UE: OAI + innervation Flashcards
Deltoid
N: axillary nerve; C5,C6
O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity
A:
- all fibers: abduct g/h
- ant fibers: flex, medially rotate, horizontally rotate g/h
- post fibers: extend, laterally rotate, horizontally adduct g/h
Teres minor
N: axillary nerve; C5, C6
O: upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotate, adduct, stabilize g/h
Coracobrachialis
N: musculocutaneous nerve; C6, C7
O: coracoid process of the scapula
I: medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
A: flex and adduct g/h
Biceps brachii
N: musculocutaneous nerve; C5, C6
O:
- short head: coracoid process of scapula
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii
A: flex h/u; supinate r/u; flex g/h
Brachialis
N: musculocutaneous nerve; C5, C6
O: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
A: flex h/u
Brachioradialis
N: radial nerve; C5, C6
O: proximal 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
A: flex h/u; assist to probate and supinate the forearm when these movements are resisted (h/u)
Triceps brachii
N: radial nerve; C6, C7, C8, T1
O:
- long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
- lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus
- medial head: posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
I: olecranon process of the ulna
A:
- all heads: extend h/u
- long head: extend and adduct g/h
Anconeus
N: radial nerve; C7, C8
O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: olecranon process and posterior, proximal surface of ulna
A: extend h/u
Extensor carpi radialis longus
N: radial nerve; C5, C6, C7, C8
O: distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: base of 2nd/3rd (brevis) metacarpal
A: extend and abduct r/c; assist to flex h/u
Extensor carpi ulnaris
N: radial nerve; C5, C6, C7, C8
O: common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal
A: extend and adduct r/c
Supinator
N: radial nerve; C5, C6, C7
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament and supinator crest of the ulna
I: anterior, lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft
A: supinate r/u
Extensor digitorum
N: radial nerve; C6, C7, C8
O: common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: bases of middle/distal phalanges of 2-5
A: extend 2-5 fingers MCP and IP
Pronator teres
N: median nerve; C6, C7
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
I: middle of lateral surface of the radius
A: probate r/u and assist to flex h/u
Pronator quadratus
N: median nerve; C7, C8, T1
O: medial, anterior surface of distal ulna
I: lateral, anterior surface of distal radius
A: pronate r/u
Flexor carpi radialis
N: median nerve; C6, C7, C8
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
I: bases of 2-3 metacarpals
A: flex and abduct r/c; assist to flex h/u
Flexor carpi ulnaris
N: ulnar nerve; C7, C8, T1
O:
- humeral head: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
- ulnar head: posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, and base 5 metacarpal
A: flex and adduct r/c; assist to flex h/u
Palmaris longus
N: median nerve; C6, C&, C8, T1
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
I: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
A: tense palmar fascia; flex r/c; assist to flex h/u
Flexor digitorum superficialis
N: median nerve; C7, C8, T1
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interossei us membrane and proximal shaft of radius
I: sides of middle phalanges of 2-5
A: flex 2-5 MCP and PIP; flex wrist
Flexor digitorum profundus
N: median and ulnar nerves; C7,C8, T1
O: anterior and medial surfaces of proximal 3/4 of ulna
I: bases of distal phalanges, palmar surface of 2-5
A: flex 2-5 MCP and DIP; assist to flex r/c
Opponens pollicis
N: median nerve; C6, C7, C8, T1
O: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
I: entire length of 1 metacarpal bone, radial surface
A: opposition CMC
Sternocleidomastoid
N: accessory nerve; C2, C3
O:
- sternal head: top of manubrium
- clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
A:
- uni: laterally flex head/neck ss; rotate head/neck oppo
- bi: flex neck; assist to elevate rib cage during inhalation
Scalenes
