Appendicitis Flashcards
What is McBurney’s point?
One third of the distance from the ASIS to the umbilicus
What are the classic features of appendicitis?
-Tenderness at McBurney’s point
-Anorexia
-Nausea and vomiting
-Low-grade fever
-Rosving’s sign (palpation of the LIF causes pain in the RIF)
-Guarding on abdominal palpation
-Rebound tenderness
-Percussion tenderness
How is appendicitis diagnosed?
Clinical presentation and raised inflammatory markers
CT can be useful if another diagnosis is more likely
Ultrasound to exclude gynaecological pathology
What is the next step if a patient has a clinical presentation suggestive of appendicitis but negative investigations
Diagnostic laparoscopy
What are the key differential diagnoses of appendicitis?
Ectopic pregnancy
Ovarian cysts
Meckel’s diverticulum
Mesenteric adenitis (inflamed abdominal lymph nodes)
What is mesenteric adenitis associated with?
Younger children
Tonsilitis
URTI
What causes an appendix mass?
Omentum surrounds and sticks to inflamed appendix
Mass forms in the RIF
How is appendicitis managed?
Appendicectomy
What are the complications of appendicectomy?
Bleeding, infection, pain and scars
Damage to bowel, bladder or other organs
Removal of a normal appendix
VTE
Anaesthetic risks