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Procedures 3 (Radiography) > UGI Flashcards > Flashcards

UGI Flashcards

1
Q

The upper digestive system includes the:

A

esophagus
accessory organs of digestion

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2
Q

A muscular membranous tube like structure:

A

esophagus

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3
Q

What are the accessory organs of digestion?

A

Gall bladder
Pancreas
Salivary Glands
Mouth

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4
Q

What are the three functions of the digestive system?

A

1.) intake, breakdown (mechanical, chemical)
2.) absorption
3.) elimination

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5
Q

The upper GI tract includes the:

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum

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6
Q

The moth contains the following organs:

A

Teeth
Hard and Soft Palates
Tongue
Ugula

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7
Q

What is mastication?

A

Chewing

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8
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

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9
Q

What is deglutition?

A

Swallowing

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10
Q

A long muscular tube that extends from the laryngopharynx to the stomach:

A

esophagus

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11
Q

How long is the esophagus?

A

10 inches

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12
Q

The esophagus is located ______________ to the trachea and ________________ to the vertebral bodies.

A

posterior, anterior

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13
Q

Where does the esophagus beging and end using the spine as reference?

A

C6-T11

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14
Q

The esophagus passes through the diaphragm at the level of _____________.

A

T10

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15
Q

The expanded portion of the esophagus is called:

A

cardiac antrum

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16
Q

What is the hole that exits the esophagus and enters the stomach called?

A

Esophagogastric junction (cardiac orifice)

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17
Q

Wave like involuntary contractions that moves solid materials throught the alimentary canal are called:

A

peristalsis

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18
Q

After food has been mechanically and chemically altered it is called:

A

chyme

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19
Q

A dilated sac like portion of the alimentary canal/digestive tract between the esophagus and the small intestine is:

A

stomach

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20
Q

The stomach serves as a :

A

storage unit for food

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21
Q

What part of the stomach is located directly superior to the orifice and seen as a small indention?

A

cardiac notch

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22
Q

What is the expanded distal portion of the abdominal esophagus?

A

cardiac antrum

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23
Q

THe second, most distal opening in the stomach is the pyloric orifice and contains the pyloric sphincter. The spincter controls:

A

Food from going back into the stomach

24
Q

What are the borders or curvatures of the stomach called?

A

lesser curvature
greater curvature

25
Q

What are the three stomach subdivisions?

A

Fundus
Body
Pylorous

26
Q

The most distal portion of the stomach?

A

pylorous

27
Q

What are the two divisions of the pylorous?

A

Pyloric antrum (expanded part)

Pyloric canal

28
Q

Muscosal folds that assist with mechanical digestion and movement of food:

A

rugae

29
Q

The fundus lies ____________ and ________________.

A

Superior, anterior

30
Q

The body lies ________________ and mostly ______________ to the fundus.

A

vertical, anterior

31
Q

what position is the patient in if the barium is in the fundus and air is in the body and pylorous?

A

Supine

32
Q

What position is the patient in if barium is in the body and pylourous and air is in the fundus?

A

Prone

33
Q

What position is the patient in if there is air in the fundus and barium is in the body and pylourous and you can see a distinct level of air-fluid?

A

Erect

34
Q

What is the normal emptying time for the stomach?

A

2-3 hours

35
Q

Where does the stomach sit on a hypersthenic patient?

A

High and transverse

36
Q

Where does the stomach sit on a hyposthenic or asthenic patient?

A

stomach is J shaped and low

37
Q

For a sthenic patient:

A

the stomach is J shaped

38
Q

What are three similarities between the exams of the digestive system?

A

1.) requires us to use contrast to see
2.) dynamic exam
3.) all require images afterwards

39
Q

What are the radiographer responsibilities in UGI Exams?

A

1.) prep room
2.) prep contrast
3.) obtain history
4.) explain the procedure to the patient

40
Q

What are things that affect the position of the stomach?

A

1.) body habitus
2.) stomach contents
3.) respiration
4.) body position

41
Q

Air, crystals and CO2 are what type of contrast media?

A

Radiolucent/Negative

42
Q

What is an example of radiopaque contrast media?

A

Barium Sulfate

43
Q

What is the ratio for thick barium?

A

3:1 or 4:1

44
Q

What is the ratio for thin barium?

A

1:1

45
Q

What are the 2 reasons that barium would be contraindicted?

A

1.) patient is going to surgery
2.) there is an expected perforation

46
Q

What is used in place of barium , if barium is contraindicted?

A

gastrograffin (iondinated contrast)

47
Q

When should gastrograffin not be used?

A

if there is an allergy

48
Q

What is double contrast?

A

Barium mixed with air or CO2 crystals

49
Q

A exam to study the form and function of the swallowing reflex of the pharynx and esophagus is:

A

Esophagram

50
Q

Another name for esophagram is:

A

Barium Swallow

51
Q

What are the reasons for performing an esophagram?

A

1.) anatomical anomoly
2.) disease, process or cancer
3.) reflux
4.) impaired swallowing
5.) foreign body
6.) esophageal varices

52
Q

Esophageal reflux can be diagnosed using what methods or techniques?

A

1.) toe touch
2.) water test
3.) compressions paddle
4.) breathing excercise

53
Q

What is patient prep for an esophagram?

A

There is no patient prep

54
Q

An exam to study the form and function of the distal esophagus, stomach and duodenum is:

A

Upper GI

55
Q

What are reasons to perform an Upper GI series?

A

1.) diverticulum
2.) tumor, cancer
3.) gastritis
4.) hiatal hernia
5.) ulcer
6.) bezoar(ingested hair)
7.) pyloric stenosis

56
Q

What is patient prep for an Upper GI?

A

NPO 8 hours
low residue diet for a couple days (jello, water)
no chewing gum or smoking for the NPO time

Procedures 3 (Radiography) (20 decks)

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