N: cervical spinal nerves; C3-C8 O: - ant: transverse process of C3-6 - mid: transverse process of C2-7 - post: transverse process C6-7 I: - ant/mid: 1st rib - post: 2nd rib A: - uni: rotate head/neck oppo; with ribs fixed, laterally rotate head/neck ss - bi: elevate ribs during inhalation; flex head/neck
Diaphragm
N: phrenic nerve; C3-C5 O: - costal: inner surface of lower 6 ribs - lumbar: upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae - sternal: inner part of diploid process I: central tendon A: draw down central tendon of diaphragm; increase volume of thoracic cavity during inhalation
Supraspinatus
N: suprascapular nerve; C4-C6
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: abduct and stabilize g/h
Infraspinatus
N: suprascapular nerve; C4-C6
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: laterally rotate, adduct, stabilize g/h
Subscapularis
N: upper and lower subsapular nerve; C5-C7
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medially rotate and stabilize g/h
Teres major
N: lower subscapular nerve; C5-C7
O: inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula
I: crest of the lesser tubercle of humerus
A: extend, adduct, medially rotate g/h
Latissimus dorsi
N: throcacodorsal nerve; C6-C8
O: inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, last 3 or 4 ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
I: intertubercular groove of humerus
A; extend, adduct, medially rotate g/h
Levator scapula
N: cervical spinal nerves/dorsal scapular nerve; C3-C5
O: transvers processes of C1-4
I: medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula
A:
- uni: elevate and downwardly rotate scapula; laterally flex and rotate head/neck ss
- bi: extend head/neck
Rhomboids
N: dorsal scapular nerve; C4, C5
O:
- major: spinous process T2-5
- minor: spinous porcesss C7-T1
I:
- major: medial border of scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle
- minor: upper portion of medial border of the scapula across from spine of scapula
A: adduct, elevate, downwardly rotate scapula
Pectoralis major
N: medial and lateral nerve; C5-T1
O: medial 1/2 of clavicle, sternum, and cartilage of 1-6 ribs
I: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
A:
- all: adduct and medially rotate g/h; assist to elevate thorax during forced inhalation
- upper: flex and horizontally adduct g/h
- lower: extend g/h
Pectoralis minor
N: medial pectoral nerve with fibers of a communicating branch of lateral pectoral nerve; C6-T1
O: 3-5 ribs
I: medial surface of coracoid process of scapula
A: depress, abduct, downwardly rotate scapula; assist to elevate thorax during forced inhalation (scapula fixed)
Serratus anterior
N: long thoracic nerve; C5-C8
O: external surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs
I: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
A:
- origin fixed: abduct, upwardly rotate, depress, hold medial border of scapula against ribs
- scapula fixed: may act to elevate thorax during forced inhalation
Trapezius
N: cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve) and ventral rami of C2-C4; C2-C4
O: external occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T12
I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
A:
- bi: extend head and neck
- uni: laterally flex head/neck ss, rotate head/neck oppo; elevate and upwardly rotate scapula
- mid: adduct and stabilize scapula
- low: depress and upwardly rotate scapula
UE nerve branches and their roots
- Axillary C5-6
- Musculocutaneous C5-7
- Radial C5-T1
- Median C5-T1
- Ulnar C8-T1
Axillary nerve mm innervations
C5-C6 - posterior cord
- deltoid
- teres minor
Musculocutaneous nerve mm innervations
C6-C7 - lateral cord
- coracobrachialis
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
Radial nerve mm innervations
C5-T1 - posterior cord
- brachioradialis C5-6
- triceps brachii C6-T1
- anconeus C7-8
- extensor carpi radialis longus and ulnaris C5-8
- supinator C5-7
- extensor digitorum C6-C8
Median nerve mm innervations
C5-T1 - medial/lateral cord combo
- pronator teres C6-7
- pronator quadratus C7-T1
- flexor carpi radialis C6-8
- palmaris longus C6-T1
- flexor digitorum superficialis C7-T1
- flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar as well) C7-T1
- opponens pollicis C6-T1
Ulnar nerve
C8-T1 - medial cord
- flexor carpi radialis
- flexor digitorum profundus (median as well) C7-T1
