Ulcers Flashcards
Immunologic disease having ulcers
Apthous ulcers
Behcets syndrome
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Midline granuloma
Fungal infections have ulcerative lesions
Histoplasmosis
Coccidiodomycosis
Mucormycosis
Aspergillosis
Bacterial infections having ulcerative lesions
Actinomycosis
Syphilis
Tuberculosis
Common locations for traumatic ulcers
Labial
Buccal
Palate
Tongue
Causative factors for recurrent apthous ulcers
Allergies
Genetic predisposition
Hormones
Infectious agents
Nutritional deficiency
Smoking cessation
Stress
Trauma
Intraoral location of apthous ulcers
Non keratinised mucosa
Vestibule
Buccal mucosa
Tongue
Soft palate
Fauces
Floor of the mouth
Most common type apthous ulcers
Minor
Major apthous ulcers are most common in
HIV patients
Immunocompromised pts
How long major aphthae lasts
Upto 6 weeks
Heals with scar formation
Difference between herpetiform ulcers and herpes simplex
Non keratinised mucosa
Not preceded by vesicles
Exhibit no virus infected cells
Recurrent apthous are prevalent in
Crohns disease
Behcets syndrome
Cyclic nuetropenia
Nutritional deficiency
Celiac disease
AIDS
Abnormal immune process triggered by an infectious or environmental antigen in a genetically predisposed individual
Behcets syndrome
Features of behcets syndrome
Small vessel vasculitis
Males
30-40 yrs
Turkey, Japan, eastern Mediterranean
Recurrent oral and genital apthous type ulcers
Conjunctivitis
Uveitis
Arthritis headaches and CNS symptoms in 30-40 yrs TURKISH JAPANESE AND MEDITERRANEAN MEN
Behcets syndrome
Most common intraoral site involved in behcets syndrome
Soft palate
Oropharynx
Strawberry gingivitis is seen in
Wegener granulomatosis
Lab markers for wegeners granulomatosis
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (cANCAs)
Antineutrophil perinuclear antibodies (pANCAs)
Midline granuloma also known as
Malignant granuloma
Lethal midline granuloma
Necrotic ulcers progressive and non healing perforates nasal septum and hard palate
Midline granuloma
Causative agent of actinomycosis
Actinomyces israelli
Filamentous
Branching
Gram positive
Anaerobic bacteria
Inflammatory woody hard indurated swelling grows slowly has a soft centre with sinus discharging yellowish specks called sulfur granules
Actinomycosis infection
Causative agent of syphilis
Treponema pallidum
Anaerobic spirochete
Primary syphilis presents as
Chancre
Common intraoral site of primary syphilis
Lip
Other sites
Buccal mucosa
Tongue
Palate
Gingiva
And tonsils
Intraoral location for primary syphilis
Lips
Other site include
Buccal mucosa tongue pakate and tonsils
Presentation of secondary syphilis
Reddish brown maculopapular rash
Snail track like mucosal ulcers
Called mucous patches on the palate
Condylomata lata - elevated broad based verrucal plaques on skin and mucosa
Presentation of tertiary syphilis
Gumma
On the palate most commonly
Indurated nodular ulcerated lesion produces extensive tissue destruction affecting palate and goes through nasal cavity seen in tertiary syphilis
Gumma
Triad of congenital syphilis
Inflammation in the cornea - interstitial keratitis
Eigth nerve deafness
Hutchison incisors and mulberry molars
Oral manisfestations of TB
Indurated chronic non healing painful ulcer on the tongue or palate shows granulomas with caseous necrotic centre under the microscope
Destructive ulceration in the palate, paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity in an uncontrolled insulin dependent diabetic and ketoacidotic pt
Mucormycosis- zygomycosis
2nd most common fungal infection followed by candidiasis in a patient undergoing chemotherapy
Aspergillosis
Necrotic ulcerations eith dark grey pseudomembranes in the gingiva and hard palate of the pt undergoing chemotherapy
Aspergillosis
Features of wegener granulomatosis
Necrotizing granulomatous lesions of
Respiratory tract
Necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Systemic vasculitis of small arteries and veins
Treatment of TB
8 week course
pyrazinamide
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
16 week course
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Deep fungal infection in oral cavity
Single or multiple indurated painful non healing ulcers on tongue
Palate buccal mucosa
