U2

Question 1

introspection

Answer 1

self observation and reflection

Question 2

hypothesis

Answer 2

an educated guess

Question 3

research hypothesis

Answer 3

based on knowledge (what the experimenter thinks will happen)

Question 4

statistical hypothesis

Answer 4

probability of occurrence

Question 5

scientific law

Answer 5

a statement based on repeated experimental observation
widely accepted and conclusive

Question 6

scientific theory

Answer 6

a useful guide for further research
well-tested explanation of an event

Question 7

does psychology rely more on theories or laws

Answer 7

theories

Question 8

what are the 2 requirements theories are supposed to satisfy

Answer 8

• accurately describes large class of observation
• make predictions about future observations

Question 9

can you prove a theory

Answer 9

no
but you can disprove one

Question 10

what determines whether or not a theory survives

Answer 10

whether new data agrees

Question 11

prediction - measured observation =

Answer 11

error

Question 12

key components of a hypothesis

Answer 12

• variables
• constants

Question 13

experimental control

Answer 13

eliminating confounding variables

Question 14

conceptual definition

Answer 14

general definition of a variable

Question 15

operational definition

Answer 15

definition of the same variable in context

Question 16

deductive hypothesis

Answer 16

based on a theory
minimal direct observation

Question 17

inductive hypothesis

Answer 17

based on experimental findings
examining patterns displayed in data and research

Question 18

what to think about when evaluating a hypothesis

Answer 18

• does it correspond with reality
• is it parsimonious
• is it falsifiable

Question 19

a research study must be able to _______ or ________ hypothesis

Answer 19

accept
refute

Question 20

variables in an experimental design

Answer 20

IV (X)
DV (Y)

Question 21

variables in a non experimental design

Answer 21

explanatory (predictor-X)
criterion (response-Y)

Question 22

prediction error

Answer 22

how far individual data is from line of best fit

Question 23

rules for obtaining measurements from people
participants must:

Answer 23

• volunteer
• understand relevant info about study
• risks and potential benefits
• why research is being done

Question 24

research must have ________ that will produce 2 or more different scores

Answer 24

variables

Question 25

qualitative

Answer 25

info isn’t measured in amounts participant is classified based on info

Question 26

quantitative

Answer 26

number is assigned to measure obtained