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1. Social 10-1 > Types of Government > Flashcards

Types of Government Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of government in Canada?

A
  1. Constitutional Monarchy
  2. Federal System
  3. Representative Democracy
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2
Q

What is the Monarch in a Constitutional Monarchy?

A

Monarch/Crown is the “Head of State” NOT of government

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3
Q

How is a Monarch’s power limited in a Constitutional Monarchy?

A

Monarch’s power is limited by the rules in the Constitution; therefore they, cannot have absolute or arbitrary power

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4
Q

Who are the Crown’s representatives in a Constitutional Monarchy?

A
  • Governor General

- Lieutenant Governor

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5
Q

What does the Governor General represent?

A

Ottowa

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6
Q

What does the Lieutenant Governor represent?

A

Province

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7
Q

Who is the current Governor General?

A

Julie Payette

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8
Q

Who is the Current Albertan Lieutenant Governer?

A

Lois Mitchell

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9
Q

How are representatives of a Monarchy chosen?

A

They are “appointed” by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister and Parliament

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10
Q

How does the Head of State in the Monarchy affect Canada?

A

They are non-partisan ( no political

party); therefore, are not be biased

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11
Q

How does the Governor General in the Monarchy affect Canada?

A

They add stability. If the PM dies then the Governor General will appoint a successor.

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12
Q

What is a positive of the Monarchy towards the PM?

A

They rarely oppose the wishes of the elected. They are just figurative power.

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13
Q

What are the 2 levels of government? (Federalism)

A
  • Federal

- Provincial and territorial

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14
Q

What does the federal government focus on? (Federalism)

A

“National” issues in Ottawa

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15
Q

What does the provincial/Territorial government focus on? (Federalism)

A

“Regional” issues

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16
Q

What is the power to legislate shared by? (Federalism)

A

The 2 levels of government. Federal and provincial

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17
Q

What does Parliment mean? (Federalism)

A

Federal law making

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18
Q

What does Legislature mean? (Federalism)

A

Provincial law making

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19
Q

What is the legislature called in Quebec? (Federalism)

A

The National Assembly

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20
Q

How does federal and provincial powers affect Canada? (Federalism)

A

Unity and diversity is balance

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21
Q

What type of disputes arise in federalism?

A

Disputes over jurisdiction/control often arise, e.g. who controls and pays for the services we receive such as Health Care and Education

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22
Q

What tends to increase as a result of federalism?

A

Bureaucracy

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23
Q

What is representative democracy?

A

Elected candidates/appointed representatives speak for voters/constituents on their behalf becoming responsible to the electorate.

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24
Q

Who are the representatives in the federal portion?

