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UF Reviews Flashcards

1
Q

Chicken with caseonecrotic wattle +/-

sinusitis, splen/liver necrosis: dz name, etiology

A

Fowl cholera: Pasteurella multocida, domestic or wild

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2
Q

Turkey liver with target lesions, dz name, etiology

A

Called Blackhead, infectious enterohepatitis; histomonas meleagridis (protozoan) or earthworms, or cecal worm heterakis gallinarium in poultry (gallinaceous birds)

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3
Q

Blackhead/infectious enterohepatitis pathophys

A

cecal worm multiplies in cecum, enter portal circ to liver

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4
Q

Blackhead pathognomonic lesions

A

necrotizing typhlitis with caseonecrotic core; darkening of skin of head due to cyanosis

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5
Q

Dz, etio: proliferative dermatitis of face, feet, crop in domestic or wild birds

A

Avian or fowl pox from avian poxvirus

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6
Q

Describe dry form and wet form of avian pox

A

Dry: non-feathered skin (face and feet); Wet: oral cavity, trachea, esophagus

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7
Q

What two diseases (and agents) can cause necrotizing typhlitis with caseonecrotic core

A

blackhead (pasteurella multocida/earthworm/cecal worm) or coccidiosis (eimeria tenella)

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8
Q

CS of infectious coryza, agent

A

Conjunctivitis, infraorbital sinusitis, rhinitis, lower respiratory infection: avibacterium paragallinarium

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9
Q

DDx chicken sinusitis (3)

A

infectious coryza (grey semi-liquid), fowl cholera (will be more caseous), swollen head syndrome (yellow-clear/watery)

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10
Q

Chicken with trachea lesions (fibrinonecrotic or hemorrhagic tracheitis): dz, etio

A

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), gallid herpesvirus 1

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11
Q

Two lesions of Marek’ dz

A

Enlargement of sciatic nerves (lymphoma) near kidneys, follicular lymphoma (skin with white nodules)- wont see these in other Ddx that is similar to this dz

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12
Q

Agent: Marek’s dz

A

Gallid herp 2

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13
Q

Ddx marek’s dz

A

Lymphoid leukosis- tumors in kidney, spleen, liver, bursa (not in marek’s)

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14
Q

Cerebellar malacia and hemorrhage chicken brain: dz, etio

A

Crazy chick dz, encephalomalacia: vitamin E, Se deficiency d/t high levels of fat in feed (or rancid feed)

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15
Q

Chicken- edema and hemorrhage leading to bursal atrophy: name dz, agent

A

Gumboro dz, infectious bursal dx virus (birnavirus)

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16
Q

Pigeon with caseous necrosis or necrotizing stomatitis/esophagitis: dz, etio

A

Canker, trichomonas gallinae

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17
Q

What is canker called in raptors

A

Frounce

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18
Q

Ddx canker

A

wet pox, candidiasis, vit A deficiency (last two are less severe); always assme canker in pigeons/doves

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19
Q

Budgie with hyperkeratotic dermatitis of beak/face, leg: name dz, etio

A

Scaly leg and face mite- Knemidokoptes pilae

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20
Q

Forms of leg and face mite in canaries, poultry/raptors

A

Canaries (passarines)- K. jamaicensis; poultry/raptors- K. mutans

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21
Q

Rat with abdominal mass, most likely Ddx

A

mammary gibroadenoma- Mammary tumors almost ALWAYS BENIGN IN RATS

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22
Q

Mice mammary tumor- b or m

A

Almost always maligmant (esp. d/t mouse mammary tumor virus)

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23
Q

Cats- mammary tumor- b or m

A

malignant

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24
Q

Dogs- - mammary tumor- b or m

A

50/50

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25
Q

Blue and gold macaw with proventricular dilation: dz, etio

A

Proventricular dilation dz (PDD) or macaw wasting dz- avian bornavirus

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26
Q

Bat with white nose: agent

A

White nose syndrome: pseudogymnoascus destructans

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27
Q

Rabbit with fibrotic lungs: dz, etio

A

Diffuse, fibrinous pleuropneumonia: pasteurella multocida (IF YOU SEE PUS IN A RABBIT- think pasteurella)

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28
Q

Diffuse, fibrinous pleuropneumonia CS

A

Rabbits with URI, lower resp infxn, abscesses (skin, SQ, facial, abdominal, bone), otitis media, meningitis, acute septicemia

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29
Q

What is capture myopathy

A

Impala with locally extensive skeletal muscle necrosis (think of this in exotics)

