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Integumentary 1 - Midterm > Types of Skin Injuries - Class 2 > Flashcards

Types of Skin Injuries - Class 2 Flashcards

1
Q

types of skin injuries

A

abrasions (erosion)

avulsions

burns

lacerations

surgical wounds

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2
Q

abrasion

A

superficial rub or wearing off of skin

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3
Q

what causes an abrasion

A

scrap or a brush burn

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4
Q

what does an abrasion affect

A

epidermis

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5
Q

an abrasion is a

A

minor injury

“skin your knee”

“road rash”

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6
Q

degrees of abrasion

A

first

second

third

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7
Q

first degree of abrasion

A

epidermis only

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8
Q

second degree of abrasion

A

epidermis and dermis

may bleed slightly

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9
Q

third degree of abrasion

A

damage to subcutaneous layer and skin

called an avulsion

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10
Q

how does an abrasion heal

A

epithelialization

depends on the wound depth and size

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11
Q

abrasion healing with epithelialization

A

resurfacing of wound with new epithelium

derived from wound edge and appendages

skin is regenerating

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12
Q

avulsions

A

tearing of the top layer of skin

usually caused by trauma

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13
Q

what is an avulsion

A

“torn flap of skin”

“loss of skin”

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14
Q

torn skin –> avulsion

A

may be lose or too damaged to be repaired

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15
Q

how does an avulsion heal

A

heals from edges inward and bottom up

duration of healing depends on severity of avulsion

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16
Q

what can be used to heal a wound –> avulsion

A

sutures if the wound isnt too wide

health skin flap

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17
Q

what may avulsions need

A

drainage tubes to remove underlying fluid

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18
Q

burns

A

tissue damage d/t heat, UV, radiation, chemicals or electricity

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19
Q

degrees of burns

A

first through fourth

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20
Q

first degree burns

A

superficial

affects epidermis

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21
Q

second degree burns

A

partial thickness

affects epidermis and part of dermis

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22
Q

how do second degree burns look

A

red, blistered and possibly swollen

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23
Q

third degree burns

A

full thickness

extremely painful

destroys the epidermis and dermis

affects the subcutaneous

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24
Q

third degree burn look

A

white

blackened

charred

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25
Q

fourth degree burns

A

burns through epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue

possible affects muscle and bone

26
Q

fourth degree burns –> nerves

A

no feeling since nerve ending are destroyed

pts may not even feel it

27
Q

lacerations

A

a wound where the skin and the underlying tissues are cut/torn

28
Q

lacerations are often

A

irregular or jagged

29
Q

lacerations may be

A

deep or shallow

wide or narrow

30
Q

what may cause lacerations

A

skin hitting a sharp object or a sharp object hitting the skin with force

31
Q

how can a laceration be healed

A

compression/bandage or may require stitches

32
Q

surgical wounds

A

an incision through the skin that is made during surgery

33
Q

surgical wound classifications

A

class 1-4

34
Q

surgical wound class 1

A

clean

35
Q

surgical wound class 2

A

clean/contaminated

d/t where surgery was performed

urinary, elemental, respiratory, bowel or GU system entered

36
Q

class 3 surgical wound

A

contaminated

open wounds or break in sterile technique

37
Q

class 4 surgical wound

A

dirty infected

old wound, unhealthy tissue, perforation in the viscera, infection

38
Q

how can surgical wounds be closed

A

sutured

steri-stripped

stapled

glue

taped

39
Q

skin ulcers

A

an open sore or wound that develops on the skin and will not heal or keeps returning

40
Q

skin ulcers can be caused by

A

prolonged periods of poor blood flow to an area of the body

prolonged pressure

an injury

41
Q

what can prolonged of poor blood flow result from

A

infection

immobility

conditions that affect blood vessels

42
Q

types of skin ulcers

A

venous skin ulcers

arterial (ischemic) skin ulcers

neuropathic skin ulcers

pressure ulcers

buruli ulcers

stasis dermatitis

43
Q

venous skin ulcers

A

shallow open sores

usually develop in the skin of the lower leg

result of poor blood circulation

44
Q

poor blood circulation –> venous skin ulcer

A

lack of venous return back to the heart –> blood collects in the leg –> edema –> pressure on skin –> ulcer

45
Q

where do venous skin ulcers usually occur

A

medial malleolus region

46
Q

arterial skin ulcers

A

ischemic skin ulcer

arteries fail to deliver oxygenated blood to the lower limbs

47
Q

fail to deliver oxygen –> arterial skin ulcers

A

lack of oxygen –> tissues die –> ulcers develop

48
Q

where are arterial ulcers usually seen

A

outside ankle

dorsum of foot

feet and toes

49
Q

neuropathic skin ulcers is a common complications

A

uncontrolled diabetes

50
Q

uncontrolled diabetes –> neuropathic skin ulcers

A

d/t elevated blood glucose level –> damage to nerves –? person may not realize they have a small wound –> develop into an ulcer

51
Q

where do neuropathic skin ulcers form

A

distal extremities

plantar aspect of the foot

52
Q

neuropathies in distal extremities

A

when smaller wounds go undetected then worsen into ulcers

53
Q

pressure ulcers

A

decubitus ulcers

caused by constant pressure or friction on the skin

54
Q

where are pressure ulcers commonly seen

A

posterior head

sacrum

ischial tuberosities

elbows

heels

55
Q

what can pressure ulcers affect

A

can develop deep and affect ligs and tendons

56
Q

buruli ulcers

A

caused by mycobacterium ulcerans bacteria

57
Q

where can buruli ulcers form

A

large ulcers on arms or legs

58
Q

stasis dermatitis is a

A

precursor to venous ulcer

59
Q

stasis dermatitis

A

not truly an ulcer

change in the skin that results from the pooling of blood in the veins of the lower leg

60
Q

what is stasis dermatitis caused by

A

fluid build up d/t poor circulation, heart dz, or varicose veins

61
Q

an ulcer can result from

A

stasis dermatitis

62
Q

stasis dermatitis is more common in

A

women

people over 50

Integumentary 1 - Midterm (23 decks)

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