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HHD > U4 O2 ch 11/12/13 > Flashcards

U4 O2 ch 11/12/13 Flashcards

1
Q

Years of The SDGs

A

2016 – 2030

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2
Q

Organisation responsible for developing the sustainable development goals

A

United Nations

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3
Q

The Rationale for the SDGs (3)

A
  1. MDGs ended so a new set of goals needed to be developed to continue the work that it started such as reducing extreme poverty.
  2. Progress in all areas was uneven across regions and countries
  3. New global challenges had emerged that needed to be considered. Challenges such as increasing conflict, extremism, economic and financial instability, environmental changes
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4
Q

The Objectives of the SDGs (3)

A
  1. end extreme poverty (economic)
  2. fight inequality and injustice (social)
  3. address climate change. (environmental)
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5
Q

Why is ending extreme poverty an objective (1e)

A

Extreme poverty means that one struggles to afford basic resources = high number of preventable deaths

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6
Q

Why is fighting inequality and injustice an objective (2e)

A
  1. Is about improving the rights and social protection of all people, regardless of personal characteristics such as their race, religion, and gender.
  2. It is important as all people have the right to receive an education, healthcare, live freely and safely and participate in the life of their community without risk of violence or discrimination.
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7
Q

Why is tackling climate change an objective (1)^(1e)

A
  1. To sustain levels of human development
    ^ The environment is relied on for basic resources and climate change can destroy these = quality of life decreases
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8
Q

What is universal health coverage (UHC) (1)

A

Ensuring all people have access to quality health services and promotion, regardless of their financial status and where they live.

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9
Q

What are the five areas of imPortance for humanity and the planet (5)

A
  1. Prosperity
  2. People
  3. Partnership
  4. Planet
  5. Peace
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10
Q

[Five areas of imPortance]
Why is People chosen to be important (1)

A

Need human rights

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11
Q

[Five areas of imPortance]
Why is Planet chosen to be important (1)

A

Need natural resources

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12
Q

[Five areas of imPortance]
Why is Partnership chosen to be important (1)

A

High income countries need to help low-income countries

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13
Q

[Five areas of imPortance]
Why is Peace chosen to be important (2)

A
  1. Everyone’s h+w will be drastically impacted if they live in a war zone
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14
Q

[Five areas of imPortance]
Why is Prosperity chosen to be important

A

Need economic growth

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15
Q

Nature of the SDGs (2)

A
  1. They are all interconnected, integrated, indivisible.
  2. Requires collaboration across all sectors and at national, international, regional and local levels
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16
Q

What is the acronym for UN SDGs

A

New Zealand’s Good Quality Guys Cook Clams

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17
Q

What is SDG 1 and what does it seek to do (1)^(1)

A
  1. No poverty
    ^ Seeks to remove poverty and inequality within and among nations
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18
Q

What is SDG 2 and what does it seek to do (1)^(2)

A
  1. Zero Hunger
    ^ Seeks to end all forms of hunger and malnutrition
    ^ Ensures all people have access to nutritious food all year round by promoting sustainable agriculture
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19
Q

Define food security

A

The state in which all persons obtain nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate, safe food regularly though local non-emergency sources.

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20
Q

What is SDG 3 and what does it seek to do (1)^(1)

A
  1. Good Health and Wellbeing
    ^ Seeks to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages
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21
Q

What is SDG 4 and what does it seek to do (1)^(2)

A
  1. Quality Education
    ^ Seeks to address the need for girls and boys to have equal access to high quality education at all levels, from pre-primary through to tertiary
    ^ To develop the vocational skills needed for employment.
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22
Q

What is SDG 5 and what does it seek to do (1)^(1)

A
  1. Gender Equality
    ^ Seeks to end discrimination and violence against women and girls by addressing barriers
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23
Q

What is SDG 6 and what does it seek to do (1)^(1)

A
  1. Clean Water and Sanitation
    ^ Seeks to ensure that all people are able to enjoy clean water and adequate sanitation
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24
Q