A

MP’s (Members of Parliament) and Senators

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25
Who are the representatives in the provincial portion?
MLA’s (Members of the Legislative Assembly)
26
What does Quebec call their representatives?
MNA’s (Members of the National Assembly)
27
Who are the Municipal (city) representatives?
Councilors (or Aldermen and Alderwomen)
28
How often are federal elections?
Federal every five (5) years
29
How often are provincial elections?
Provincial every four (4) years*
30
When can elections be called?
Sooner, but not later
31
How do representatives affect Democracy in Canada?
- Sometimes they speak for the voter constituent and sometimes they speak for themselves - Representatives do not consult enough with voters
32
What can interfere with voter wishes in representative democracy?
Partly discipline/solidarity
33
How is rep-by-pop controversial?
Can lead to unequal representation since some regions have higher populations than others
34
What are the 3 branches of government?
Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch
35
What are the 3 groups in the Executive Branch?
Prime Minister Governor General Cabinet Ministers
36
How does the Prime Minister become the | Prime Minister?
He is the leader of the party with the most MPs
37
How do Cabinet Ministers become Cabinet Ministers?
They are elected to the House of Commons and appointed to be a Cabinet Minister by the Prime Minister
38
How does the Governor general become Governor general?
They are appointed by the queen by recommendation of the prime minister
39
What groups are a part of the Legislative branch?
- House of Commons | - Senate
40
How many people are in the House of Commons?
338
41
How many people are in the Senate?
105
42
Which party is the party in power in the House of Commons?
The
43
What does the party with the fewer seats in the House of Commons form?
The Opposition
44
How are people put into the Senate?
Members are appointed by Gov. Gen. on the advice of the Prime Minister
45
What does the Senate do?
Represent regional and minority interests across Canada
46
How do people join the judicial branch?
Qualified lawyers are appointed
47
Why are judges not apart of the Parliment?
Because they do not make laws
48
What do judges do?
They interpret laws to determine: o Has the law been followed? o Are the laws Constitutional?
49
What is a political party?
A group of people with common beliefs and plans or goals for a country or province
50
What is a party's platform?
A party's beliefs
51
What is a Majority government?
If a party’s number of elected candidates is more than half of the total number of candidates
52
What is a Minority Government?
If a party’s number of elected candidates is less than half of the total number of candidates but more than any other party’s numbers,
53
What is a Coalition government?
If no party elects enough candidates to form a government, two (or more) parties can choose to work together in the Executive branch (cabinet).
54
Who is to the left of the political spectrum?
NDP and Liberal
55
Who is to the right of the political spectrum?
Conservative and wild rose
56
Which government level is the Bloc Quebecois running at?
The federal level in Quebec
57
What do left-wing parties believe?
Government power should be used to create economic, political, and social equality
58
What do right-wing parties want?
To want to limit government involvement in the economy and society, and instead promote individual freedom (particularly to accumulate wealth)
59
What are the hopes of a centre party?
They hope to blend the best of the left and the right in order to avoid the extremes of both.
60
Who gives Royal Assent?
The governor general Julie Payette
61
What does Julie Payette do for the parliament?
Summons, prorogues, and dissolves Parliament
62
Who delivers the speech from the throne?
The governor general Julie Payette
63
Who is commander-in-chief of the Canadian armed forces?
The governor general Julie Payette
64
What are the emergency powers of the crown?
 May choose a new PM in the event of the PM’s death or resignation  May call a new election if the election is deemed to have been won by fraud, corruption, or terrorism  May dismiss a PM if the PM behaves unconstitutionally  May refuse a request by the PM to dissolve Parliament and call an election
65
What is the PM the head of?
Canada’s federal government
66
Where should the powers of the PM be mentioned?
It is not mentioned in the constitution but it should be
67
What are patronage appointments?
Appointments made to loyal party members as a reward for past service and for future support wherever possible
68
Who does the PM appoint?
Cabinet Ministers, Senators, the Governor General, Lieutenant Governors, judges, and senior civil servants
69
What is each cabinet minister given?
A portfolio
70
Who represents the most powerful political decision making body in the country?
The Cabinet
71
What is party solidarity?
When a decision on an issue has been made by the PM, ALL Cabinet and other members of the party must publicly support that decision and vote accordingly.
72
What is Party discipline?
When if Cabinet members do not follow the party line and side with the PM they may be prevented from oppurtunities.
73
What are the requirements of a senator?
o Must be at least 30 years of age o Must own property worth $4,000.00 o Must retire at age 75 o Must live in the province they represent
74
What is the upper house of the legislative assembly?
The Senate
75
What is the lower house of the legislative assembly?
House of Commons
76
What are the intents of the Senate?
Intended to protect “regional, provincial, and minority interests, property rights and human rights”
77
What is another name for the Senate?
“House Of Sober Second Thought”
78
What can the Senate not do?
May NOT introduce legislation involving government spending or raising taxes
79
What is the Mace?
A symbol of parliament’s authority to govern. The House cannot legally sit without the mace being placed on the table in front of the Speaker
80
Where does the power government and the opposition sit?
The government party sits on the Speaker’s right with the opposition on the left
81
Where does the PM and the Leader of opposition sit?
They sit directly across from each other in the centre
82
What do clerks and table officers do?
Keep the official record of business and advise the Speaker and MPs
83
What do Hansard reporter do?
Record debates and proceedings and make them available to the public
84
What do pages do?
Carry messages, run errands, and distribute materials for the MPs

1. Social 10-1 (24 decks)

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