uk's changing economy

Question 1

how has research contributed to economy

Answer 1

employs around 60,000 people

Question 2

causes of economic change

Answer 2

de-inustrialisation, globalisation, government policy

Question 3

what is de-indutrialisation

Answer 3

decline of a country’s traditional manufacturing industry

Question 4

what causes de-industrialisation

Answer 4

exhaustion of raw materials, loss of markets and competition from NEEs

Question 5

what is globalisation

Answer 5

the world becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange (DECREASES cost of manufacturing)

Question 6

what are service industries

Answer 6

provide support rather than manufacturing products - largest sector is finance (10% of UK’s GDP)

Question 7

what do science parks do

Answer 7

tap into research
located of the edge of university cities - benefit from transport links and attractive working conditions

Question 8

what are business parks

Answer 8

small group of businesses on a single plot of land.
they are interconnected and work on small scale manufacturing

Question 9

science park example

Answer 9

Cambridge Science Park

Question 10

impacts of industry on environment

Answer 10

• toxic waste material pollute land and water supply
• gas and soot emissions from burning coal causing smog
• landscapes in coal mining areas became ugly

Question 11

socioeconomic changes in rural landscape - pop growth

Answer 11

CAMBRIDGESHIRE:
s - rising house prices, car owning commuters don’t need public transport so services reduce
ec - lack of affordable housing, some shops forced to close

Question 12

socioeconomic changes in rural landscape - pop decline

Answer 12

OUTER HEBRIDES:
s - migration of young people results in aging pop, more care required, fewer people able to work so agriculture decline, school closures as fewer children
ec - prawn fishing decline, infrastructure struggling to cope with tourism

Question 13

developments in roads

Answer 13

• 100 new road schemes
• 1300 new miles added to motorway
• 400 miles of smart motorway developed

Question 14

railway plans

Answer 14

HS2 - connects many major cities from London to Scotland - around £100bn
electrification of Midland mainline between London and Sheffield

Question 15

seaport improvements

Answer 15

annually employ 120,000 people, largest port industry in europe, £300mil investment to a new container terminal at Liverpool 2

Question 16

impacts of deindustrialisation on N.E England

Answer 16

many towns relied on coal industry and thousands left unemployed

Question 17

what is a footloose industry

Answer 17

not tied to heavy raw materials, so they can locate wherever is cost effective

Question 18

what is the M4 growth corridor

Answer 18

London to Bristol, the home of high tech industries for 30 years

Question 19

what is the North-South divide

Answer 19

the culrtral and economic disparities between North and South England

Question 20

trade

Answer 20

• Trades with many countries Post Brexit in 2021 the UK developed stronger links with countries outside the EU
• Due to British Empire, the UK still have strong links with other countries.