Lower GI Test Flashcards
Performing an RAO lower GI image is the same as performing a __________________
a.) RPO
b.) LPO
c.) LAO
b.) LPO
The RAO position best demonstrates which of the following (choose all that apply)
a.) sigmoid
b.) rectum
c.) cecum
d.) ascending colon
a.) sigmoid
c.) cecum
d.) ascending colon
How much obliquity is required for the RAO position for the esophagus?
a.) 35 to 40 degrees
b.) 10 to 15 degrees
c.) 20 to 30 degrees
d.) 45 to 60 degrees
a.) 35 to 40 degrees
The CR for a lateral large intestine should be centered at:
a.) level of iliac crests
b.) symphisis pubis
c.) ASIS
d.) 2’’ above the iliac crests
c.) ASIS
When performing right and left decubitus projections, the CR should be centered horizontally to the:
a.) none of these, the CR is different for each projection
b.) 2’’ above the iliac crest
c.) iliac crests
d.) 2’’ below the iliac crests
c.) iliac crests
Which of the following are included as components of the alimentary canal?
1.) anus
2.) colon
3.) esophagus
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
An optimal exposure time when imaging a patient with hypermotility is ______________
a.) 0.6 s
b.) 0.2 s
c.) 0.1 s
d.) 1 s
c.) 0.1 s
What are the two names for the left flexure of the large bowel?
left colic flexure
splenic flexure
Often additional films may need to be taken if the _________________ is not seen in its entirety
a.) left flexure
b.) ascending colon
c.) right flexure
d.) sigmoid
a.) left flexure
The main functions of the small bowel are ______________ of food.
1.) digestion
2.) absorption
3.) storage
a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
The small intestine is ___________ feet long.
22
For which type of body habitus is the stomach nearly vertical?
a.) hypersthenic
b.) asthenic
c.) sthenic
d.) hyposthenic
b.) asthenic
Iodinated contrast will result in _______________ in technical factors as compared to barium only.
a.) a decrease
b.) no change
c.) an increase
a.) a decrease
The main function of the large bowel are:
1.) digestion
2.) reabsorption of fluids
3.) elimination of waste products
a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 2 and 3
d.) 2 and 3
The benefit of using gastrograffin is : ( choose all that apply )
a.) shows up the intestines better than barium
b.) easily absorbed
c.) can be used with air as a double contrast study
d.) easily aspirated
b.) easily absorbed
d.) easily aspirated
What can be done to help relieve the patients abdominal cramping during a BE?
a.) allow the patient to stand up
b.) drop the barium bag below the patient/tube
c.) turn the patient onto their back
d.) slow or stop the flow of barium
d.) slow or stop the flow of barium
The largest portion of the small intesting is the:
a.) cecum
b.) ileum
c.) dudenum
d.) jejunum
b.) ileum
Which flexure of the large bowel sits lower?
Why does it sit lower?
The right flexure sits lower because of the placement of the liver
Place the following in the order in which they occur in the small intestine:
1.) duodenum
2.) jejunum
3.) ileum
1, 2, 3
Which of the following are essential projections for examination of the small intestine?
1.) AP
2.) PA
3.) lateral
a.) 1 and 2
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3
a.) 1 and 2
Temperature of the barium and water suspension should be:
a.) 85 to 90 degrees
b.) 75 degrees
c.) 98.6 (body temperature
d.) 100 degrees
a.) 85 to 90 degrees
Where should the CR be directed for a left lateral decubitus BE?
a.) 1-2 inches below the iliac crest
b.) 1-2 inches above the iliac crest
c.) 2 inches above the ASIS
d.) at the level of the iliac crest
d.) at the level of the iliac crest
A right lateral decub of the colon demonstrates which portions the best: (choose all that apply)
a.) lateral side of descending colon
b.) medial side of descending colon
c.) lateral side of ascending colon
d.) medial side of ascending colon
a.) lateral side of descending colon
d.) medial side of ascending colon
The enema tip should never be inserted more than:
a.) 4 inches
b.) 6 inches
c.) 2 inches
d.) 1 inches
a.) 4 inches
A left lateral decub of the colon demonstrates which portions the best: (choose all that apply)
a.) lateral side of descending colon
b.) medial side of ascending colon
c.) lateral side of ascending colon
d.) medial side of descending colon
c.) lateral side of ascending colon
d.) medial side of descending colon
The area of most interest on a lateral projection of the large intestine is the:
a.) rectosigmoid
b.) transverse colon
c.) ascending colon
d.) descending colon
a.) rectosigmoid
Explain how centering should be adjusted for initial images of a small bowel series versus centering for delayed images.
