Acids and (slide 6) Flashcards
Properties of Acid
examples?
Sour-tasting
Highly reactive/corrosive
Water-soluble
Conducts electricity
batteries, lemon, coke, tomato
How is Acid Formed?
H + element
Acids are always
aqueous and Ionic compound
Naming Acids
Binary Acid?
hydrogen + halogen
prefix: add hydro
ending: change to -ic
hydro ic acid
Oxyacids
hydrogen + polyatomic oxyanion
prefix: do not add hydro
ending: change to –ic
ic acid
hydrogen + chlorine
hydrochloric acid
HCl (aq)
Binary Acids
Oxyacids
hydrogen + sulfate
sulfuric acid
H2SO4 (aq)
Acids- Electrical Conductivity
Acids are ionic compounds, their reaction with water allows acids to dissociate
into ions
Ions make acids good electrical conductors because of the charges
Properties of Base
Bitter-tasting
Feel slippery
Water-soluble
Conducts electricity
baking soda, toothpaste,
Base is formed?
element + OH
Bases are always
Bases are always aqueous
Ionic compounds
Naming Bases
sodium + hydroxide 🡪
sodium hydroxide
keeps its name
Electrical Conductivity -Bases
Bases are ionic compounds, their reaction with water allows bases to dissociate
into ions
Ions make bases good electrical conductors because of the charges
Determining Acidity and Basicity
The acidity and basicity of a chemical can be determined through various
methods
pH Scales determine through a scale
Acid-Base Indicators determine through colour change
pH
power of hydrogen
pH Scale
Quantitatively measures the acidity or basicity of a chemical based on a scale that ranges
from 1-14
Less than 7 is acidic
7 is neutral
More than 7 is basic
Logarithmic scale
pH = -log10 [H+] ***
Acid-Base Indicators
Substances used to qualitatively measure the pH of different substances
Depending on the indicator used, the change in colour will be different for
whether the chemical is acidic or basic
Colors?
Red (less than 7ph) acidic- Base (more than 7ph)
Cleaners
(mostly bases)
can be quite detrimental to
the user’s health
The mixing of bleach (NaClO) (a compound containing chlorine), and ammonia
(NH3)
can have dire consequences
Symbols
fire
skull
boom
hand
flammable
poisonous
explosive
corrosive
