

A

Warm current and cold current

43
Q

What are the different types of pressure cells?

A

Low pressure = wet and cold

High pressure = hot and dry

44
Q

What are storm tracks?

A

Storms that are more frequent in some areas

45
Q

What is a tropical wet climate like?

A

Along the equator
• has little variation in temperature (average 80 degrees F)
• receives over 100 inches of precipitation
• tall trees
• small mammals, insects, and birds
• rain forest

46
Q

What is a tropical wet and dry climate like?

A 
Around the equator
• has a wet and dry season
• temps from 64 and 77 degrees F
• grasses, shrubs, few trees
• wide range of animals
• savannah
47
Q

What is a semiarid climate like?

A 
Near the Tropic of Cancer/Capricorn
• experiences summer and winter
• averages 10 to 20 inches of precipitation
• few trees, small shrubs, grasses
• large mammals
• savanah
48
Q

What is the desert like?

A 
Near the equator and circles
• less than 10 inches of rain
• little vegetation
• small mammals
• hot/cold days, freezing nights
49
Q

What is a Mediterranean climate like?

A

Between the topics and the circles
• long summers, mild winters
• hot and dry summers, wet and cool summers
• temperatures between 30 and 65 degrees F
• trees, shrubs, grasses
• small mammals

50
Q

What is the marine west coast climate like?

A 
Between tropics and circles 
• has summers and winters
• mild and wet climate
• cool summer and warm winter
• 30 to 98 inches of precipitation 
• tall trees
• birds, small mammals
51
Q

What is a humid subtropical climate like?

A 
Between 20 and 40 degrees North and South
• average temp 62 degrees F
• 48 inches of precipitation 
• variety of vegetation
• mammals, birds
52
Q

What is a humid continental climate like?

A 
Above/below tropics
• has 4 seasons
• wide range of temps
• between 20 to 50 inches of precipitation
• wide variety of plants
• small and large mammals
53
Q

What is the subarctic climate like?

A 
Above the arctic circle
• winter and summer
• temps between -40 and 85 degrees F
• between 10 to 20 inches of precipitation 
• coniferous trees
• large mammals
54
Q

What is the tundra climate like?

A 
Above the Arctic Circle
• summer and winter
• between -18 and 50 degrees F
• between 5 to 15 inches of rain 
• mosses, lichens, and algae
• large mammals
55
Q

What is the ice cap climate like?

A 
Above/below the Arctic/Antarctic Circles
• summer and winter
• between -16 and -90 degrees F
• less than 10 inches of rain
• moss and lichen
• penguins, seals, whales
56
Q

What are the highland climates like?

A 
Near the tropics and equator
• No seasons
• temperature depends on elevation 
• rain depends on elevation
• trees, shrubs 
• large mammals

Human Geography (19 decks)

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