UGI

Question 1

The upper digestive system includes the:

Answer 1

esophagus
accessory organs of digestion

Question 2

A muscular membranous tube like structure:

Answer 2

esophagus

Question 3

What are the accessory organs of digestion?

Answer 3

Gall bladder
Pancreas
Salivary Glands
Mouth

Question 4

What are the three functions of the digestive system?

Answer 4

1.) intake, breakdown (mechanical, chemical)
2.) absorption
3.) elimination

Question 5

The upper GI tract includes the:

Answer 5

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum

Question 6

The moth contains the following organs:

Answer 6

Teeth
Hard and Soft Palates
Tongue
Ugula

Question 7

What is mastication?

Answer 7

Chewing

Question 8

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

Answer 8

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Question 9

What is deglutition?

Answer 9

Swallowing

Question 10

A long muscular tube that extends from the laryngopharynx to the stomach:

Answer 10

esophagus

Question 11

How long is the esophagus?

Answer 11

10 inches

Question 12

The esophagus is located ______________ to the trachea and ________________ to the vertebral bodies.

Answer 12

posterior, anterior

Question 13

Where does the esophagus beging and end using the spine as reference?

Answer 13

C6-T11

Question 14

The esophagus passes through the diaphragm at the level of _____________.

Answer 14

T10

Question 15

The expanded portion of the esophagus is called:

Answer 15

cardiac antrum

Question 16

What is the hole that exits the esophagus and enters the stomach called?

Answer 16

Esophagogastric junction (cardiac orifice)

Question 17

Wave like involuntary contractions that moves solid materials throught the alimentary canal are called:

Answer 17

peristalsis

Question 18

After food has been mechanically and chemically altered it is called:

Answer 18

chyme

Question 19

A dilated sac like portion of the alimentary canal/digestive tract between the esophagus and the small intestine is:

Answer 19

stomach

Question 20

The stomach serves as a :

Answer 20

storage unit for food

Question 21

What part of the stomach is located directly superior to the orifice and seen as a small indention?

Answer 21

cardiac notch

Question 22

What is the expanded distal portion of the abdominal esophagus?

Answer 22

cardiac antrum

Question 23

THe second, most distal opening in the stomach is the pyloric orifice and contains the pyloric sphincter. The spincter controls:

Answer 23

Food from going back into the stomach

Question 24

What are the borders or curvatures of the stomach called?

Answer 24

lesser curvature
greater curvature

Question 25

What are the three stomach subdivisions?

Answer 25

Fundus Body Pylorous

Question 26

The most distal portion of the stomach?

Answer 26

pylorous

Question 27

What are the two divisions of the pylorous?

Answer 27

Pyloric antrum (expanded part) Pyloric canal

Question 28

Muscosal folds that assist with mechanical digestion and movement of food:

Answer 28

rugae

Question 29

The fundus lies ____________ and ________________.

Answer 29

Superior, anterior

Question 30

The body lies ________________ and mostly ______________ to the fundus.

Answer 30

vertical, anterior

Question 31

what position is the patient in if the barium is in the fundus and air is in the body and pylorous?

Answer 31

Supine

Question 32

What position is the patient in if barium is in the body and pylourous and air is in the fundus?

Answer 32

Prone

Question 33

What position is the patient in if there is air in the fundus and barium is in the body and pylourous and you can see a distinct level of air-fluid?

Answer 33

Erect

Question 34

What is the normal emptying time for the stomach?

Answer 34

2-3 hours

Question 35

Where does the stomach sit on a hypersthenic patient?

Answer 35

High and transverse

Question 36

Where does the stomach sit on a hyposthenic or asthenic patient?

Answer 36

stomach is J shaped and low

Question 37

For a sthenic patient:

Answer 37

the stomach is J shaped

Question 38

What are three similarities between the exams of the digestive system?

Answer 38

1.) requires us to use contrast to see 2.) dynamic exam 3.) all require images afterwards

Question 39

What are the radiographer responsibilities in UGI Exams?

Answer 39

1.) prep room 2.) prep contrast 3.) obtain history 4.) explain the procedure to the patient

Question 40

What are things that affect the position of the stomach?

Answer 40

1.) body habitus 2.) stomach contents 3.) respiration 4.) body position

Question 41

Air, crystals and CO2 are what type of contrast media?

Answer 41

Radiolucent/Negative

Question 42

What is an example of radiopaque contrast media?

Answer 42

Barium Sulfate

Question 43

What is the ratio for thick barium?

Answer 43

3:1 or 4:1

Question 44

What is the ratio for thin barium?

Answer 44

1:1

Question 45

What are the 2 reasons that barium would be contraindicted?

Answer 45

1.) patient is going to surgery 2.) there is an expected perforation

Question 46

What is used in place of barium , if barium is contraindicted?

Answer 46

gastrograffin (iondinated contrast)

Question 47

When should gastrograffin not be used?

Answer 47

if there is an allergy

Question 48

What is double contrast?

Answer 48

Barium mixed with air or CO2 crystals

Question 49

A exam to study the form and function of the swallowing reflex of the pharynx and esophagus is:

Answer 49

Esophagram

Question 50

Another name for esophagram is:

Answer 50

Barium Swallow

Question 51

What are the reasons for performing an esophagram?

Answer 51

1.) anatomical anomoly 2.) disease, process or cancer 3.) reflux 4.) impaired swallowing 5.) foreign body 6.) esophageal varices

Question 52

Esophageal reflux can be diagnosed using what methods or techniques?

Answer 52

1.) toe touch 2.) water test 3.) compressions paddle 4.) breathing excercise

Question 53

What is patient prep for an esophagram?

Answer 53

There is no patient prep

Question 54

An exam to study the form and function of the distal esophagus, stomach and duodenum is:

Answer 54

Upper GI

Question 55

What are reasons to perform an Upper GI series?

Answer 55

1.) diverticulum 2.) tumor, cancer 3.) gastritis 4.) hiatal hernia 5.) ulcer 6.) bezoar(ingested hair) 7.) pyloric stenosis

Question 56

What is patient prep for an Upper GI?

Answer 56

NPO 8 hours low residue diet for a couple days (jello, water) no chewing gum or smoking for the NPO time