Liver Transplant Flashcards

1
Q

What is a orthotopic transplant?

A

Entire liver transplanted from a healthy person that has just died

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2
Q

What is a living donor transplant?

A

Liver is able to regenerate

Portion of the liver is taken from a living donor and transplanted into patient

Both regenerate becoming two full organs

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3
Q

What is split donation?

A

Liver of deceased person split into two and transplanted into two people

Liver then regenerates to normal size

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4
Q

What are the indications for liver transplant?

A

Acute liver failure
Requires immediate transplant
Acute viral hepatitis or paracetamol overdose

Chronic liver failure
Can wait for transplant for period of time
Usually ~5 months

Certain cases of hepatocellular carcinoma

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5
Q

What factors make a person unsuitable for liver transplantation?

A

Significant co-morbidities

Current illicit drug use

Continuing alcohol misuse

Untreated HIV

Current or previous cancer

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6
Q

What incision is made for liver transplantation surgery?

A

Rooftop

or

Mercedes Benz

Both along lower costal margin

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7
Q

What drugs are given post-transplantation?

A

Immunosuppressants:
- Steroids
- Azathioprine
- Tacrolimus

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8
Q

What lifestyle advice and monitoring do post-transplantation patients need?

A

Avoid alcohol and smoking

Treat opportunistic infection

Monitoring for disease recurrence

Monitoring for cancer- significantly higher risk in immunosuppressed patients

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9
Q

How is liver transplant rejection monitored?

A

Abnormal LFTs

Fatigue

Fever

Jaundice

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