(U)- Renal Transplant Flashcards

1
Q

Who gets offered renal transplants?

A

End-stage renal failure patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many years of life does a renal transplant typically add?

A

10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of scar does a patient with a renal transplant have?

A

Hockey-stick scar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are donor kidneys matched on?

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen
Type A, B and C on chromosome 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens in a renal transplant procedure?

A

Patient’s kidneys left in place

Donor kidney blood vessels anastomosed with external iliac vessels

Ureter of donor kidney anastomosed to bladder

Donor kidney is placed anterior in abdomen

Can be palpated in iliac fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long does it take a transplanted kidney to function?

A

Works immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Basiliximab and what is it used for?

A

Monoclonal antibody targeting IL-2 receptors on T-cells

Two doses given after surgery to prevent acute rejection of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What immunosuppressants are given to reduce risk of transplant rejection?

A

Tacrolimus
Mycophenolate
Ciclosporin
Azathioprine
Prednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What particular side effects are present when using immunosuppressant medications?

A

Immunosuppressants
Seborrheic warts and skin cancers- surgical scars from removal

Tacrolimus
Tremor

Cyclosporine
Gum hypertrophy

Steroids
Cushing’s syndrome features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What complications relating to kidney transplant can occur?

A

Transplant rejection
- Hyperacute, acute or chronic

Transplant failure

Electrolyte imbalances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What complications relating to immunosuppressants can occur?

A

Ischaemic heart disease
Type 2 diabetes (steroid induced)
Infections (may involve unusual pathogens)
Non-hodgkin lymphoma
Skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma particularly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What unusual infections can occur secondary to immunosuppressant medication?

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)

Cytomegalovirus

Tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly