U8S4 Crime And Punishment

Question 1

Capital punishment

Answer 1

The death penalty for committing a crime or offence

Question 2

Crime

Answer 2

An act against the law

Question 3

Deterrence

Answer 3

The idea punishment should be at the nature that they will put people off (deter) committing crimes

Question 4

Judgement

Answer 4

The act of judging people and their actions

Question 5

Justice

Answer 5

Due allocation of reward and punishment/the maintenance of what is right

Question 6

Law

Answer 6

Rules made by Parliament unenforceable by courts

Question 7

Rehabilitation

Answer 7

Restorer to normal life

Question 8

Responsibility

Answer 8

Being responsible for one’s actions

Question 9

Retribution

Answer 9

The idea that punishments should make criminals pay for what they have done wrong

Question 10

Sin

Answer 10

An act that goes against the will of God

Question 11

Addiction

Answer 11

Recurring compulsion to engage in an activity regardless of its bad effects

Question 12

Why do we need the law?

Answer 12

To protect the way
To create peace for everyone to live in
To be kept safe from criminals
To give guidelines on acceptable behaviour
To be able to live without fear
To be protected from violence

Question 13

Explain justice and the problems caused by it

Answer 13

• Justice comes on the course because they apply the law fairly
• Justices the process of allocating the rewards or punishments and upholding what is right
• there can be problems with the government passed a law which people think is unfair or unjust

Question 14

Explain sin

Answer 14

• A sin as an action that goes against the will of God
• Some crimes of sins for example murder
• Other sins such as adultery and not against the law

Question 15

Arguments against deterrence and retribution

Answer 15

Deterrence doesn’t work – nearly half of all criminals reoffend and prisons are full
Retribution doesn’t always work – some victims feel that criminals do not get severe enough punishment

Question 16

Arguments against reform and protection

Answer 16

• reform is seem to go against punishment as it gives criminals more chances
• protection only works if criminals are in prison but many are released back into society

Question 17

Explain Christian teachings on justice

Answer 17

– God is just and people should behave in the same way
– Jesus taught that everyone should be treated fairly e.g. the rich helping the poor
– Jesus taught the golden rule
– Or Christian churches teach that Christians should behave in a just manner
– On Judgement Day, God will judge all humans according to how they have behaved. I have behaved justly they will be rewarded in heaven
– It’s up to God is how to judge people and he’ll forgive those who are truly sorry for what they have done and want to change

Question 18

How can Christians follow Jesus’ teachings

Answer 18

– Ensuring resources are shared equally
– Giving to charity or working in areas of hardship
– Campaigning for governments and organisations to help other nations
– Helping those who are oppressed

Question 19

What can Christian aid do for justice

Answer 19

– Working in areas of poverty
– Helps those in need and campaigns against injustice and oppression to the poor
– Seeks to change government policy
– Campaigns for an end to unjust debts imposed on poorer nations

Question 20

What can see CAFOD do for justice

Answer 20

-Catholic fund for overseas development
– Campaigns for justice for the poor
– Has campaigned against landmines, the debt owed by the third world and for the rich to be more active in helping the poor and oppressed

Question 21

Reform

Answer 21

The idea that punishments should try to change criminals so that they will not commit crimes again

Question 22

Muslim teachings on justice

Answer 22

– On the last day God will reward those who have been just unfair towards others
– The Qur’an teaches that God wants people to act fairly towards everyone
– Everyone is equal and is under Islamic law
– The Shari’ah (law of God) requires justice for all
– Mohammed always acted in a just way

Question 23

Why do Muslims work for justice?

Answer 23

– To obey the Qur’an
– To fulfil Shari’ah law
– To for fill the five pillars for example Zakah is a tax of 2.5% on every Muslim income which is given to the poor.
– Muslims are encouraged to give Sadaqah, voluntary donations to charity and to act charitable to others
– To please Allah. Muslims believe Allah is watching every action they perform

Question 24

What can Muslim aid do for justice

Answer 24

– It works to relieve poverty and secure justice for the poor and oppressed
– It also aims to get richer nations to help poorer ones and remove oppression

Question 25

What can Islamic Relief do for justice?

Answer 25

– It improve the lives of people affected by poverty, wars and natural disasters
– It also provides emergency food and medical relief

Question 26

Non religious arguments FOR Capital punishment

Answer 26

– The death-penalty is a deterrence and stops people committing crimes
– The value of human life is made clear by taking it away from those who kill others
– It can make people confess their crime in return for a lesser sentence
– Society can rid it self of the most dangerous criminals
– Execution is retribution for taking the life of another and may help the victims family
– He has a good psychological affect on society who see the idea of bad things happening to bad people is fair

Question 27

Nonreligious arguments AGAINST Capital punishment

Answer 27

– The countries that have the death-penalty don’t seem to have a low crime rate
– Many people have been executed but have later turned out to be innocent
– Some people see execution as “murder quotation”So it is as bad as the criminals act
– Human life is special and should not be taken away under any circumstances
– Terrorists who are executed may be seen as heroes and this can further increase terrorist acts
– Some people feel execution is in an easier punishment than life imprisonment and the criminal escapes true justice