2 inches above crest for initial images, center at crest for delayed
Prone images of the small bowel are used because:
a.) the right and left flexures are best demonstrated
b.) duodenum and jejunum are best demonstrated
c.) compress the abdomen and increase image quality
d.) the sigmoid colon is best demonstrated
c.) compress the abdomen and increase image quality
When would gastrograffin be contraindicted?
a.) perforation of the stomach or intestines
b.) iodinated contrast allergy
c.) pre-surgery
d.) bowel obstruction
b.) iodinated contrats allergy
During fluoroscopic image intensification, the primary x ray beam exits the patient and strikes the ___________ of the image intensifier
a.) electrostatic lenses
b.) photocathode
c.) output screen
d.) input screen
d.) input screen
The pouchlike portion of the large intestine that is situated below the junction of the ileum and colon is the:
a.) vermiform appendix
b.) sigmoid colon
c.) cecum
d.) rectum
c.) cecum
The entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection?
a.) lateral
b.) PA or AP
c.) PA oblique
d.) PA axial
b.) PA or AP
The muscle controlling the opening between the stomach and the duodenum is termed the:
a.) ileocecal valve
b.) pyloric sphincter
c.) pyloric antrum
d.) pylorous
b.) pyloric sphincter
Which of the following preps should occur for a small bowel series:
1.) low residue diet for 2 days
2.) laxative
3.) NPO for at least 8 hours
4.) stool softeners
a.) 1 and 3
b.) 1, 2, 3
c.) all of these
d.) 2 and 4
a.) 1 and 3
Why would a double contrast BE be indicated for a patient?
obstruction, disease, look at air fluid levels, the use of air and barium
The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the:
a.) pyloric valve
b.) ileocecal valve
c.) greater duodenal papilla
d.) ampulla of vater
b.) ileocecal valve
Protective aprons worn during fluoroscopy must possess ____________ mm lead equivalency.
a.) 0.25
b.) 0.75
c.) 1
d.) 0.5
d.) 0.5
The anatomy demonstrated on an AP axial lower GI image will be:
a.) elongation of the rectosigmoid area
b.) the right flexure is open
c.) air/fluid levels
d.) the descending large intestine is seen unobstructed
a.) elongation of the rectosigmoid area
When performing delayed images of the small bowel the CR should be centered at:
a.) the iliac crest
b.) ASIS
c.) 2’’ above the iliac crest
d.) 2’’ below th iliac crest
a.) at the iliac crest
A small bowel series can be performed by which of the following methods:
1.) reflux
2.) enteroclysis
3.) oral
a.) 1 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
c.) 3 only
d.) 2 and 3
b.) 1, 2 and 3
Barium enemas are performed in a ___________ fashion where barium is introduced against the normal flow.
a.) forward
b.) colloidal
c.) antegrade
d.) retrograde
d.) retrograde
The GI system can only be evaluated by using barium.
a.) true
b.) false
b.) false
The contraction waves by which the digestive tube moves its contents towards the rectum are called:
a.) mastication
b.) peristalsis
c.) respiration
d.) duglutition
b.) peristalsis
What are the two names for the right flexure of the large bowel?
right colic flexure
hepatic flexure
Which of the following best demonstrates the descending colon? (choose all that apply)
a.) LAO
b.) RPO
c.) LPO
d.) RAO
a.) LAO
b.) RPO
The central ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is:
a.) 10 to 20 degrees cephalad
b.) 30 to 40 degrees cephalad
c.) 30 to 40 degrees caudad
d.) 10 to 20 degrees caudad
b.) 30 to 40 degrees cephalad
All lower GI images should be performed on:
a.) suspended only (stop breathing)
b.) expiration
c.) inspiration
d.) breathing technique
b.) expiration
Decubitus images are used:
a.) only when barium is used
b.) when iodinated contrast is used
c.) when air is used
d.) only with an “ostomy”
c.) when air is used
The fluoroscopy xray tube in conventional R/F units is located:
a.) in the fluoro tower
b.) under the patient and the table
c.) just above the image intensifier
d.) between the patient and the image intensifier
b.) under the patient and the table
The AP/PA axial large intestine projection best demonstrates:
a.) transverse colon
b.) right flexure
c.) rectosigmoid
d.) left flexure
c.) rectosigmoid
The best ways to minimize discomfort during filling of barium into the colon is: (choose all that apply)
a.) instruct patient to roll onto their stomach
b.) instruct patient to relax their abdomen
c.) instruct patient to do deep breathing
d.) instruct patient to communicate abdominal cramping
b.) instruct patient to relax their abdomen
c.) instruct patient to do deep breathing
d.) instruct patient to communicate abdominal cramping
The small intestine is divided into how many distinct portions?
a.) five
b.) three
c.) four
d.) eight
b.) three
Haustra are:
a.) pouches of the large intestine
b.) where the ileum of the small bowel and the ascending portion of the large intestine meet
c.) muscular bands that run along the large intestine
d.) also known as the appendix
a.) pouches of the large intestine
Which projections will clearly demonstrate the descending colon?