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30
Q

Beak and feather dysplasia in a cockatoo: Dx, etio

A

Psittacine beak and feather dz- psittacine circovirus

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31
Q

White, necrotic, dry edges of lungs, heart and serosal surfaces in coelomic cavity: Dx, pathophys

A

Gout- deposition of urate tophi; renal dehydration –> increased uric acids –> precipitation of urate tophi; can be in kidneys, articular

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32
Q

Two Ddx for tortoise with tongue lesions

A

Fibronecrotic glossitis: herpes virus or ranavirus (»bacteria)

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33
Q

Flaky hair in rabbit- name and etio

A

Walking dandruff- cheylitiella parasitovorax

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34
Q

Enlarged eyes in turtle: etio, pathophys

A

Slider blepharedema from Vit A deficiency -> squamous metaplasia of lacrimal ducts –> obstruction –> eyelid edema

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35
Q

Crooked looking iguana (popeye appearance)- name, etio

A

Fibrous osteodystrophy- metabolic bone dz; improper Ca:P ratio

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36
Q

Pathophys of metabolic bone dz

A

Secondary nutritonal hyperPTH: Wrong Ca:P ratio d/t diet or low Vit D3 from poor UV light –> low iCa –> PTH release –> Ca from osteoclasts –> unmineralized fibrous connective tissue laid down

37
Q

Aortic atherosclerosis- species, etio

A

African Grey, Amazons (sometimes primates); multifactoria- diet, age, stress, inactivity)

38
Q

Diet factors associated with aortic atherosclerosis

A

high fat, saturated FAs- ESPECIALLY seeds

39
Q

Turtle with ear lump- etio

A

Aural abscess: Vitamin A deficiency, organochlorines (vit A disruptors), poor husbandry

40
Q

Brown discharge in rabbit ear: name, etio

A

Exudative Otitis externa, psoroptes cuniculi (think bunnicula)- goats can get as well

41
Q

Skinny, bald ferret- cause, pathophys

A

Adrenal cortical tumor (hyperplasia or adenoma or ACA)- secrete estrogenic compounds (not corticosteroids)

42
Q

CS of ferret adrenal cortical tumor

A

Alopecia, prostatic inflamation or cysts, BM suppression, vulvar enlargement, mamary development

43
Q

Snake with scale erosions or ulcerations- Dz, etio

A

Snake fungal disease: Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola (can kill captive or wild snakes)

44
Q

Two Ddx for rabbit with head tilt

A

OM via pasteurella multocida (can be staph, strep, pseudomonas) or granulomatous encephalitis from encephalitozoon cuniculi

45
Q

E. cunniculi- agent type, CS, species

A

Microsporidian; most no CS but granulomatous inflammation in kidney, brain, lung, adrenal, liver, eye; rabbits- dwarfs more susceptible to brain/eye

46
Q

Ocular form of e. cunniculi

A

Phacoclastic uveitis

47
Q

Agent, presentation- lumpy jaw in cow

A

Actinomyces bovis- proliferative and pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis of the jaw

48
Q

Heart with white plaques, seen on cut surface as well- dz, etio

A

White mm. dz- Vit E/Selenium (when white, think mineral) deficiency

49
Q

Ruminant with nodular appearance to SI mucosa- dz, etio

A

Johne’s dz- mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis

50
Q

Cause of hepatic lipidosis in cows; cause in sheep

A

Early lactation neg energy balance; (late preg in sheep)

51
Q

Cerebellar hypoplasia in cow

A

BVD in utero

52
Q

Describe Polioencephalomalacia in cow and cause

A

(no gray matter, replaced by white); Thiamine deficiency/poor metabolism; sulfur compounds, salt tox/water deprivation

53
Q

Brain with hemorrhagic lesions in cow- dz, etio

A

Thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME); histophilus somni

54
Q

CS of histophilus somni

A

Cows: TME (necrohemorrhagic encephalitis/vasculitis) > fibrinous lung/heart (papillary mm.)- resp signs and potential heart failure

55
Q

Cow with nothing in brain- absence of cerebral hemispheres, just CSF present: dz, etio

A

Hydranencephaly; akabane virus, BVDV, Rift Valley fever, bluetongue

56
Q

Sheep with nothing in brain- absence of cerebral hemispheres, just CSF present: dz, etio

A

Wesselbron dz, border dz, bluetongue

57
Q

What dz in sheep is the same as BVD in cows

58
Q

Cow- skin with bumps, lesions: dz, etio

A

Lumpy skin dz- lumpy skin dz virus (capripoxvirus)- a foreign animal dz

59
Q

Pyogranulomatous tongue lesions- cow: dz, etio

A

Wooden tongue- actinobacillus ligniersi (remember, lignin makes plants woody!!)

