Inflammatory Stage -Class 1

Question 1

what is the body’s first response to injury

Answer 1

inflammation

Question 2

when does inflammation start

Answer 2

immediately

can last up to 4-5 days

Question 3

fxn of inflammation

Answer 3

hemostasis

phagocytosis

angiogenesis

Question 4

hemostasis

Answer 4

seal wound

control bleeding

Question 5

phagocytosis

Answer 5

prevent infection

create a clean wound

Question 6

angiogenesis

Answer 6

re-establish blood supply

Question 7

inflammation only occurs on

Answer 7

living tissue w/ adequate blood flow

Question 8

2 responses of inflammatory phase

Answer 8

vascular response

cellular response

Question 9

vascular response

Answer 9

immediately after injury

fluid leaks our of an injured vessel

Question 10

3 ways to control blood loss

Answer 10

transudate leaks out of an injured vessel

vasoconstriction

platelets aggregate

Question 11

transudate leaks out of an injured vessel

Answer 11

injured vessel allows transudate leaks out of an injured vessel into interstitial space
–> causes local edema

pressure gradient is created w/ increased pressure outside the vessel

control blood loss

Question 12

vasoconstriction

Answer 12

locally

Question 13

platelets aggregate

Answer 13

at the site of the injury and become “sticky” (platelet plug) –> closing off the vessel and lymphatic channels and further increasing localized edema

Question 14

w/in 30 min of the injury

Answer 14

vasodilation of the constricted vessels

Question 15

what is vasodilation triggered by

Answer 15

lack of oxygen

Question 16

what does vasodilation do

Answer 16

pushes more fluid into interstitial space

allowing for growth factors and inflammatory cells to reach the injury

Question 17

exudate

Answer 17

yellowish/creamy color

water, proteins, electrolytes, inflammatory mediators, waste and growth factors in the interstitial fluid

Question 18

vasodilation results in

Answer 18

localized redness

warmth

swelling

Question 19

what is pain caused by

Answer 19

swelling and chemicals activating chemoreceptors and free nerve endings

Question 20

2 parts of the cellular response

Answer 20

phagocytosis

angiogenesis

Question 21

phagocytosis –> cellular response

Answer 21

neutrophils and mast cells

Question 22

neutrophils

Answer 22

go to the injury

polymorphonuclear (PNMs)

phagocytosis - remove bacteria

Question 23

PNMs

Answer 23

1st cells that reach the injury –> w/in 12-24 hrs

amount present depends on the bacterial count

Question 24

mast cells –> phagocytosis

Answer 24

release histamine

accelerate destruction of damaged cells

Question 25

angiogenesis –> cellular response

Answer 25

macrophages

fibroblast proliferation

essential for transition to next stage

Question 26

macrophages –> angiogenesis

Answer 26

facilitated by platelets

direct the repair process

arrive after neutrophils

slower and bigger

Question 27

what initiated angiogenesis

Answer 27

macrophages
–>secrete growth factor –> form new vessel

Question 28

cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 28

swelling

redness

warmth

pain

decreased fxn

Question 29

swelling

Answer 29

tumor

Question 30

redness

Answer 30

rubor

Question 31

warmth

Answer 31

calor

Question 32

pain

Answer 32

dolor

Question 33

decreased fxn

Answer 33

fxn laesa