IVP Test Flashcards
The respiration phase for radiographs made during intravenous urography is:
a.) slow breathing
b.) suspended expiration
c.) suspended inspiration
d.) suspended respiration
b.) suspended expiration
Situation: A patient comes to radiology for an IVU. His lab report indicates a creatanine level of 0.7 mg/dl. What should be the technologists next step?
a.) notify the referring physician of an elevated creatanine level
b.) proceed with the study
c.) notify the radiologist of an elevated creatanine level
d.) escort the patient to the ED right away
b.) proceed with the study
The bevel of the needle must be facing upward during the actual puncture into a vein.
a.) true
b.) false
a.) true
All of the following are considered vasomotor non-allergic reactions to a medication or contrast medium, except:
a.) pronounced laryngeal swelling
b.) nausea
c.) metallic taste
d.) warmth
a.) pronounced laryngeal swelling
The structural and functional unit of the kidney that filters blood is:
a.) the glomerulus
b.) the nephron
c.) bowmans capsule
d.) the calyx
b.) the nephron
Which structure is the most retroperitoneal?
a.) ureters
b.) urethra
c.) kidneys
d.) bladder
c.) kidneys
A vasovagal response is considered a ______________ reaction.
a.) mild
b.) local
c.) severe
d.) moderate
c.) severe
Which projection would place the right kidney perpendicular to the IR?
a.) right lateral, dorsal decubitus
b.) AP oblique, LPO
c.) AP oblique, RPO
d.) right lateral
c.) AP oblique, RPO
Ureters are ___________ long.
a.) 10-12 cm
b.) 10-12 inches
c.) 6-8 inches
d.) 15 inches
b.) 10-12 inches
When blood or the medication injected into a vessel leaks out, it is called:
a.) extravasation
b.) subcutaneous intradema
c.) infusion
d.) angitis
a.) extravasation
The patient is placed in a ____________ position for a retrograde urography procedure.
a.) modified lithotomy
b.) sims
c.) fowlers
d.) trendelenburg
a.) modified lithotomy
For which body habitus will the kidneys lie at the highest level?
a.) hypersthenic
b.) sthenic
c.) asthenic
d.) hyposthenic
a.) hypersthenic
The radiographic examination of the urethra is called:
a.) cystography
b.) cystourethrography
c.) retrograde urography
d.) cystoureterography
b.) cystourethrography
How is contrast media normally introduced during a retrograde cystogram?
a.) intravenously
b.) with an injection through the urethra with a large syringe and catheter
c.) gravity flow through a catheter
d.) b or c
c.) gravity flow through a catheter
Assuming normal body habitus, where is the IR centered for most all abdominal radiographs taken during examinations of the urinary system (IVU)?
a.) 2 inches below the iliac crests
b.) iliac crests
c.) L3
d.) 2 inches above the iliac crests
b.) iliac crests
The kidneys lie at a _____________ angle to the MSP.
a.) 40 degrees
b.) 25 degrees
c.) 20 degrees
d.) 45 degrees
c.) 20 degrees
The two kidneys lie:
a.) inside the peritoneum
b.) none of the above
c.) below the peritoneum
d.) behind the peritoneum
d.) behind the peritoneum
Phlebitis is:
1.) a local reaction
2.) a systemic reaction
3.) inflammation of a vein
4.) leakage of contrast into tissue
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 3 and 4
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 2 and 4
c.) 1 and 3
For which of the following anatomical areas is the retrograde technique used?
1.) bladder
2.) lower ureters
3.) urethra
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3
Metformin is a drug given for:
a.) high blood pressure
b.) renal failure
c.) diabetes
d.) contrast allergy
c.) diabetes
The normal creatanine level (diagnostic indication of kidney function) for an adult is:
a.) 0.1 to 0.5 mg/dl
b.) 6 to 7.5 mg/dl
c.) 3 to 4.5 mg/dl
d.) 0.6 to 1.5 mg/dl
d.) 0.6 to 1.5 mg/dl
The purpose of a VCUG is to evaluate:
a.) anatomy of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
b.) function of bladder and urethra
c.) function of the kidneys
d.) anatomy of the bladder only
b.) function of the bladder and urethra
For most patients, the kidneys lie at what level of the spine?
a.) T10-L1
b.) T7-T10
c.) T11/T12 to L3
d.) L1-L4
c.) T11/T12 to L3
The urinary system includes which of the following?
1.) urethra
2.) two kidneys
3.) suprarenal glands
a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3
a.) 1 and 2
Situation: A patient, during an injection of contrast media, complains about pain at the injection site. The radiographer notices a moderate degree of swelling beneath the skin. The radiographer stops the injection and suspects that the needle has slipped out of the vein. What should the radiographer do after removing the needle to alleviate the patients discomfort?
a.) flex and extend the elbow to increase absorption of contrast media into the soft tissues
b.) give the patient diphenhydramine (benedryl)
c.) place a cold towel followed by warm towel over the injection site
d.) place ice over the injection site
c.) place a cold towel followed by warm towel over the injection site
How long should a patient withhold metformin before an IVU procedure?
a.) 24 hours
b.) 48 hours
c.) 6 hours
d.) it should no be withheld
d.) it should not be withheld
The technique of injecting contrast media into a vein and taking radiographs of the kidneys, ureters and bladder is termed:
a.) intravenous urography
b.) pyelography
c.) nephrotomography
d.) antegrade urography
a.) intravenous urography
Angiodema is considered to be a ____________ reaction.
a.) local
b.) severe
c.) mild
d.) moderate
d.) moderate
Urine will travel from the major calyces to the _____________.
a.) ureter
b.) renal pelvis
c.) minor calyces
d.) renal pyramids
b.) renal pelvis
Situation: A male patient comes to radiology for a voiding cystourethrogram. Which of the following projections/positions would be performed for this procedure?
a.) 30 degrees RPO
b.) erect PA
c.) recumbent lateral
d.) erect lateral
a.) 30 degrees RPO
Inflammation of a vein is called:
a.) extravasation
b.) hematoma
c.) phlebitis
d.) inflitration
c.) phlebitis
The points of constriction (for kidney stones or other conditions) are:
1.) UPJ ureteropelvic junction
2.) pelvic brim
3.) UVJ ureterovesical junction
4.) urethra
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 4
c.) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3
Before venipuncture is performed, the radiologic technologist must assess which of the following:
1.) biologic age of the patient
2.) allergic reaction to iodine tincture (if used)
3.) adverse reaction to the medication being administered
a.) 1 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
What is the recommended treatment protocol for extravasation?
a.) increase IV fluids
b.) give the patient lasix
c.) elevate the limb and apply cold compress
d.) give the patient diphenhydramine (benedryl)
c.) elevate the limb and apply cold compress
How many minutes after injection does the greatest concentration of contrast medium appear in the kidneys?
a.) 10 to 15
b.) 2 to 8
c.) 20 to 30
d.) 15 to 20
d.) 15 to 20
The nephron and collecting system cannot be visualized without the use of a radiopaque contrast material.
a.) true
b.) false
a.) true
A radiographic examination of the urinary bladder is termed:
a.) cystourethrography
b.) cystography
c.) retrograde urography
d.) cystourethrography
b.) cystography
The kidneys produce about ___________ liters of urine a day
a.) 1-2
b.) 4
c.) 0.5
d.) 8
a.) 1-2
Nonionic contrast agents may increase the severity of side effects as compared with ionic contrast agents.
a.) false
b.) true
a.) false
How is the central ray positioned to free the bladder neck of superimposition during an AP female cystourethrogram?
a.) angle 15 degrees cephalad
b.) angle 10 degrees cephalad
c.) 0 degrees
d.) angle 15 degrees caudally
d.) angle 15 degrees caudally
Which of the following can be given to premedicate for a contrast allergy?
a.) insulin
b.) prednisone
c.) metformin
d.) penicilin
b.) prednisone
How much is the patient rotated from the supine for an AP oblique projection of the urinary system?
a.) 30 degrees
b.) 35 degrees
c.) 45 degrees
d.) 40 degrees
a.) 30 degrees
If an IVU is performed on a female, a mentrual history must be obtained.
a.) true
b.) false
a.) true
A moderate vasovagal (anaphylactic reaction) to a medication or contrast medium would be:
a.) death
b.) bradycardia
c.) renal failure
d.) vomiting
b.) bradycardia
Contrast media that dissociates into multiple ions once it is in the bloodstream is considered to be :
a.) ionic
b.) nonionic
a.) ionic
Which of the following is true with regard to the use of injection needles used for venipuncture?
1.) steel needles may be sterilized and used again
2.) the needles may only be used one time
3.) all needles can be sterilized and used again
a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 only
c.) 3 only
d.) 2 only
d.) 2 only
IV medications are administered via the:
a.) venous system
b.) arterial system
c.) lymphatic system
d.) arterial and venous system
a.) venous system
Which of the following is considered an operative examination?
a.) cystourethrography
b.) intravenous pyelography
c.) retrograde urography
d.) intravenous urography
c.) retrograde urography
In some radiography procedures involving the urinary system, the contrast medium is introduced against the normal flow. This is termed:
a.) retrograde
b.) infusion
c.) antegrade
d.) percutaneous
a.) retrograde
In some radiography procedures involving the urinary system, the contrast medium is introduced against the normal flow. This is termed;
a.) retrograde
b.) infusion
c.) antegrade
d.) percutaneous
a.) retrograde
The CR should be centered at the iliac crest on the ______________ for an oblique (RPO or LPO) IVU procedure.
a.) downside
b.) upside
b.) upside
The ___________ is/are filters of the urinary sytem and also reabsorbs water and electrolytes to acheive optimal fluid balance for the body.
a.) ureters
b.) hilus
c.) bladder
d.) kidneys
d.) kidneys
Where is the IR centered for the AP oblique projection during a male or female cystourethrography?
a.) 2 inches above the pubic symphisis
b.) 2 inches below the pubic symphisis
c.) variable for males depending on the location of the distal bladder
d.) at the pubic symphisis
d.) at the pubic symphisis
How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the urinary bladder during a cystogram?
a.) 30 to 40 degrees
b.) 60 to 80 degrees
c.) 15 to 25 degrees
d.) 45 to 60 degrees
d.) 45 to 60 degrees
Where should the CR be directed for a lateral cystogram?
1.) 2 inches inferior to symphisis pubis
2.) 2 inches superior to the symphisis pubis
3.) 2 inches posterior to symphisis pubis
4.) 1 inch inferior to ASIS
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 3 and 4
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 1only
a.) 2 and 3
Who performs the administration of contrat during a retrograde urography procedure?
a.) radiologist
b.) radiographer
c.) urologist
d.) patient
c.) urologist
A radiograph of an AP projection taken during a retrograde cystogram reveals that the floor of the bladder is superimposed over the symphisis pubis. What error led to this radiographic finding?
a.) excessive CR angulation
b.) rotation of the pelvis
c.) excessive filling of the bladder with contrast media
d.) insufficient CR angulation
d.) insufficient CR angulation
Common side effects of iodinated contrast include:
1.) hot flash
2.) bradycardia
3.) hives
4.) metallic taste
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 4
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1 and 4
d.) 1 and 4
Contrast that increases the concentration of the solution in the blood is considered to be:
a.) hypertonic
b.) isotonic
a.) hypertonic
