CASE STUDIES: urban issues and challenges (p2) Flashcards
3 reasons London is nationally important
s : 12.5% of UK’s population
e : 30% of Uk’s GDP
en : 38% greenspace
3 reasons London is internationally important
s : 30 million annual tourists
e : largest stock exchange globally
en : greenest city globally
Brixton facts
- 130 diff languages
- strong Afro-Caribbean culture
- Brick Lane known as the curry capital
LONDON: social opps
cultural mix - 2million don’t speak english at home
entertainment like Wembley, O2
LONDON: economic opps
- 22% of jobs are financial
- Londoners earn 23% more than average UK
- world finance centre
LONDON: environmental opps
- 8 royal parks
- 38% open green space
LONDON: socioeconomic challenges
- unaffordable housing
- lacking social housing
LONDON: environmental challenges
- pollution
- waste disposal
- housing built on greenfield
- urban sprawl
LONDON: improvements to transport
- cycle superhighways
- U-LEZ charges
- santander cycles
EAST VILLAGE: sustainable transport
- Kings Cross 7 mins by train
- every home <350m from bus stop
- electric charging points
EAST VILLAGE: sustainable homes
- light walls reflect heat
- large recycling bins
- use grey water
- 25% of housing is affordable
- public spaces are pedestrainised
OLYMPIC PARK: social opps
- provided 2800 homes
- 6 million tourists since Olympics
- 10 tennis courts
- 200 shops
OLYMPIC PARK: economic opps
- 7000 jobs at ‘Here East’
- UCL based there
OLYMPIC PARK: environmental opps
- copper box 60% recycled
- River Lea runs through
LAGOS: 3 push factors
- lack of employment
- famine
- war/conflict
LAGOS: 3 pull factors
- education
- healthcare
- family
LAGOS: regional importance
- transport hub
- 10% of Nigeria’s population
LAGOS: national importance
- 25% of Nigeria’s GDP
- 80% of imports through docks
LAGOS: international importance
- 11th largest economy in Africa
- venue for many sporting events
LAGOS: social opps - education
- 10 universities including teaching hospital
- state schools ran by government
LAGOS: social opps - water access
- wells and boreholes
- street vendors - over 12mill have access
LAGOS: social opps - transport
- Lagos Blue Rail line transports 250,000 people daily
LAGOS: Makoko challenges
- lack of sanitation
- 19% unemployed
- no legal rights (vulnerable)
- 250,000 residents
LAGOS: urban growth challenges
lack of property causes squatter settlements
LAGOS: water supply challenges
only 11% have access to piped water
LAGOS: sanitation challenges
- can’t flush toilets
- use PIT LATRINES which pollutes drains and rivers
LAGOS: energy challenges
reliance on generators which aren’t available to all
LAGOS: healthcare challenges
- not always free
- many contagious diseases that are hard to treat
LAGOS: unemployment challenges
- forces people to make money illegally
- more difficult for development
LAGOS: crime challenges
- street gangs
- less employment if there is a bad reputation
LAGOS: main environmental challenges
- water pollution
- air pollution
- waste
- traffic congestion
LAGOS: water pollution challenges
water borne diseases like cholera
LAGOS: air pollution challenges
causes global warming, asthma
LAGOS: waste challenges
contribute to air pollution and can infect water, health hazard
LAGOS: traffic congestion challenges
- air pollution
- decreases work time so less money earnt and less development
LAGOS: economic opps - informal sector
Olusosun rubbish dump has over 5000 workers
LAGOS: economic jobs - tertiary jobs
- improve local conditions from higher wages - x effect
- government receive more taxes so funds other aspects
what is the ikeja district
growth of the commercial and industrial zones
an example of urban planning
Eko Atlantic
what is eko atlantic
-10mill square meters of sand filled land
- expected to provided 150,000 jobs and 250,000 inhabitants
- supposed to reduce coastal erosion
evaluation of eko atlantic
- not for the urban poor (threat to squatter settlements)
- jobs could lead to ‘x effect’