Question 28

Christian attitudes FOR capital punishment

Answer 28

– The old Testament teaches that’s death penalty should be used for some crimes
– Jesus never told that the death penalty was wrong
– In the middle ages the Christian church used the death-penalty against those who challenged the authority of the church
– Saint Paul teaches (new Testament) the Christians should obey and accept the laws of the country. This may include the death-penalty

Question 29

Christian attitudes AGAINST capital punishment

Answer 29

– It goes against the sanctity of life- only God should have the right to give and take away life.
– Most Christian churches have spoken out against capital punishment
– The overall message of Christianity is love and forgiveness so capital punishment goes against this.
– Jesus cans to earth to save and reform people, this can’t be done with capital punishment

Question 30

Are most Muslims for or against the death penalty?

Answer 30

FOR - Islam is in principle, in favour of the death penalty for some crimes.

Question 31

Muslim attitudes FOR capital punishment

Answer 31

– The Qur’an says the death penalty can be used for certain crimes such as adultery and murder
– Shari’ah agrees with the Qur’an
– Muhammad made statements suggesting he agreed with the death-penalty
– When Muhammed was the ruler of Medina, he sentenced people to death for committing murder

Question 32

Muslim attitudes AGAINST capital punishment

Answer 32

– The scholars of Shari’ah do not agree when or how the death penalty should be applied
– The Qur’an states that capital punishment is one option-it is not compulsory
– Strict conditions given by the Koran about capital punishment are often not met
– In some countries Shari’ah has been seen to have oppressed the poor and women receive the death penalty for adultery
– Some Muslims are persuaded by nonreligious arguments against capital punishment

Question 33

What are the UK alcohol laws?

Answer 33

– Children under 16 are not allowed in a pub/bar unless with an adult
– Under 18s are not allowed to drink alcohol in a pub/bar except if 16/17 and having a meal
– Alcohol can be served 24 hours a day in licensed premises
– It is illegal for anyone under 18 to buy alcohol
– Everywhere that sells alcohol has to have a licence
– It is illegal for anyone to try and buy for a child

Question 34

Why does the UK have drug and alcohol laws?

Answer 34

– Children need protection from some drugs
– Some drugs can cause social problems
– Alcohol and drugs can be addictive
– Alcohol and drugs can have a negative affect on a persons health

Question 35

Name the social and health problems caused by drinking alcohol and taking drugs

Answer 35

– Violence
– Homelessness
– Overdose
– Debt
– Addiction
– Crime
– Disorderly behaviour
– Unemployment
– Mental illnesses
– Family/relationship breakdown
– Serious illness

Question 36

Do you think all drugs should be made illegal?

Answer 36

– Drugs can cause possible loss of incentive to work and maintain a regular lifestyle
– Serious overdose is a real danger
– There are serious psychological effects of drug addiction even after beating it
– Drugs affect the brain and can lead to mental illnesses and loss of brain function

Question 37

Do you think alcohol and smoking should be made illegal?

Answer 37

– Health problems from drinking include heart disease, stroke, liver disease and cancer
– Psychological and emotional breakdowns are also common affects
– Smoking leads to a range of health problems including cancer, lung disease and high blood pressure
– Smokers have poor dental health and smell of nicotine smoke
– The addictive nature of smoking can interfere with romantic and social relationships

Question 38

Why do Christians believe that taking drugs is wrong?

Answer 38

– The Bible teaches that Christians should follow the law of the land in which they live
– Illegal drugs are illegal because they are dangerous
– Many illegal drug users turn to crime
– Drug abuse at least a family breakups and makes people antisocial
– Illegal drugs change a persons behaviour

Question 39

Christian attitudes FOR drinking alcohol

Answer 39

– The Bible does not forbid alcohol
– Jesus himself drank wine and performed a miracle of turning water into wine
– Jesus gave his disciples wine at the last supper
– S.T Paul told his friend Timothy to drink wine to help with digestion

Question 40

Christian attitudes AGAINST alcohol

Answer 40

– Drinking alcohol in pairs a persons judgement and their ability to act in a Christian way
– There are many other types of drink today
– Alcohol is much stronger today than in the past
– It is best to avoid offending others so do not drink it so

Question 41

Muslim attitudes AGAINST drinking alcohol

Answer 41

– Humans were created by Allah and people should look after their bodies are not abusing
– Muhammad taught about the dangers of alcohol and drugs
– The effects of drugs could mean that Muslims are more likely to commit other sins
– All Muslims should obey the law of the land they where they live. Use of certain drugs is against the law in the UK and carries severe punishment in Muslim countries
– Effects of drugs would mean Muslims would not be able to pray or perform their religious duties
– The Qur’an says intoxicants are haram (forbidden)

Question 42

Muslim teachings on drugs and alcohol

Answer 42

– All Muslims should avoid intoxicants because drugs and alcohol can affect a person and hinder their daily lives
– Drugs and alcohol will have a negative effect on a person’s relationships with others
– Muhammad referred to alcohol as the mother of all sins