LE: OAI + innervation

Question 1

Pectineus

Answer 1

N: femoral and obturator nerve L2-L4
O: superior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line of femur
A: adduct, medially rotate, assist to flex coxal joint

Question 2

Rectus abdominis

Answer 2

N: ventral rami T5-T12
O: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
I: cartilage of 5-7 ribs and diploid process
A: flex the vertebral column and tilit pelvis posteriorly

Question 3

Vastus lateralis

Answer 3

N: femoral nerve L2-L4
O: lateral lip of línea áspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
I: tibial tuberosity (via patella and patellar tendon)
A: extend tibiofemoral joint

Question 4

Adductor Magnus

Answer 4

N: obturator and sciatic nerves L2-S1
O: inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ishcium, and ischial tuberosity
I: medial lip of línea áspera and adductor tubercle
A: - all fibers: adduct, medially rotate, assist to flex coxal joint
- posterior fibers: extend coxal joint

Question 5

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 5

N: tibial nerve L5-S2
O: middle, posterior surface of tibia
I: distal phalanges of 2-5 toes
A: flex 2-5 toes (MTP and IP joints); weak plantar flexion of talocrural joint; invert the foot

Question 6

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 6

N: peroneal nerve L4-S1
O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: middle and distal phalanges of 2-5 toes
A: extend 2-5 toes (MTP and IP joints); dorsiflexion talocrural joint; evert foot

Question 7

Vastus medialis

Answer 7

N: femoral nerve L2-L4
O: medial lip of línea áspera
I: tibial tuberosity (via patella and patellar tendon)
A: extend tibiofemoral joint

Question 8

Gastrocnemius

Answer 8

N: tibial nerve S1-S2
O: condyles of the femur; posterior surfaces
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A: flex tibiofemoral joint; plantarflexion talocrural joint

Question 9

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 9

N: deep peroneal nerve L4-S1
O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
I: medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
A: invert the foot; dorsiflexion talocrural joint

Question 10

Adductor Longus

Answer 10

N: obturator nerve L2-L4
O: pubic tubercle
I: medial lip of línea áspera
A: adduct, medially rotate, assist to flex coxal joint

Question 11

Transversospinalis group

Answer 11

Multifidi and rotatores
N: spinal nerves - none
O: - m: sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
- r: transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through C2 (m span 2-4 v, r span 1-2 v)
A: - uni: rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side
- bi: extend the vertebral column

Question 12

Sartorius

Answer 12

N: Femoral nerve L2-L4
O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
A: flex, laterally rotate, and abduct coxal joint; flex and medially rotate flexed T/F joint

Question 13

Iliopsoas (psoas major)

Answer 13

N: femoral nerve and lumbar plexus L1-L4
O: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter
A: - with origin fixed: flex and maybe laterally rotate coxal joint
- with insertion fixed: flex trunk toward the thigh; tilt pelvis anteriorly
- unilaterally: assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine

Question 14

Rectus femoris

Answer 14

N: femoral nerve L2-L4
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: tibial tuberosity (via patella and patellar tendon)
A: extend tibiofemoral joint; flex coxal joint

Question 15

External oblique

Answer 15

N: ventral rami T5-T12
O: external surfaces of 5-12 ribs
I: anterior part of the iliac crest abdominal aponeurosis to línea alba
A: - uni: laterally flex vertebral column to ss; rotate vertebral column to oppo
- bi: flex vertebral column; compress abdominal contents

Question 16

Soleus

Answer 16

N: tibial nerve L5-S2
O: soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A: plantar flex talocrural joint

Question 17

Erector spinae group

Answer 17

Spinalis + longissimus + iliocostalis
N: spinal nerves - none
O: common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last 2 thoracic vertebrae
I: various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae and mastoid process of temporal bone
A: - uni: laterally flex vertebral column to ss
- bi: extend the vertebral column

Question 18

Internal oblique

Answer 18

N: iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves, and ventral rami T7-L1
O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
I: internal surface of lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to línea alba
A: -uni: laterally flex and rotate vertebral column to ss
- bi: flex vertebral column; compress abdominal contents

Question 19

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 19

N: superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
O: gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: anterior aspect of greater trochanter
A: abduct, medially rotate, and flex coxal joint

Question 20

Biceps femoris

Answer 20

N: sciatic nerve L4-S3
O: - long head: ischial tuberosity
- short head: lateral lip of línea áspera
I: head of the fibula
A: - all fibers: flex and laterally rotate flexed knee; tilt pelvis posteriorly
- long head: extend and assist to laterally rotate coxal joint

Question 21

Vastus intermedios

Answer 21

N: femoral nerve L2-L4
O: anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
I: tibial tuberosity (via patella and patellar tendon)
A: extend tibiofemoral joint

Question 22

Adductor Brevis

Answer 22

N: obturator nerve L2-L4
O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line and medial lip of línea áspera
A: adduct, medially rotate, assist to flex coxal joint

Question 23

Grácilis

Answer 23

N: obturator nerve L2-L4
O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
A: - all: adduct and medially rotate coxal joint
- G: flex and medially rotate flexed tibiofemoral joint

Question 24

Tensor fascia latae

Answer 24

N: superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
O: iliac crest, posterior to ASIS
I: iliotibial tract
A: flex, medially rotate, abduct coxal joint

Question 25

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 25

N: inferior gluteal nerve L5-S2
O: coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
I: iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
A: - all fibers: extend, laterally rotate, abduct coxal joint
- lower fibers: adduct coxal joint

Question 26

Transverse abdominis

Answer 26

N: iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves, and ventral rami T&-L1
O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumnar fascia, and internal surface of lower 6 ribs
I: abdominal aponeurosis to línea alba
A: compress abdominal contents

Question 27

Piriformis

Answer 27

N: sacral plexus L5-S2
O: anterior surface of sacrum
I: superior aspect of greater trochanter
A: laterally rotate and abduct (when hip flexed) coxal joint

Question 28

Iliopsoas (iliacus)

Answer 28

N: femoral nerve and lumbar plexus L1-L4
O: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter
A: - with origin fixed: flex and may laterally rotate coxal joint
- with insertion fixed: flex the trunk toward thigh; tilt pelvis anteriorly

Question 29

Tibialis posterior

Answer 29

N: tibial nerve L4-S1
O: proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
I: all 5 tarsal bones and bases of 2-5 metatarsals
A: invert the foot; plantar flex the talocrural joint

Question 30

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 30

N: lumbar plexus T12-L3
O: posterior iliac crest
I: last rib and transverse processes of 1-4 lumbar vertebrae
A: - uni: laterally tilt the pelvis; laterally flex vertebral column to ss; assist to extend the vertebral column
- bi: fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation

Question 31

Gluteus Medius

Answer 31

N: superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
O: gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
I: lateral aspect of greater trochanter
A: - all fibers: abduct coxal joint
- anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate coxal joint
- posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate coxal joint