Europe Unit Flashcards
Meseta
High flatlands in Spain
Fjord
A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea
Massif Central
Mountainous plateau in south central France
North Atlantic Drift
A continuation of the Gulf Stream across the Atlantic Ocean and along the coast of northwestern Europe
Mistral
A strong, cold northwesterly wind
Sirocco
A hot wind blowing from North Africa
Dike
A long wall built to prevent flooding from the sea
Polder
A piece of land reclaimed from the sea or a river and protected by dikes
Acid Rain
Rainfall made from atmospheric pollution that causes environmental harm
City-state
A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state
Benelux
A collective name for Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
Crusades
A military medieval expedition, made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims
Renaissance
A revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th-16th centuries
Aqueduct
An artificial channel for conveying water
Reformation
A 16th-century movement for the reform of abuses in the Roman Catholic Church ending in the establishment of the Reformed and Protestant Churches
Feudalism
A dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility exchanged lands from the Crown for military protection
Nationalism
Patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts
Holocaust
The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941-45
Berlin Wall
A fortified and heavily guarded walk built on the boundary between East and West Berlin by the communist authorities
Nordic Countries
The Northern European countries
Euro
Single European currency
Cultural Crossroad
A place where cultures interact
Balkanization
Divide into smaller mutually hostile states or groups
Satellite Nations
A political term for a country that is formally independent but controlled by another country
Anti-semitism
Hostility or prejudice against Jews
Ethnic Cleansing
The mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group in a society
What are the perceptual regions of Eurasia?
British Isles and Northern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean Europe, and Eastern Europe
What are the peninsulas of Eurasia
Iberian Peninsula, Italian Peninsula, Balkan Peninsula, Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland Peninsula
What is the breadbasket of Eurasia?
Northern European Plain
What are the major rivers of Eurasia?
Seine, Rhine, Danube, and Elbe
What are the major mountain ranges in Eurasia?
Pyrenees, Apennines, Balkan, Scottish, Atlantic Highlands, Alps
What countries make up the Mediterranean Region?
Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Greece
What is the climate like in the Mediterranean Region?
Mild, mountains block cold northern winds, sirocco winds
What are the major ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean?
Romans and Greeks
Are all Mediterranean countries considered nation-states?
Yes
What are the two main religions of the Mediterranean?
Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox
What type of government system do the Mediterranean countries have?
Democratic system
Basques
Group of separatists in Spain who would like their own country
What are the countries that make up Western Europe?
France, Monaco, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
What are the cultural divisions of Western Europe?
French, German, and Benelux
What region was one of the first to start industrialization?
Western Europe
What are the democratic countries of Western Europe?
France, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
What are the monarch countries of Western Europe?
Monaco, Belgium, Liechtenstein, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
What percent of the population in Western Europe is urban?
73%
What countries make up Northern Europe?
United Kingdom and Ireland?
What countries make up the UK?
England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Whales
What ideas were spread by the British?
Representative government and industrial revolution
What are the Nordic Countries?
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
What countries make up Balkin Europe?
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia
European Union (EU)
An economic and political alliance between 28 European nations
Eurozone
All of the countries that have adopted the euro
What are some environmental issues in Eurasia?
Transboundary pollution, water and air pollution, deforestation, and Chernobyl
What percent of the population is Urban in the Mediterranean?
60%-70%
What countries make up Northern Europe?
The United Kingdom and Ireland
What makes up the United Kingdom?
England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales
What ideas did Britain spread?
Representative government and industrial revolution
What are the Nordic Countries?
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
What countries make up Balkin Europe?
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia
