pestana: neuro surg Flashcards

1
Q

time table of vascular problems vs brain tumors vs infectious problems vs degenerative dz vs metabolic

A

vascular: sudden onset
metabolic: rapidly
infectious: days-weeks

brain tumor: months

degenerative: years

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2
Q

characteristics of brain tumor

A

constant
progressive
severe HA
worse in morning

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3
Q

TIAs most commonly affect where

A

stenosis of internal carotid
or
ulcerated plaque at carotid bifurcation

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4
Q

what can minimize stroke after TIA?

A

elective carotid endartectomy

angiplasty and stent can be done if filter put in 1st to rpevent embolization of debris to brain

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5
Q

ischemic strokes longer than ___ hours are not amenable to revascularization procedures and meds

A

3

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6
Q

what imaging to assess for stroke

A

CT

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7
Q

med treatment for stroke

A

tPA (best within 90 min)

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8
Q

hemorrhagic stroke seen in which population

A

uncontrolled HTN

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9
Q

does subarachnoid bleeding have neuro defects?

A

not always but hope that they do so it’s recognized!

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10
Q

subarachnoid bleeding comes from what pathology?

A

intracranial aneurysm

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11
Q

work up of subarachnoid bleed

A
  1. CT

2. arteriogram- aneurysm

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12
Q

therapy choices for subarachnoid hematoma

A

clipping- surgery

endovascular coiling- radiology alternative

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13
Q

most intracranial tumors primary or metastatic?

A

metastatic

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14
Q

where do brain mets come from originally?

A
  1. lung

then: breast, melanoma

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15
Q

symptoms of brain tumor

A

space occupying

HA, worse in morning

ICP: blurred vision, papilledema, vomiting, brady, hypo

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16
Q

ICP is first treated with

A

high dose steroids

17
Q

cranipharyngioma symptoms

A

short for age
bitemporal hemianopsia
calcified lesion above sella

18
Q

pituitary apoplexy

A

bleeding into pituitary tumor –> destruction of pituitary

19
Q

tumors of pineal gland cause

A

loss of upper gaze (sunset eyes- Parinaud syn)

20
Q

brain tumors in kids are where

A

posterior fossa

21
Q

top two most common brain tumors in kids

A
  1. medulloblastoma

2. ependymoma

22
Q

medulloblastoma symptoms

A

cerebella: stmubling, truncal ataxia

23
Q

trigeminal neuralgia pain lasts how long

A

60 seconds

24
Q

reflex sympathetic dystrophy happens sever months after

A

crushing injury

25
Q

reflex sympathetic dystrophy symptoms

A

constant, burning, pain, sensitive

cold, cyanotic, moisit

26
Q

reflex sympathetic dystrophy diagnosis and cure

A

diagnosis: sympathetic block
treat: surgical sympathectomy