U2 day 1

Question 1

Fxns of vertebral column

Answer 1

protection of spinal cord, support of head and neck, extensive muscle attachment, involved in locomotion

Question 2

cervical vertebrae

Answer 2

are the only vertebrae that have transverse foramina

Question 3

Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 3

Has Costal facets, where they articulate with the ribs

Question 4

Lumbar Vertebrae

Answer 4

Quite large, very prominent transverse processes

Question 5

Sacral Vertebrae

Answer 5

fused together in sacrum

Question 6

Problems in vertebrae comes from

Answer 6

increase in amount of weight it is bearing, or increase in movement that is happening. usually in cervical or lumbar region

Question 7

Movements of Column

Answer 7

flexion (chin towards chest), extension (lots more movement than flexion), Lateral flexion (right and left), and rotation

Question 8

Articulations: synovial facet joints

Answer 8

Between inferior articulating processes and superior articulating processes. over 100 in body.

Question 9

Articulations: cartilaginous joints

Answer 9

between adjacent vertebral bodies- vertebral disks, slightly moveable.

Question 10

Atlantooccipital joint

Answer 10

“yes joint” btwn C1 (atlas) and skull. synovial joint, provides rocking movement sup. and inf.

Question 11

Atlantoaxial joint

Answer 11

“no joint” btwn C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis). synovial rotational joint, allows for rotation around Dens in C2

Question 12

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 12

Synovial, btwn L5 and S1. fxn is weight transfer to LL

Question 13

Curves of column

Answer 13

Cervicale, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral

Question 14

abnormal curves

Answer 14

Scoliosis: lateral curve to spine
Kyphosis: increase in thoracic curve, osteoporosis makes this worse in old age
Lordosis: increase in lumbar curve, pregnant women have this temporarily

Question 15

Anterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 15

very wide 1.5-2 inches. Continuous from skull to sacrum. limits extension of spine, most commonly injured.

Question 16

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 16

within the vertebral canal, continuous, limits flexion of spine

Question 17

Ligamentum Flavum

Answer 17

Connects adjacent lamina in spine, limits lateral flexion, on both sides of spine, discontinuous.

Question 18

Interspinal ligaments

Answer 18

Discontinuous, Between spinal processes on posterior spine, limits flexion.

Question 19

Supraspinous Ligament

Answer 19

continuous, limits flexion, in cervical region it is called Nuchal ligament, very large and holds head up.

Question 20

Intervertebral disks

Answer 20

made of rings of cartilage with a nucleus pulposis in the middle. Nucleus pulposis can hernia posterior and laterally in spine, causes lots of pain, and effects spinal nerve distal to hernia.