60
Q

Necrohemorrhagic myositis of skeletal muscle in cow- dz, etio

A

Black leg, clostridium chauvoei

61
Q

Fibrinonecrotic tracheitis in cow

A

(looks like chicken ILT) IBR (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis) d/t BHV-1

62
Q

CS of BHV 1

A

Fibrinonecrotic tracheitis, abortion, red nowconjunctivitis, pustular vaginitis/balanoposthitis, encephalomyelitis, mastitis

63
Q

Cow lungworm

A

Dichtiocaulus viviparus

64
Q

Sheep/goat lungworm

A

Dichtiocaulus filaria

65
Q

Donkey/horse lungworm

A

Dichtiocaulus arnfeldi

66
Q

Cow Volvulus v torsion, locations

A

Volv- around mesenteric axis (SI); tors: twisting along longitudinal axis (LI)

67
Q

Cow Chronic fibrinopurulent pericarditis- name

A

Hardward dz or traumatic reticulopericarditis

68
Q

Cow conjunctivitis

A

Moraxella bovis

69
Q

Cow corneal edema

A

Malignant catarrhal fever- OHV-2 (sheep associated) or alcelaphine herpesvirus 2 (wildebeest assoc)

70
Q

CS of Malignant catarrhal fever

A

Corneal edema (secondary to vasculitis), lip/oral ulcers (+/- esoph, forestomachs), corneal ulcers, interstitial nephritis

71
Q

Mottled red/white liver in cow

A

Nutmeg liver (chronic passive congestion)

72
Q

Proliferative oral lesions in cow on muzzle, lips, oral mucosa, +/- esoph/forestomachs

A

Bovine papular stomatitis; parapoxvirus (bov. pap. stomatitis virus)

73
Q

Fibrinonecrotic laryngitis in cow

A

Calf diptheria- fusobacterium necrophorum secondary to trauma (esp balling guns)

74
Q

Cow- Intestine with elongated ulcers

A

Necrosis peyers patches of BVDV, salmonella, rinderpest (eradicated)

75
Q

Most likely cause of lymphoma in cows

A

Bovine leukemia virus (retrovirus)

76
Q

LSA locations- cow

A

Heart, LN, uterus, abomasum, spinal canal, liver, spleen, others

77
Q

Lungs with caseous large nodules- horse

A

Granulomatous pneumonia from mycobacterium bovis (REPORTABLE)

78
Q

Horse- multifocal necrotic lesions on kidney- dz, etio

A

Dehydrated horse on NSAIDs

79
Q

Pathophys of Multifocal renal papillary necrosis

A

Inhibition of Cox leads to decreased PGE2 causing loss of vasodilation leading to renal papillary iscemia and necrosis

80
Q

Cranial mesenteric artery in horse with endarteritis

A

Strongylus vulgaris nematode, large strongyle

81
Q

Life cycle of strongylus vulgaris

A

Adult in intestine, L4 penetrates to Cr. mesenteric a., 3-4 months later molt to L5, return to cecum wall and colon via intestinal arteries

82
Q

Bump on withers of horse- dz, etio

A

Fistulous withers- supraspinous bursitis: brucella abortus, onchocerca cervicalis, actinomyces bovis, strep equi zoo

83
Q

What is poll evil

A

supra-atlantal bursitis (bump on poll)

84
Q

Atrophy of infraspinatus and supraspinatus mm. in horse: dz, etio

A

Sweeny - suprascapular nerve injury

85
Q

Horse with vulvar pustules: dz, etio

A

Coital exanthema (ulcerative vulvitis): EHV-3 (can also be penis/prepuce); can be inapparent carriers

86
Q

Horse- pyogranulomatous lung lesions - etio, other sites

A

Rhodococcus equi; half of foals with lung lesions will also have colon/cecum/LN lesions

87
Q

Tiny multifocal ulcers on horse colon- dz, etio

A

Larval cyathostomiasis: multifocal encysted nematodes: small stronglyes (many species); horse with sudden weight loss and diarrhea assoc with mass emergence of larvae

88
Q

Horse brain with white lesions in brain- dz, etio

A

Leukoencephalomalacia from moldy corn- fumosinin toxicity

89
Q

Symmetric holes in horse brain- dz, etio

A

Nigropalladial encephalomalacia- yellow star thistle or russian knapweed

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