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surgery > U world 2 > Flashcards

U world 2 Flashcards

1
Q

complication of placing central venous catheter

A

tension pneumothroax

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2
Q

which one causes pain with flexion and which with extesnion? psoas abscess and hip septic arthritis

A

psoas abscess: pain with extension

hip septic arthritis: pain with flexion

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3
Q

psoas abscess presentation

A

fever
abdominal/flank pain, radiates to groin
abdominal pain with hip extension

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4
Q

risk factors for psoas abscess

A

HIV
Crohn’s
diabetes
IV drug use

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5
Q

acute adrenal insufficiency presentation

A

hypotension
fever
vomiting
abdominal pain

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6
Q

CXR finding of aortic injury

A

widened mediastinum

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7
Q

torus palatinus

A

benign bony growth in midline hard palate

congenital

associated: younger, female, asian

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8
Q

what do you think when “pain out of proportion” in an extremity?

A

compartment syndrome

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9
Q

pulmonary contusion presentation

A

within 24 hours of blunt chest trauma

tachynea, tachycardia, hypoxia

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10
Q

pulmonary contusion CXR/CT

A

patchy alveolar infiltrate not restricted by anatomic borders

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11
Q

how long does ARDS show up after trauma?

A

24-48 hours

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12
Q

is ARDS bilateral?

A

yes

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13
Q

is pulmonary contusion from rib fractures?

A

doesn’t have to be

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14
Q

acute bacterial parotitis presenation

A

painful swelling of parotid gland
aggravated by chewing
high fever

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15
Q

population that most commonly gets acute bacterial parotitis

A

dehydrated post op patients and elderly

make sure you stay hydrated and oral hygeine!

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16
Q

most common bacteria for acute bacterial parotitis

A

staph aureus

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17
Q

what should you think with hx of NSAIDs and free air under diaphragm? and what should you do for it?

A

perforated peptic ulcer- ex lap

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18
Q

retropharyngeal abscess can spread to and cause what?

A

–> superior mediastinum –> posterior mediastinum

–> acute necrotizing mediastinitis

19
Q

what is concern for scaphoid fracture?

A

avascular necrosis

20
Q

what to do for suspect scaphoid fracture if initial x-rays negative?

A

either:

  • CT/ MRI
  • splint up and repeat x-ray in 7-10 days
21
Q

extraperitoneal bladder injury pathology

A 
contusion or rupture of:
-neck
-anterior wall
-anterolateral wall
of the bladder
22
Q

extraperiotneal bladder injury presentation

A

extravasation of urine –> abdominal pain
gross hematuria
urinary retention
pelvic fracture

23
Q

when should antibiotics be used prophylactically to prevent post-op pneumonia?

A

preexisting resp infection

24
Q

most commonly involved metatarsal in stress fracture

A

2nd

25
Q

what is x ray show of stress fracture

A

hairline fracture
or
local periosteal thickening

26
Q

treatment of stress fracture of 2-4 metatarsals vs 5th

A

2-4th: rest, analgesics

5th: casting, internal fixation (because prone to nonunion)

27
Q

3 categories of glasgow coma scale

A

eye opening
verbal response
motor response

28
Q

which heparin when patient has renal failure?

A

unfractionated

29
Q

what is cause of abdominal surgery after trauma that shows gas filled loops on xray?

A

paralytic ileus

30
Q

bowel sounds with paralytic ileus

A

absent

31
Q

which muscle injured in positive valgus stress test?

A

medial collateral ligament

32
Q

triad of fat embolism syndrome

A

resp distress
neuro signs (confused, vision defects)
petechiae

33
Q

preferred method of intubation

A

orotracheal intubation

34
Q

contraindication to nasotracheal intubation

A

apneic/hypoapneic patients

basilar skull fracture

35
Q

treatment for meningioma

A

resection

36
Q

treatment for pancreatic pseudocyst: asx vs sx

A

asx: expectant
sx: endoscopic drainage

37
Q

whistling during respiration after rhinoplasty, think…

A

nasal septum perforation

38
Q

complications of rhinoplasty

A

patient dissatisfaction
nasal obstruction
epistaxis
septum perf

39
Q

pancreas cancer of head presentation

A 
jaundice
systemic symptoms (weight loss, fatigue)
steatorrhea
gnawing abdominal pain, worse at night
migratory thromboplhebitis
40
Q

to diagnose perforated peptic ulcer

A

x ray chest and abdomen- free intraperitoneal air

41
Q

anterior spinal cord can be a complication from

A

thoracic aneurysm surgery repair

42
Q

popping sound to knee, pain, delayed effusion. Locking when joint is rotated or extended while under load

A

meniscal tear

43
Q

exam tests for meniscal tears

A

Mcmurray
Thessaly
(with internal and external rotation)

surgery (22 decks)

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