What is SDG 13 and what does it seek to do (1)^(1)

A
  1. Climate Action
    ^ Seeks to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
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25
Q

Key features of SDG 3 (8)

A

MUNCHERS - good h+w = icespice

[shortened]
1. M - Maternal
2. U - Universal
3. N - Non-commuicable
4. C - Children
5. H - Healthcare
6. E - Epidemics
7. R - Road
8. S - Substance

[full]
1. M - reduce Maternal Mortality
2. U - achieve Universal health coverage
3. N - reduce Non-communicable diseases
4. C - end preventable deaths of newborns and Children under five
5. H - increase investment in Healthcare services and qualified Healthcare staff
6. E - End the Epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases
7. R - Reduce Road traffic accidents
8. S - reduce Substance abuse, including drugs and alcohol

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26
Q

Key features of SDG 1 - No Poverty (4)

A

HERD - herd of People = p = Poverty

[shortened]
1. H - Halve
2. E - Extreme
3. R - Resources
4. D - Disasters

[full]
1. H - Halving poverty
2. E - Eradicating Extreme poverty
3. R - ensuring equal rights and access to essential Resources
4. D - reducing exposure to environmental Disasters that result in poverty

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27
Q

Key features of SDG 2 - Zero Hunger (5)

A

SHrIMP

[shortened]
1. S - Seed
1. H - Hunger
2. I - Investment
3. M - Malnutrition
4. P - Productivity

[full]
1. S - genetic diversity of Seeds
2. H - end Hunger
3. I - Increase Investment in agricultural infrastructure, research and technology
4. M - end all forms of Malnutrition
5. P - double agricultural Productivity

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28
Q

Key features of SDG 4 - Quality Education (4)

A

L(EF)TS = left handed writing - literacy - education

[shortened]
1. L - Literacy
2. Education Facilities
3. T - Teachers
4. S - Scholarships

[full]
1. L - adequate Literacy and numeracy
2. EF - build and upgrade Education Facilities
3. T - increase the number of qualified Teachers
4. S - more Scholarships

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29
Q

Key features of SDG 5 - Gender Equity (4)

A

HAVE - both genders HAVE!

[shortened]
1. H - Harmful
2. A - Access
3. V - Violence
4. E - Equal

[full]
1. H - Harmful practices
2. A - ensure universal Acess to sexual and reproductive health
3. V - end all Violence against women and girls
4. E - Ensure women have Equal rights to Economic resources

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30
Q

Key features of SDG 6 - Clean water and sanitation (4)

A

SPEW - water spout spews water

[shortened]
1. S - Sanitation
2. P - Pollution
3. E - Ecosystem
4. W - Water

[full]
1. S - enable access to adequate and equitable Sanitation and hygiene for all
2. P - improve water quality by reducing Pollution
3. E - protect and restore water-related Ecosystems
4. W - achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking Water

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31
Q

Key features of SDG 13 - Climate Action (4)

A

FIRE - bushfires - global warming - climate change - climate action

[shortened]
1. F - Funds
2. I - Integrate
3. R - Resilience
4. E - Education

[full]
1. F - Funds for low/middle-income countries to implement strategies to reduce climate change
2. I - Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
3. R - Resilience of all countries to adapt to climate-related hazards and natural disasters
4. E - improve Education to prevent/reduce environmental degregation

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32
Q

Define Human Development (1)

A
  1. Creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. It is about expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities (the range of things people can be and do), having access to knowledge, health and decent standard of living, and participating in the life of their community and decisions affecting their lives.
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33
Q

When was the WHO established

A

1948

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34
Q

Features of Human Development

A

3 Ps & 3 Cs
P.P.P.C.C.K.H.D

Potential
Productive
Participate
Choices
Capabilities
Knowledge
Health
Decent standard of living

35
Q

List the priorities of the WHO (3)

A
  1. Provide health, achieving universal health coverage
  2. Protect health, addressing health emergencies
  3. Promote health, promoting healthier population
36
Q

