U3 AOS1 P1 Plasma Membranes

Question 1

What is the plasma membrane?

Answer 1

Membrane where materials enter/exit a cell

Question 2

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 2

Passive movement of molecule down their concentration gradient

Question 3

What’s the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic?

Answer 3

Hydrophilic = Water Loving
Hydrophobic = Water Fearing

Question 4

What is Osmosis?

Answer 4

Diffusion of water molecules down their concentration gradient.

Question 5

What is a phospholipid made of?

Answer 5

1 molecule is made of 2 fatty chains joined to a phosphate

Question 6

What are the 2 main types of proteins?

Answer 6

Integral and Peripheral

Question 7

Where are integral proteins found?

Answer 7

Embedded in pm

Question 8

What can attach to integral proteins?

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

Where are peripheral proteins found?

Answer 9

Exterior of pm

Question 10

What is the Fluid Mosaic Model?

Answer 10

Model of pm structure suggesting pm as a fluid structure, with many parts (mosaic)

Question 11

What are the 4 functions of the pm?

Answer 11

1. Enclose Contents of Cell
2. Controls the movement of substances
3. Cell Recognition
4. Communication with other Cells

Question 12

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

Answer 12

Passive form of diffusion involving channel proteins.

Question 13

What is Active Transport?

Answer 13

Active movement of substances across pm against the concentration gradient

Question 14

What is Endocytosis?

Answer 14

Movement of solid particles/bulk liquids into a cell, via vesicles.

Question 15

What is Exocytosis?

Answer 15

Movement of solid particles/bulk liquids out of a cell, via vesicles.

Question 16

What is embedded in pm other then proteins?

Answer 16

Cholesterol

Question 17

What is the purpose of Cholesterol?

Answer 17

Maintains fluidity of pm

Question 18

What 3 factors affect fluidity of plasma membrane?

Answer 18

Phospholipid composition/structure
Temperature
Cholesterol

Question 19

What are the 4 main functions of Integral Proteins?

Answer 19

1 Transport of molecules
2 Enzymatic Activity
3 Cell-cell recognition
4 Intercellular joining

Question 20

What are the 4 main functions of Peripheral Proteins?

Answer 20

1 Attachment Points
2 Enzymatic Activity
3 Cellular Recognition sites
4 Receptors

Question 21

What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 21

1 Recognition of Antibodies/hormones
2 Adhesion between Cells
3 Cellular Recognition

Question 22

What 2 things affect the movement of substances across pm?

Answer 22

Polarity and Size of Molecule

Question 23

What are the 3 PASSIVE forms of diffusion?

Answer 23

Simple Diffusion, Osmosis & Facilitated Diffusion

Question 24

What are the 3 ACTIVE forms of diffusion?

Answer 24

Active Transport, Endocytosis, Exocytosis

Question 25

What area does Water ALWAYS move to? Hypertonic or Hypotonic?

Answer 25

Hypertonic

Question 26

What is Phagocytosis?

Answer 26

Form of Endocytosis involving solid particles

Question 27

What in Pinocytosis?

Answer 27

Form of Endocytosis involving liquid particles

Question 28

What are the 4 main organelles involved in Protein Export?

Answer 28

Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus