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HHD > U3 O1 ch 1/2 > Flashcards

U3 O1 ch 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

World Health Organisation (WHO)
definition of health (1946)

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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2
Q

Wellbeing

A

The state of being healthy, happy and contented, usually determined through self-assessment.

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3
Q

Health and Wellbeing

A

Refer to the state of a person’s physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual existence and is characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, engaged and capable.

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4
Q

Health is dynamic

A

Constantly changing due to the factors that influence health can change

example: accidents, illness, relationship breakdown, stressful events, broken bone

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5
Q

Health is subjective

A

Health means different things to different people because person’s perception of their own health is influenced by personal feelings, opinions and experiences.

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6
Q

Chronic condition

A

An illness or disability that lasts longer than 6 months, usually requires on going treatment

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7
Q

Physical Dimension of Health and
Wellbeing

A

Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

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8
Q

Social Dimension of Health and
Wellbeing

A

The ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to participate in the community by managing or adapting appropriately to different social situations

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9
Q

Mental Health and
Wellbeing

A

Relates to the current state of a person’s mind or brain and relates to the ability to think and process information. Optimal mental health and wellbeing enables an individual to positively form opinions, make decisions and use logic, to cope with the normal stresses of life and can work productively and fruitfully.

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10
Q

Spiritual Health and
Wellbeing

A

Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings. It includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or values and reflection on a person’s place in the world. Also relates to organised religion, a high power and prayer.

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11
Q

Emotional Dimension of Health and
Wellbeing.

A

The ability to recognise, understand, effectively manage and express emotions and feelings in a positive way as well as the ability to display resilience.

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12
Q

Optimal health and wellbeing

A

The highest level of health and wellbeing an individual can realistically attain.

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13
Q

How is optimal health a resource for an individual

A
  • work productively
  • gain an education
  • earn an income
  • work towards their purpose in life
  • reduces healthcare costs for individuals
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14
Q

How is optimal health a resource for a nation (9)

A
  • higher average incomes
  • greater productivity
  • less absenteeism from work
  • less reliance on social security
  • reduced healthcare
  • improved life expectancy
  • more participants in social activities and the community
  • less strain on the healthcare system, making more money available for resources
  • development of new industries
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15
Q

How is optimal health a resource globally

A
  • reduced risk of transmission of communicable diseases on a global scale
  • global economic development
  • less criminal activity
  • better equipped to access resources = sustainable use
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16
Q

WHO Prerequisites for Health

A

FOODPIEESSSS
Food
Peace
Income
Equity
Education
Social justice
Stable ecosystem
Sustainable resources
Shelter

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17
Q

Social justice

A

Free from discrimination, having human rights upheld, equal rights and access to resources for all, regardless of personal characteristics (such as gender, ethnicity, religion)

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18
Q

Food Security.

A

The state in which all persons obtain nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate, safe food regularly though local non-emergency sources.

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19
Q

Peace

A

absence of conflict

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20
Q

Sustainability

A

Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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21
Q

Sustainable resources

A

Ensuring resources that contribute to health and wellbeing are available for this currently and into the future

22
Q

Equality

A

Sameness, treating everyone in the same manner, giving everyone the same

23
Q

Equity

A

About fairness and considering the needs of the individual or vulnerable population group, means that those disadvantaged receive more support and to improve their quality of life and achieve a basic standard of living

24
Q

Health Status

A

An individual’s or a population’s overall level of health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.

25
Q

Health Indicators

A

Standard Statistics that are used to measure and compare health status (e.g. life expectancy, morbidity and mortality rates)

26
Q

Incidence

A

The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time, usually 12 months.

27
Q

Prevalence

A

The total number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

28
Q

Morbidity

A

ill health of an individual or population.

29
Q

Burden of Disease

A

A measure of the impact of fatal and non-fatal conditions in a population, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.

30
Q

Disability Adjusted Life Years
(DALYs)

A

A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.

31
Q

years of life lost (YLL)

A

a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

32
Q

years lost due to disability (YLD)

A

a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability

33
Q

Life expectancy

A

An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.

34
Q

Health Adjusted Life Expectancy
(HALE)

A

It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live without reduced functioning due to ill health, based on current rates of ill health and mortality. It is an indicator of quantity and quality of life. i.e. less time in ill health

35
Q

Mortality

A

Refers to death, often at a population level.

36
Q

Maternal mortality

A

Death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery.

37
Q

Maternal mortality ratio

A

The number of mothers who die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth per 100 000 live births.

38
Q

Infant mortality

A

The death of a child between birth and their first birthday.

39
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

The rate of deaths of infants between birth and their first birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births.

40
Q

Under 5 mortality U5MR

A

The death of a child under 5 years of age.

41
Q

Under 5 mortality rate ratio

A

The rate of deaths occurring in children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births.

42
Q

Self-assessed health status

A

A measure based on a person’s own opinion about how they feel about their health and wellbeing, their state of mind and their life in general. It is commonly sourced from population surveys.

43
Q

physical health and wellbeing characteristics

A

DWBEFIT
D- disease/illness absence
W - weight /that is healthy
B - body, systems, organs functioning well
E - energy levels
F - fitness levels
I - immune system /that is strong
T - tasks adequately completed

44
Q

social health and wellbeing characteristics

A

CFRNS
C - communication / that is effective
F - family / that is supportive and well-functioning
R - relationships /that is productive
N - network of friends
S - social situations adapting

45
Q

emotional health and wellbeing characterisics

A

ARUM
A - appropriate emotions in different scenarios
R - resilience
U - understand/recognise range of emotions
M - manage emotions

46
Q

mental health and wellbeing characteristics

A

SPECTAL
S - low levels of Stress
P - problem solving
E - esteem (self) /that is positive
C - confidence /that is high
T - thought paters /that are positive
A - low levels of Anxiety
L - logic use = opinions,decisions, problems

47
Q

spiritual health and wellbeing characteristics

A

BDAMP
B - belonging sense + connection
D - developing values/beliefs
A - acting accordingly to values/beliefs
M - meaning/purpose in life
P - peace and harmony

48
Q

Stable ecosystems

A

A stable ecosystem means there is a balance between all living and nonliving things.

49
Q

Why is stable ecosystems a prerequisite for health

A
  1. land not overfarmed
  2. plentiful supply of food
  3. fresh water

therefore
= increased energy levels
= ability to attend school or work
= socialise with friends

50
Q

Equity

A

About fairness and considering the needs of the individual or vulnerable population group, means that these disadvantaged receive more support and to improve their quality of life and achieve a basic standard of living

51
Q

Social Justice

A

Free from discrimination, having human rights upheld, equal rights and access to resources for all, regardless of personal characteristics (such as gender, ethnicity, religion)

52
Q

Shelter

A

Shelter means secure from the natural elements and secure from intruders

HHD (12 decks)

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