CASE STUDIES: hazards (p1)

Question 1

what are the tectonic examples

Answer 1

L’Aquila and Gorkha
Eyjafjallajokull

Question 2

primary effects of L’Aquila

Answer 2

308 died
1500 injured
67,500 made homeless
15000 buildings collapsed

Question 3

when was the L’Aquila earthquake

Answer 3

6th April 2009

Question 4

strength of L’Aquila

Answer 4

6.3 magnitude

Question 5

secondary effects of L’Aquila

Answer 5

landslides
increased house prices
mudflows caused by burst water pipe

Question 6

immediate responses to L’Aquila

Answer 6

10000 sheltered in hotels
40000 tents given out
$552.9mill from EU fund

Question 7

long term responses to L’Aquila

Answer 7

no taxes in 2010
university fees waived
free public transport

Question 8

when was the Gorkha earthquake

Answer 8

25th April 2015

Question 9

strength of Gorkha

Answer 9

7.8 magnitude

Question 10

primary effects of Gorkha

Answer 10

8841 died
16800 injured
$5bill damage
1 mill homeless

Question 11

secondary effects of Gorkha

Answer 11

landslides and avalanches killed 19
blocked rivers
tourism so income decline

Question 12

immediate responses in Gorkha

Answer 12

international help from Oxfam
500,000 tents
rescuers from avalanche of everest

Question 13

long term responses in Gorkha

Answer 13

$274mill for recovery
stricter building controls
new trekking routes on everest

Question 14

date of eruption of Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 14

14th April 2010

Question 15

location of Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 15

160km south east of Reykjavik
lies on mid atlantic ridge

Question 16

primary effects of Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 16

8km high ash cloud
lava flow and tephra ejected
ice melts

Question 17

secondary effects of Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 17

closed airspace for 6 days - 100,000 travellers stranded
flooding
animals kept indoors
contaminated water supply

Question 18

immediate responses to Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 18

500 farmers evacuated
313 airports forced to shut
monitoring ashcloud

Question 19

long term responses to Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 19

tourism increased in Iceland
higher monitoring of volcanoes like Katla
European state aid to airports that were affected

Question 20

when did Typhoon Haiyan happen

Answer 20

3rd-11th November 2013

Question 21

primary effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 21

6340 killed
40000 homes damaged
30000 fishing boats destroyed
400mm of rain - flooding
1.1mill tonnes of crops destroyed

Question 21

secondary effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 21

6mill people lost source of income
landslides and blocked roads so aid couldn’t get to people
cholera caused by infected water
power supplies cut off for a month

Question 22

immediate responses to Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 22

1200 evacuation centres set up
French and Belgian field hospitals
Red Cross delivered basic food aid

Question 23

long term responses to Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 23

‘Cash for work’ scheme set up - people paid to clear city
oxfam helped replace fishing boats
thousands of homes built away from areas at risk of flooding

Question 24

when was The Beast from the East

Answer 24

22nd-27th february 2018

Question 25

what caused The Beast from the East

Answer 25

sudden stratospheric warming caused air to flip and winds to slow so jet streams changed and cold air from east siberia travelled over UK

Question 26

What were the impacts of the Beast from the East?

Answer 26

4 deaths, up to 19 inches of snow in uplands, over 8000 road accidents