Types Of Joints Flashcards
Three types of joints are?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Describe fibrous joints
Held together by fibrous connective tissue(immovable in relationship to one another)
Describe cartilaginous joints
Held together by cartilage; very little movement
Describe synovial joints
main type of joint, most moveable, not held together as firmly, has fibrous joint capsule
4 examples of fibrous joints are?
Syndesmosis, suture, interosseous membrane, gomphosis
2 examples of cartilaginous joints are?
Hyaline, fibrocartilaginous
Syndesmosis joints are about 4 to 5 mm long and hold two ____ together.
Give an example?
parallel
Distal tibiofibular joint
Suture joints are about 1 mm or less with a jagged edge. An example would be?
The 20 bones of the skull
Interosseus membrane holds _______ together to help them _______
More simply, it is a membrane between bones.
Example?
Bones
Work together
Where the tibia and fibula are held together.
Gomphosis example?
Where are teeth are held in their sockets.
Describe hyaline (cartaliginous)
Embryonic ‘“synchondrosis” held together by hyaline; growth plates, sternum and first rib; found during development when still growing; eventually ossifies resulting in no movement.
Fibrocartilaginous joints example?
Intervertebral disk, pubic symphysis; some movement possible.
Capsule of a synovial joint function
Most defining feature, covers ends of bones, tough membranous surrounding coat
Synovial membrane of a synovial joint function
Lines joint capsule and other bony surfaces. It is not an articulating surface, secretes synovial fluid (lubricant,) that is consistency of egg whites.
Hyaline cartilage(SOMETIMES found in synovial joints) function
Decreases friction, lines ends of bones. articulating surface in a normal joint. In 90% percent of synovial joints and protects from injury
Collateral ligament (SOMETIMES found in synovial joints) function
On outside surface of joint capsule, usually a thickening. Makes union between bones stronger.
Intraarticulating disk (SOMETIMES found in synovial joints) function Example?
Between bony articulating surfaces. If present, cushions change the shape of articulating surfaces, changes movement.
Meniscus of knee
Intracapsular joint ligament (SOMETIMES found in synovial joints) function?
Examples?
Ligaments within the capsule
ACL AND PCL
Extrascapular joint ligament (SOMETIMES found in synovial joints) function
At a distance from joint. Strengthens union
Shapes and types of synovial (diarthroses) joints
Plane joints Ball and socket joints Ellipsoid(condyloid) joints Hinge joint Pivot joint Saddle Joint
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Plane joint description and example
Permit gliding(primarily side to side and back and forth) Example: articular process to articular process of vertebrae; intercarpal and intertarsal joint
Ball and Socket joint description and example
Convex surface fits into concave surface. These joints are triaxial or multiaxial because they prevent three degrees of freedom. (flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, rotation)
Glenohumeral joint
Ellipsoid joints (condyloid) description and example
Variation of ball and socket. ROM is restricted to two directions (biaxial,) permits flexion/extension and adduction/abduction but not rotation.
Example: metacarpophalangeal joint
Hinge joint description and examples
Movement only in 1 axis (uniaxial)
Example: humeroulnar joint, elbow, knee) only allows flexion and extension
Pivot joint description and example.
One bone rotates on long axis of 2nd bone (i.e pronation and supination at radioulnar joint (forearm) also atlanto-axial joint (Dens of C2 articulates with C1
Saddle joint
“Like a saddle and a rider” less free movement. Concavits matches with convexity or vice-versa
Example: metacarpal of thumb
