Unclassified

Question 1

Unclassified toxin of Clovers?

Answer 1

MOA: hepatotoxicity
CS: Hepatic photosensitization in horses, encephalopathy in large amounts

Question 2

unclassified toxin in Avocado?

Answer 2

cardiotoxicity-> goats, horses, rabbits, caged birds

noninfectious mastitis-> cattle, horses, goats, rabbits

Question 3

unclassified toxin in black walnut?

Answer 3

MOA: primary and liver induced
CS: erythema, edema, necrosis
Plants: moldy wheat, moldy alfalfa, red clover

Question 4

unknown toxin in Red Maple?

Answer 4

MOA: wilted leaves cause hemoglobinemia -> Heinz bodies
CS: brown mm, icterus, anorexia, cyanosis,

Question 5

Plants that cause species specific renal damage?

Answer 5

Grapes/raisins- Dogs
Lilies- Cats
Pigweed- ruminants, pigs, horses

Question 6

Unknown toxin in Coffee senna and Sicklepod?

Answer 6

MOA: skeletal m/cardio- myopathy
CS: GI, muscle weakness, coffee colored urine

Question 7

Unknown toxin in Yellow starthistle and Russian knapweed?

Answer 7

MOA: death of dopamine-R in the brain
CS: Equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia (Chewing Disease)

Question 8

Unknown toxin in Macadamia nuts?

Answer 8

Dogs- hindlimb weakness, depression, GI signs, pale mm

full recovery in 2 days