Briefly describe WHO priority - Provide health (3)

A
  1. Achieve universal health coverage
  2. Ensuring all people can access the health services they need regardless of their financial state or where they live
  3. FOCUS - HEALTH CARE, MEDICINCES, AND HEALTH SYSTEMS
37
Q

Briefly describe WHO priority - Protect health (3)

A
  1. Addressing health emergencies
  2. Reducing the impact of risks to health such as the outbreak of infectious diseases
  3. FOCUS – DISEASE OUTBREAKS, AND THE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS HELPING COUNTRIES HANDLE THE OUTBREAKS
38
Q

Briefly describe WHO priority - Promote health (3)

A
  1. Promoting healthier populations
  2. Improving health and wellbeing for 1 billion more people
  3. FOCUS – SDG 3 + ANTIMICROBIOL RESISTANCE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN SMALL ISALND STATES AND VULNERABLE COUNTRIES.
39
Q

Work of the WHO in priority ‘Provide Health’ (5)

A

FBI Works Provision

[shortened]
1. F - Funding
2. B - Barriers
3. I - Interventions
4. W - Workers
5. P - Policies …Provision

[full]
1. F - provides Funding models for public health systems
2. B - help identify Barriers to accessing health services and provide solutions
3. I - assist with the development of health promotion Interventions such as FCOTC
4.W - assists in the training of health care Workers.
5. P - Ensure policies are developed which target provision of quality affordable, essential medicines and vaccines

40
Q

Work of the WHO in priority ‘Protect Health’ (4)

A

RAPE - must protect from rape to achieve good health

[shortened]
1. R - Relief
2. A - Access
3. P - Policies
4. E - Early warning

[full]
1. R - helps countries to coordinate Relief efforts in times of disaster
2. A - ensure populations affected by health emergencies have Access to life saving health services such as medicines and vaccines
3. P - assists with developing Policies and regulations to prevent and manage disease outbreaks
4. E - helps countries to strengthen Early warning systems in preparation for times of disaster

41
Q

WHO’s vision

A

A world in which all people achieve the highest possible standard of h+w

42
Q

WHO’s mission (3)

A

1.To promote health
2. Keep the world safe
3. Save the vulnerable

43
Q

Work of the WHO in priority ‘Promote Health’ (4)

A

RM Promotes Drugs

[shortened]
1. R - Research
2. M - Monitor
3. P - Policies
4. D - Data

[full]
1. R - conduct Research to improve the ways in which diseases can be prevented, diagnosed, managed and treated
2. M - Monitor progress made towards achieving the SDGs which can assist in identifying areas that require further action
3. P - Provides Policies relating to infant feeding guidelines who reduce the risk of preventable child deaths
4. D - collects Data using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) to monitor the impacts of diseases and evaluate the effectiveness of programs and initiatives

44
Q

[General] Work of the WHO (6)

A

TRAMPOLINE - The WHO works to improve physical health, trampoline is a source of exercise for children.

TRaMPoLiNe, take out vowels.
TRMPLN

[shortened]
1. T - Technical
2. R - Research
3. M - Monitor
4. P - Policies
5. L - Leadership
6. N - Norms

[full]
1. T - provide Technical support and help build sustainable health systems
2. R - conduct Research and provide h+w info
3. M - Monitor h+w and access h+w trends
4. P - develop Policies to assist countries to take action to promote h+w
5. L - provide Leadership and create partnership to promote h+w
6. N - set Norms and standards and promote and monitor their implementation.

45
Q

What is Emergency Aid (2)

A
  1. Rapid and short term assistance to keep people alive
  2. Given to people or countries in immediate distress during and after emergencies such as conflict and natural disasters
46
Q

Emergency aid purpose

A

respond quickly and effectively to address the immediate needs of the affected communities and, in this way, helps improve short-term health and wellbeing.

