(B)- Breast Abscess Flashcards

1
Q

What is a breast abscess?

A

Collection of pus caused by bacterial infection

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2
Q

What are the types of breast abscess?

A

Lactational and non-lactational abscesses

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3
Q

What is pus caused by?

A

Produced by inflammation, contains dead WBCs and waste from infection

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4
Q

How does an abscess form?

A

Pus gets trapped in specific area and cannot drain

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5
Q

What happens in lactational mastitis?

A

Bacteria enter nipple and back-track to ducts from baby’s mouth causing infection

Can lead to development of an abscess

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6
Q

What is a key risk factor for breast abscess development?

A
  • Smoking
  • Nipple damage (e.g. piercings, eczema)
  • Underlying breast disease
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7
Q

What are the most common causative bacteria for breast abscesses?

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcal species
Enterococcal species
Anaerobic bacteria

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8
Q

How do breast abscesses present?

A
  • Acutely
  • Nipple change
  • Purulent nipple discharge
  • Pain and tenderness
  • Warmth and erythema
  • Hardening
  • Swelling
  • May have generalised infection symptoms
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9
Q

How is lactational and non-lactational mastitis managed?

A

Lactational mastitis
- Conservatively with continued breastfeeding, expressing milk and breast massage

  • Flucloxacillin
  • Erythromycin if penicillin allergy

Non-lactational mastitis
- Analgesia
- Antibiotics
- Treat underlying cause (e.g. eczema or candida infection)

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10
Q

What antibiotics are used in non-lactational mastitis?

A

Must be broad-spectrum

Co-amoxiclav

or

Erythromycin + Metronidazole (for anaerobes)

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11
Q

How are breast abscesses managed?

A
  • Referral to on-call surgical team
  • Antibiotics
  • USS
  • Drainage
  • Microscopy, culture and sensitives
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12
Q

How are breast abscesses managed in breastfeeding women?

A

Continue breastfeeding

Regularly express milk if feeding is too painful, resume feeding when possible

Not harmful to baby

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