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Chemistry > Types of Reactions (slide 5) > Flashcards

Types of Reactions (slide 5) Flashcards

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1
Q

All members of a chemical family react in a

A

similar way

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2
Q

Types of Reactions

There are six (6) main categories of reactions:

A

Synthesis

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Acid/Base Neutralization

Combustion

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3
Q

Synthesis Reactions

A

Two (2) or more reactants are combined to produce one (1) new product

A + B 🡪 AB
aluminum + oxygen gas 🡪

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4
Q

Decomposition Reactions

A

One (1) compound breaks down into two (2) or more products

AB 🡪 A + B
sodium oxide 🡪 sodium + oxygen gas

Na2O 🡪 Na + O2

2Na2O 🡪 4Na + O2

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5
Q

Single Displacement Reactions

A

Chemical reactions that involve one (1) element and one (1) compound as reactants

The single element displaces one of the elements in the compound to form a new
substance

Z + AB 🡪 ZB + A (metal displaces metal)

Y + AB 🡪 AY + B (non-metal displaces non-metal)

magnesium + silver nitrate 🡪 silver + magnesium nitrate

Mg + AgNO3 🡪 Ag + Mg(NO3)2

Mg + 2AgNO3 🡪 2Ag + Mg(NO3)2

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6
Q

Application:
Leaching

A

Leaching is a displacement technique that removes gold away from ore

Through a series of reactions, zinc metal can eventually be used to displace pure
gold

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7
Q

Double Displacement Reactions

A

Chemical reactions that involve two compounds as reactants

The elements in the different compounds displace each other and exchange
places

AB + XY 🡪 AY + XB

metals replace metals

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8
Q

Example:

lead (II) nitrate + potassium iodide 🡪 lead (II) iodide + potassium nitrate

A

Pb(NO3)2 + KI 🡪 PbI2 + KNO3

Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI 🡪 PbI2 + 2KNO3

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9
Q

Acid/Base Neutralization Reactions

A

Special double displacement reaction

Reaction occurs between an acid and a base

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10
Q

Acid

A

pH <7
Sour
Corrosive
Ex. Citrus fruit

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11
Q

Base

A

pH >7
Bitter
Slippery
Ex. Soap

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12
Q

When an acid and base react with each other, a

A

salt and water is produced
acid + base 🡪 salt + water

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13
Q

hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide 🡪 potassium chloride + water

A

HCl + KOH 🡪 KCl + H2O
Acid/Base Neutralization Reactions

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14
Q

Application:
Acid-Base Neutralization
Antacids

A

Chemical Spills
H2SO4 and NaOH

Antacids
Antacids are medicines that counteract (neutralise) the acid in your stomach to relieve indigestion and heartburn. They come as a liquid or chewable tablets and can be bought from pharmacies and shops without a prescription.

HCl and Mg(OH)2

GERD (acid reflux)

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15
Q

phosphoric acid + sodium hydroxide 🡪

A
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