47
Q

What is Bilateral aid (2)

A
  1. Aid one government provides to the government of another country
  2. Ensures that programs implemented meet the needs of the country and its people.
48
Q

Bilateral Aid purpose and aim (2)

A
  1. To help reduce poverty
  2. AIM - Long term sustainable development by helping governments of recipient countries strengthen their economic, political, health and education systems and eventually become self-sufficient.
49
Q

What is Multilateral Aid (3)

A
  1. Aid provided through an international organisation
  2. Combines donations from several countries and then distributes them to countries in need
  3. Works towards global health issues like malaria in Africa
50
Q

Examples of Multilateral Aids (3)

A
  1. World Bank
  2. United Nations
  3. World Health Organization
51
Q

What is NGO (2)(2e)

A
  1. Non-government organisation that is non-profit
  2. Works towards promoting h+w and human development
  3. Smaller community-based projects = community development and participation to help support themselves once the aid has been removed = sustainability.
  4. No political status, neutral = access areas that others don’t or can’t reach
52
Q

What is Non government aid

A

Provided by organisations that operate separately from government groups.

53
Q

Examples of NGOs (3)

A
  1. World Vision
  2. The Red Cross
  3. Oxfam
54
Q

What has World Vision done (1)^(1) x2

A
  1. Focus - maternal mortality
    ^ Trains locals of communities to be skilled birth attendants
  2. Focus - food security
    ^ Assists communities to grow more food
55
Q

What has The Red Cross done (3)

A
  1. Focus - Emergency situations
  2. Trains locals in installing sanitation facilities in low-income countries
  3. Provide facilities for females at school
56
Q

What has Oxfam done (1)

A
  1. Focus - Injustice and lack of human rights
  2. Works to elimate poverty by selling fair trade items
  3. Worked with local groups to install irrigation facilities to produce more reliable crops
57
Q

Why would the Australian Government provide $ for Emergency Aid (1)

A
  1. To show compassion and help others in their time of desperate need.
58
Q

Why would the Australian Government provide $ for Bilateral Aid (1e)(3)

A
  1. For the Australian Government to form relationships with other countries’ government = increase security in our region
  2. To break the cycle of poverty and improve h+w
  3. More trading opportunities
  4. Countries will become self-sufficient
59
Q

Why would the Australian Government provide $ for Multilateral Aid (2)

A
  1. For large global health projects as Australia cannot achieve on its own
  2. Non-political
60
Q

Why would the Australian Government provide $ for NGOs (2)

A
  • Often working in the community
  • Sensible to give money rather than starting a duplicate program
  • Non-political
61
Q

What is Australia Government’s Aid Program

A

Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)

62
Q

What is the purpose of DFAT

A

To promote our national interests by contributing to sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction

63
Q

How does DFAT achieve its purpose (2)

A
  1. Strengthening private sector development
  2. Enabling human development
64
Q

Why is strengthening private sector development important (2)

A
  1. In order for people to escape poverty, they must be given the opportunity to develop and use their skills more productively through self-employment or by earning a wage.
  2. The private sector creates most jobs in the country. Thriving private sector means more jobs for people
65
Q

The Priorities of the Australia Government’s aid initiatives (6)

A

A BIGEE

  1. A - Agriculture, fisheries and water
  2. B - Building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection
  3. I - Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
  4. G - Gender equality and empowering women and girls
  5. E - Education and health
  6. E - Effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
66
Q

Progress of Priority A, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority A = Agriculture, fisheries and water

  1. worked in Cambodia to improve the use of irrigation water systems.
  2. worked with the Mekong River Commission to help with decision making and gave support to controlling the flooding of the river and getting a water treatment plant built
  3. Helped small scale farmers in Fiji to supply fresh produce to hotels
67
Q

Progress of Priority B, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority B = Building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection

  1. funded NGOs to provide humanitarian assistance during times of crisis
  2. a warehouse in Brisbane that contains emergency supplies
  3. worked in partnership with the WFP to deliver food across Africa
68
Q

Progress of Priority I, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority I = Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness

  1. constructed roads to help move goods and resources around the country
  2. provided microfinance loans
  3. funded education so people can improve their skills and can employment
69
Q

Progress of Priority G, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority G = Gender equality and empowering women and girls

  1. helped women survivors of violence access emergency shelters, counselling and legal advice
  2. helped to address the low level of women in politics in Pacific regions
  3. has been a supporter of the UN Women group
70
Q

Progress of Priority E1, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority E = Education and health

  1. built 2000 schools in Indonesia
  2. vaccinated 1 million children in PNG
  3. supported maternal and child health services in Bangladesh leading to a 40% reduction in maternal deaths
71
Q

Progress of Priority E2, of Australian Aid initiatives (3)

A

Priority E = Effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies

  1. supported the PNG general elections
  2. provided advise to governments of developing countries to help them establish financial systems, health systems, police forces, and legal systems.
  3. trained 3000 public servants in PNG to work in the government departments
72
Q

What is social action

A

Doing something to help create positive change

73
Q

Examples of social action (6)

A
  1. donate money
  2. signing online petitions
  3. organise a fundraising activity like free dress day at school and give money to an NGO
  4. use their purchasing power to buy products that support actions to promote social change
  5. organise a boycott,
  6. using social media as a platform to raise awareness
74
Q

Reasons why people might engage in social action (4)

A
  1. to help those who are less fortunate than themselves
  2. to ensure that the needs of all people are represented
  3. to eliminate discrimination
  4. to prevent harm and damage to the community or the environment
75
Q

What are features of an effective/sustainable aid program (4)

A
  1. Ownership by Recipient Country
  2. Partnerships
  3. Focus on results
  4. Transparency and accountability
76
Q

[Effective Aid Program features] What is ‘Ownership by Recipient Country’

A
  1. RC must be involved in deciding the type of aid that will best meet their needs
  2. Need to consider the sociocultural and political aspects of the community and be implemented in a socioculturally sensitive way.
  3. Use local languages and visual aids
77
Q

[Effective Aid Program features] What is ‘Partnerships’ (2)(1e)^(1)

A
  1. Differing strengths of groups implement effective programs that make efficient use of the resources
  2. Avoids duplicating programs with same objective
  3. Local communities need to have input into the design and implementation of a program = socioculturally appropriate
    ^ This builds the capacity of the community by training locals
78
Q

[Effective Aid Program features] What is ‘Focus on results’ (1)^(1)

A
  1. Effective Aid program continues to have a positive impact.
    ^ Focus on involving and educating women
79
Q

[Effective Aid Program features] What is ‘Transparency and accountability’ (4)

A
  1. Information about who is involved is made available to everyone
  2. Ensures funding is used for its intended purpose
  3. Ensures funding is not used for commercial gain
  4. Accountability means regular monitoring and assessment of progress against the aims and objectives of the program
80
Q

Good programs focus on (4)

A
  1. Vulnerable groups
  2. Problems with the biggest impacts
  3. Partnerships
  4. Education
81
Q

How Programs enhance human development (1)^(2) (1)^(3) (2)

A
  1. Education
    ^ numeracy and literacy skills = capabiities and choices in regards to employment
    ^ secure paid employment = afford basic neccessities to have a devent standard of living
  2. Reducing malaria
    ^ Children can persue education = live to full potential
    ^ Can work, socialise, leisure = participate in the life of the community = leading lives they value
    ^ Girls can persue education = participate in decisions affecting their lives
  3. Money = persue activities they enjoyj = lead lives in accordance with their interests
  4. Food = nourished = immune fuction increases = lead long, productive lives
82
Q

What is an aid

A

assistance given to countries
or communities in the event of
a crisis or for the development
of long-term sustainable
improvements

83
Q

Safe water

A

Water free of disease causing pathogens and chemicals and drinkable to sustain functioning of the human body

84
Q

Sanitation

A

The safe disposal of human urine and faeces and maintenance of hygienic conditions through garbage collection and wastewater disposal, to prevent illness

HHD (12 decks)

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