1.) PA oblique, LAO
2.) AP oblique, RPO
3.) left lateral
a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 2 and 3
a.) 1 and 2
The portion of the small intestine that is a c loop is:
a.) cecum
b.) ileum
c.) jejunum
d.) duodenum
d.) duodenum
Quantam mottle is a blotchy or grainy appearance caused by excessive radiation to create a uniform image.
a.) true
b.) false
b.) false
The LPO position demonstrates which of the following : (choose all that apply)
a.) rectum
b.) sigmoid
c.) ascending colon
d.) cecum
b.) sigmoid
c.) ascending colon
d.) cecum
Gastrograffin is considered to be:
1.) iodinated
2.) water soluble
3.) double contrast
4.) non ionic
5.) colloidal
a.) 2 and 5
b.) 2 and 4
c.) 3 and 4
d.) 1 and 2
d.) 1and 2
In a patient with normal motility , once barium reaches the small intestine, it will take approximately _____________ for barium to reach the cecum.
a.) 6 hours
b.) 1 hours
c.) 30 minutes
d.) 2 hours
d.) 2 hours
Which area of the colon is seen with less superimposition by adding an angle to the CR?
a.) rectosigmoid
b.) right flexure
c.) left flexure
d.) ascending colon
a.) rectosigmoid
The first delayed image in a small bowel series should be performed in:
a.) 15 minutes
b.) 45 minutes
c.) 30 minutes
d.) 1 hour
a.) 15 minutes
Which of the following are components of the alimentary canal?
1.) mouth and pharynx
2.) stomach and intestine
3.) liver and pancreas
a.) 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1 and 3
b.) 1 and 2
The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is _______________ degrees.
a.) 30
b.) 35 to 45
c.) 45
d.) 20 to 30
b.) 35 to 45
During a small bowel series the patient is ready for fluoroscopy when barium reaches the ____________________
a.) ileocecal valve
b.) rectum
c.) duodenum
d.) ascending colon
a.) ileocecal valve
When a post evacuation image is performed technical factors should be ______________ as compared to images taken before evacuation.
a.) increased
b.) stay the same
c.) decreased
c.) decreased
when performing a scout image of the small bowel the CR should be centered at:
a.) ASIS
b.) 2’’ above the iliac crest
c.) the iliac crest
d.) 2’’ below the iliac crest
b.) 2’’ above the iliac crest
Which of the following is the appropriate patient prep for a small bowel series?
a.) no food after the evening meal on the day before
b.) no medications should be taken
c.) No breakfast
d.) low residue diet for 2 days
a.) no food after the evening meal on the day before
c.) No breakfast
d.) low residue diet for 2 days
Air is considered to be a ________ contrast agent.
a.) positive
b.) negative
b.) negative
An indicator of a good lateral position for the large intestine is:
a.) pelvis is rotated
b.) patient is in the sims position
c.) rectosigmoid area is not superimposed
d.) superimposed hips and femurs
d.) superimposed hips and femurs
What is the purpose of a retention cuff during a BE?
to hold in place
At which place is the CR positioned for the left anterior oblique (LAO) of the large intestine?
a.) midsagital plane
b.) a longitudinal plane directly over the vertebral column
c.) a longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side
d.) a longitudinal plane 4 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side
c.) a longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side
Supine images of the small bowel are used because:
a.) the sigmoid colon is best demonstrated
b.) the right and left flexures are best demonstrated
c.) compress the abdomen and increase image quality
d.) duodenum and jejunum are best demonstrated
d.) duodenum and jejunum are best demonstrated
The minimum source to skin distance is 12’’ for mobile fluoroscopic equippment
a.) true
b.) false
a.) true
For enema insertion the patient should be rotated:
a.) forward 35 to 40 degrees
b.) backward 30 degrees
c.) forward into the lateral position
a.) forward 35 to 40 degrees
Preperation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon includes:
1.) laxatives
2.) dietary restrictions
3.) cleansing enemas
a.) 1 and 3
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 2
d.) 1, 2 and 3
d.) 1, 2 and 3
