Hematologic Flashcards
Increase in the number if circulating WBCs to more than 11k in adults
Leukocytosis
Reduction in the number of circulating WBCs to less than 4400
Leukopenia
Leukopenia can be manifested in
Agranulocytosis
Pancytopenia
Chemotherapeutic drugs
Malignancies arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow
Leukemia
Classify leukemia
Histogenesis:
myeloid
Lymphocytic
Clinical behaviour:
Acute
Chronic
Malignacy of Myeloid immature WBCs occuring in adults 50yrs of age sudden onset
Acute myelogenous leukemia AML
Crystalline elongated intracytoplasmic acidophillic bodies present in malignant myeloblasts
Auer rods
Uncontrolled proliferation of immature LYMPHOID cells in the bone marrow of children
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ALL
Malignancy of nature B lymphocytes in adults
Least malignant type
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL
Neoplasm of mature myeloid white blood cells
Chronic myeloid leukemia CML
Translocation of the chromosomal material between 9 and 22
Philadelephia chromosome that results in uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal immature leukemic cells
Diffuse non tender swelling may or may not be ulcerated results in DIFFUSE GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT
Myeloid luekemia - send patient for blood work to confirm the diagnosis because biopsy wont help
Deficiency in erythrocytes
Fatigue
Shortness of breath
Oral pallor
Deficiency of platelets
Easy bruising bleeding
Spont gingival bleeding
Petechial hemorrhage of the post hard palate and soft palate
Internal bleeding
Deficiency of luekocytes
Ulcerations on gingiva most committed and the palate GRAYISH WHITE NECROTIC BASE
Oral candidiasis
Viral infections like HERPES simplex
Condition where the cells from the granulocytic series mainly neutrophils are absent
Agranulocytosis
Which drugs can cause agranulocytosis
Antithyroid drugs
Methinazkle
Propylthiouracul
Carbimazole
Oral manifestations of agranulocytosis
Deep necrotizing punched out ulcers on buccal mucosa
Tongue
Palate and gingiva
Filgrastim
Granulocyte stimulating factor prescribed for patients who undergo chemo to recover from low granulocyte counts
Idiopathic didorder caused by a regular periodic reduction in the neutrophil population usually every 22 days
Cyclic neutropenia
Oral manifestations of cyclic neutropenia
Severe periodontal bone loss with gingival recession and tooth mobility
Hypochromic and microcytic
Iron deficiency
Thalassemia
Hemolytic anemia
Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Erythtroblastosis fetalis
Sickle cell anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Vit b 12
Folate def
Most commonest cause of anemia
Iron deficiency anemai
Oral manifestations of iron deficiency anemia
Angular cheilitis - inflammation erthyma fissuring and scaling of corners of the mouth
Glossitis - diffuse or patchy atrophy of the dorsal papillae of the tongue
Burning sensation
Tongue is pale
Syndrome that combines iron deficiency anemia with glossitis dysphagia and koilonychias - spoon shaped brittle nails
Angular cheilitis burning sensau
Plummer vinson syndrome
Syndrome associated with an increased in oral and esophageal SCC intraorally
Plummer vinson syndrome
Megaloblastic anemia caused by poor intestinal absorption of vit B12 because of lack of intrinsic factor
Pernicious anemia
Oral symptoms of megaloblastic / pernicious anemia
Parasthesia
Tingling
Numbness
Atrophic glossitis - HUNTER GLOSSITIS
Burning sensation of tongue lip buccal mucosa
Failure of the hematopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow to produce adequate number of RBCs WBCs and platelets
Aplastic anemia
Oral manifestations of aplastic anemia
Ulcerations
Pale oral mucosa
Gingival hemorrhage
Mucosal petechiae
Purpura
Ecchymoses
Fatigue
Light headedness
Tachycardia weakness
Burising bleeding
Infections
Severe genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis
Sickle cell anemia
Abnormal hemoglobin S is formed which results un the change if RBC from disc to sickle
Sickle cell anemia
Hair on end appearance can be seen on lateral skull radiograph
Sickle cell anemia
Deposition direction is perpendicular to the normal bone
Cooleys anemia or mediterranean anemia also known as
Thalassemia
Inherited disorders characterized by the abnormal formation of either aloha or beta globin chains of hemoglobin
Thalassemia
Painless enlargement of mandible and maxilla due to bone marrow hyperplasia
Chipmunk app due to reduction in size or obliteration of paranasal sinuses
Frontal bossing and flaring of max teeth
Delayed dental development
Hair on end
Thalassemia
Hemolytic anemia of newborns secondary to a blood incompatibility between the mother and fetus
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Intrinsic staining of teeth - green blue yellow due to excess bilirubin which may accumulate in the developing teeth of primary dentition and cusps of permanent first molars
Erythtroblastosis fetalis
Idiopathic hematological disorders in which there are too many functioning RBCs
Polycythemia
Spontaneous gingival bleeding
Prolonged bleeding after certain dental procedures
Petechie purpura echhymoses on the palate
Thrombocytopenia
